RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-10, Number-1, January-2017
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1. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 1-5 (2017) Effect of heat stress on morphology, physiology and molecular aspects of crops: A Review Smita
Kumari*1, Smarika
Thakur2 and Sudhir
Kumar3 1Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, 2Department
of Plant Breeding & Genetics, CSKHPKV, Palampur,
India 3Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India *e-mail: smitak659@gmail.com (Received: February 18, 2016; Revised received: September 27,
2016; Accepted: September 30, 2016) |
Abstract: Heat stress becomes an important threat for agriculture. The
severity of stress is determined by the temperature differential and the
duration of exposure. Temporary or persistently higher temperature is
responsible for morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in plant
species that affect plant growth and development and direct to a severe
decline in economic yield. High temperatures can cause considerable pre and
post-harvest damages, including scorching of leaves and twigs, sunburns on
leaves, branches and stems, leaf senescence and abscission, shoot and root
growth inhibition, fruit discoloration and damage, and reduced yield. After
that it affects the physiology of photosynthesis, respiration, electron transport system and water relations. It can be
mitigated by development of variety enriched with heat sock protein. Key words: Heat
stress, Temperature, Photosynthesis, Heat shock protein |
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2. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 6-10 (2017) Biological inputs in vegetable production- A Review Ravneet Kour*, Narinder
Paul and Amitesh Sharma Krishi Vigyan Kendra Doda,
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences
and Technology-Jammu (J&K)-180009 *e-mail: kourravneet24@yahoo.com (Received:
March 04, 2016; Revised received: September 26, 2016; Accepted: September 30, 2016) |
Abstract: Environmental concerns and awareness on soil and human health
has led to renewed interest in organic production of high value crops. In
view of sustainable productivity and increased demand for quality produce,
the organic inputs are the only alternative. The indiscriminate use of
chemical fertilizers has led to so many problems although they have played a
great role in increasing the yield. In this review, the scattered information
on the nature, role and utility of biological inputs in vegetable crop
production has been compiled. This may be helpful in enhancing knowledge
regarding biological inputs and draw attention of the researchers and
scientists to further work on it. Key words:
Bioinputs, Organic, Biofertilisers,
Compost |
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3. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 11-14 (2017) Forecasting of pre-harvest
crop yield using discriminant function analysis of
meteorological parameters H.G.
Singh*1, V.N Rai1, B.V.S. Sissodi1, V. Nand2
and H.Y. Singh3 1Deptt. of Agri. Statistics,2Deptt. of Agronomy,. N.
D. University of Agri and Tech., Faizabad-224 229,
India 3Deptt. of Horticulture, Janta College Bakewar Etawah, India *e-mail: hshargovind@gmail.com (Received: January 21, 2016; Revised received: September 27,
2016; Accepted: September 30, 2016) |
Abstract: In the present paper, an application of discriminant
function analysis of meteorological parameters for developing suitable
statistical models to forecast on wheat yield in Sultanpur
district of Eastern Utter Pradesh has been demonstrated. Time series data on
wheat yield for 22 years (1990-91 to 2011-12) have been divided into three
groups, viz. congenial, normal, and adverse based on de-trended yield
distribution. Considering these groups as three populations, discriminant function analysis using weekly data of crop
season on eight meteorological parameters has been carried out. The discriminant scores obtained from this have been used as regressor variables along with time trend in development
of statistical models. In all six procedures using weekly weather data have
been proposed. The models developed have been used to forecast the wheat
yield for the year 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 which were not included in
the development of the models. It has been found that most of the models
provide reliable forecast of the wheat yield about two months before the
harvest. It can be concluded that the Model-D1 and Model-D3 are the most
suitable models among all the models. Hence, a reliable forecast of wheat
yield about two and half months before the harvest can be obtained from the
Model-D1 as well as Model-D3. In all the models, the time trend variable T
has been found to be significant at one percent probability level of
significance (P < 0.01). First discriminant
score (ds1) has been found to be significant at P < 0.01 in all the models
while the model 5 significant at P < 0.05. Key word: Meteorological
parameters, Crop yield, Discriminant function
analysis, Forecast model |
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4. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 15-18 (2017) Occurrence of insect pests
with cauliflower in Indo Gangetic plains zone of Uttar Pradesh, India R.P.
Singh*1, N. Pratap2, U. Babu2, R. Shekhar2,
S. Kumar2 and R.K. Vishnoi1 1CCSPG College, Heonra (Saifai), Etawah-206130; 2SMS (GPB),
N.D.U.A.T., Faizabad-224 229, India *e-mail: rudra.agento@gmail.com (Received: March 14, 2016; Revised received: October 02,
2016; Accepted: October 04, 2016) |
Abstract: The extensive studies on insects pests associated with
cauliflower were conducted in different localities of Indo Gangetic plains zone of U.P.’s districts villages i.e. Dobhihara of Sultanpur and Pithla, Akma, Bawan and Sidhauna of Faizabad during 2009-10 and 2010-11. Eighteen arthropods
have been found associated at different growth stages viz., seedling
stage, 4-6 leaves stage, 10-12 leaves stage, folding stage, curd development
stage and pre-harvest stage of cauliflower. The families Lepidoptera were the
dominant families as represented by 7 species followed by Hemiptera
having 3 species; then Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Araceae each having 2 species and least by Orthoptera and Mantodea
each having 1 species. On the basis of nature of damage the insect pests were
also categorized as defoliators, sap feeders, borer, natural enemies and
arthropod of symbiotic group with general activity. Key words: Cauliflower,
insect-pests |
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5. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 19-21 (2017) Genetic variability,
heritability and genetic advance for yield and quality traits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Ambresh*1, H.B. Lingaiah1,
B. Fakrudin1, M. Shivapriya1,
T.H.Singh2, R. Venugopalan2
and Amruta Bhat1 1Univ. of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot-591 310, India; 2Indian
Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaharghatta,
Bangalore- 89 *e-mail: ambrish465@gmail.com (Received:
March 03, 2016; Revised received: October 03, 2016; Accepted: October 05, 2016) |
Abstract: The genetic parameters were studied to elucidate the genetic
variability, heritability and genetic advance in tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum L.). Field evaluation of F6
recombinant inbred lines was done. The genotypes exhibited a wide range of
variability for all the characters studied. Phenotypic coefficient of
variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for
all the characters studied. High heritability was observed for the characters
Average fruit weight (g) (76.29%), Number of branches per plant (82.29),
Number of fruits per plant (84.91), Plant height(cm) (86.87), Fruit yield per
plant (kg) (76.87), Total soluble solid (0Brix)
(80.10), Number of locules/fruit (77.34) and Pericarp thickness (mm) (73.97). High heritability
combined with high genetic advance indicates that additive gene action plays
a major role in governing these traits and these traits can be improved by
simple selection. Key words: PCV, GCV, Heritability and Genetic advance |
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6. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 22-24 (2017) Effect of nitrogen,
planting distance and bulb size on flowering attributes and yield of tuberose
(Polianthes tuberosa
L.) cv. Hyderabad Double Shiv Kumar Vishwakarma and Ashok Kumar* Department of Floriculture and
Landscape, College of Horticulture and Forestry, N.D. U. A. & T.,
Faizabad-224 229, India *e-mail: akmnduat@yahoo.com (Received: February 27, 2016; Revised received: October 03,
2016; Accepted: October 06, 2016) |
Abstract: A
field experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design (factorial) with 16
treatment combinations, comprising of four levels of nitrogen (0, 100, 200
and 300 kg/ha), two levels of planting distance (30 x 20 and 30 x 30 cm) and
two level of size of bulb (1.00-2.00 and 2.00-3.00 cm) in two successive
years 2012-13 and 2013-14 at Main Experiment Station, Department of
Floriculture and Landscape, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.). Results revealed that higher levels of
nitrogen, higher spacing and bigger size of bulbs reduced days taken for initiation
of spike and opening of first floret and increased length and diameter of
spike, number of spikes per clump, number of florets per spike, weight of
florets per spike, increased duration of flowering and number of spikes per
hectare. However higher spacing was decreased number of spikes per hectare in
both the year of experiments. Key words: Nitrogen,
Planting distance, Bulb, Tuberose |
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7. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 25-27 (2017) Evaluation of organic amendments and plant extracts against Fusarium solani causing
root rot of papaya (Carica papaya L.) Rahul
Kumar*1,2 and S.K. Singh1
1Department of Plant Pathology, Rajendra
Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur,
Bihar-848 125, India 2ICAR Research Complex For Eastern Region Patna-800 014, India *e-mail: rahul.tiwari072@gmail.com (Received: January 29, 2016; Revised received: October 05,
2016; Accepted: October 09, 2016) |
Abstract: In the present investigation screening of five organic amendments viz.,
mustard cake, neem cake, castor cake, vermicompost and FYM evaluated against Fusarium solani
by poisoned food technique, that all of the organic amendments were found
significantly effective in inhibiting the radial growth of Fusarium solani in
vitro. The inhibition due to different amendements
ranged between 3.2 and 13.9 per cent after 240 hrs of incubation. However,
among the cakes, highest inhibition of the pathogen was recorded in neemcake (13.9%) followed by mustard cake (13.5%) and
castor cake (7.1%) over control.Thus, neem cake was most effective in checking the growth of
the pathogen. During evaluation of plant extracts, two different
concentrations (8% and 10%) of aqueous extracts of wild garlic, neem, garlic, tulsi and makoi were tested against root rot incidence on papaya
under artificial condition in pot. All the plant extracts significantly
inhibited the root rot incidence on papaya. The lowest root rot incidence was
recorded with wild garlic with 43 per cent and 45 per cent incidence at 10
per cent and 8 per cent concentrations respectively followed by that of neem (47%) incidence and garlic (49%) incidence at their
10 per cent concentration. Among the aqueous plant extracts, wild garlic (Adenocalymma alliaceum)
10 per cent was identified as the most effective plant extract where disease
symptom was not observed upto 67 days. Key words: Papaya,
Fusarium solani,
Organic amendments and plant extracts |
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8. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 28-30 (2017) Studies on changes during growth and development of phalsa (Grewia subinaequalis d.c.) fruits Krishna
Kumar Mishra1, Bhagwan
Deen1 and Mahendra
Chaudhary2 1Department of Horticulture, N.D.U.A. & T, Faizabad-224
229, India 2Department
of Horticulture, C.S.A.U.A & T, Kanpur-208 002, India *e-mail: kkmishrababbu@gmail.com (Received:
March 05, 2016; Revised received: October 06, 2016; Accepted: October 09, 2016) |
Abstract: Phalsa (Grewia subinaequalis
D.C.) grown worldwide but in India acupise large
area. Phalsa
has great utility and its own importance and usefulness but its cultivation
is restricted and confined to only small scale in a particular area. An
experiment was designed physico-chemical changes in
phalsa fruits. The maximum TSS was observed (15%),
reducing sugar (10.10%), Total sugars (12.25%), ascorbic acid (37.08
mg/100g), anthocyanins (205.00 mg/100g) at 40 days
of intervals while the maximum acidity (2.47%) at 24 days of intervals and
the non- reducing sugar (4.15%) at 16 days intervals. Whereas, the maximum
chlorophyll (2.61 mg/100g) were found in first day. Key words: Changes, Growth and
Development, Phalsa Fruits |
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9 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 31-34 (2017) Oil content, seed viability, nutrient uptake and post-harvest
soil fertility as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer levels and
ratios in groundnut production Naveen Kumar, B.T.*, Lokanath, H. Malligawad, Bhavya, M.R.,
Rajesh, H.R. and Maruthesh, A.M. Department of Agronomy, University of
Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, Karnataka, India *e-mail: btnagri@gmail.com (Received:
January 29, 2016; Revised received: October 05, 2016; Accepted: October 09, 2016) |
Abstract: Field experiment was conducted in clay loam soil to evaluate
the influence of different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and
top dressing of nitrogen fertilizers in TAG 24 cultivar during Kharif 2011. The experiment was laid out in
randomized complete block design. The treatments comprised of 14 N/P
fertilizer ratios. The N/P fertilizer ratio of 0.57 recorded significantly
higher seed oil content (47.23), oil yield (1575 kg ha-1), seed
germination (94.00%), and seedling vigour index
(2472.8) as compared to control and potassium level alone. With respect to
nutrient uptake, the same N/P fertilizer ratio shown significant effect on
nitrogen uptake (225.53 kg ha-1), phosphorus (21.33 kg ha-1)
and potassium (112.31 kg ha-1) over control and other N/P
fertilizer ratios and it was on par with N/P ratio of 0.52, 0.70 and 0.78. Key words: N/P
fertilizer ratios, Oil content, Nutrient uptake |
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10 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 35-38 (2017) Response of certain
physical and chemical treatments to improve seed germination of Rauvolfia serpentina
(L.) Benth. ex Kurz. Ruchi Bajpai* and J.S. Chauhan Department of Seed Science and
Technology, H.N.B Garhwal University, Srinagar
Garhwal-246174, Uttarakhand, India *e-mail: bajpai.ruchi9@gmail.com (Received:
March 19, 2016; Revised received: October 08, 2016; Accepted: October 12, 2016) |
Abstract: Rauvolfia
serpentina
(L.) Benth. ex Kurz. is a threatened plant
species because of extensive utilization for its wide ranging medicinal
applications. The roots of R. serpentina
are under use in traditional and Modern systems of medicine. The wild
population of this valuable medicinal plant is in dwindling stage in the
natural habitats due to over exploitation and different anthropogenic
activities. R. serpentina can be propagated
by both seed and propagules but seed mediated
propagation is unsatisfactory due to dormancy and poor germination. Thus
efforts were made in this study to break dormancy and improve germination of
seeds for boosting conservation. The viability of R. serpentina
was found 69%. Germination percentage of treated seeds showed improved
germination of 27.5% when treated with H2SO4 for 30
minutes. Scarified seed exhibited 38% germination and the highest germination
achieved by Gibberellic acid 300ppm (59.7%) over
control which resulted into only 13% germination. Temperature also influenced
the germination percentage that was obtained highest at 300C.
Results of treatments indicate the presence of coat induced and non-deep
physiological dormancy in this species. Due to its potential to cure
different diseases it is therefore
essential to cultivate this drug yielding plant on large scale for the mass
multiplication and production of quality planting material of R. Serpentina. Key words: R.
serpentina,
Germination, Dormancy, Growth regulators and temperature |
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11 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 39-42 (2017) Genetic Variability studies for yield, yield
attributes and leaf rust resistance in F3 population of the cross NIAW 1415 X
Parula in bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) Sneha G. Lakkangoudar, S.S. Biradar*, V. Rudra Naik, S.A. Desai, Yashavanth K.J. and Basavaraja
Sindhigeri All Indian Coordinated Research on
Wheat, UAS, Dharwad-580 005, India *e-mail: biradar.suma@gmail.com (Received:
March 05, 2016; Revised received: October 09, 2016; Accepted: October 12, 2016) |
Abstract: Information on the extent of genetic variability and
heritability for important quantitative traits is a requirement to obtain a
suitable plant breeding material. Present study was undertaken to evaluate
fifty six F3 lines of the cross NIAW 1415 X Parula
for grain yield, its attributing traits and leaf rust resistance. To estimate
the genetic parameters like GCV, PCV, h2, GA and GAM,
the F2 progenies were evaluated under normal as well as under
artificial epiphytotic condition for all the nine
quantitative characters. One of the
ways in which the variability assessed is through the simplest approach of
examining the variance component. The genetic variability studies in both the
parents (NIAW 1415 and Parula) was found to be
similar for most of the quantitative traits indicating, no much influence of
rust pathogen on these traits. Whereas, the traits like SPS (Seeds Per
Spike), TGW (1000 grain weight) and YP (Yield per plant) has recorded reduced
level of expression with the respective values of 43.56, 35.45 (SPS), 30.25,
30.00 (TGW) and 25.45, 27.0 (YP) for respective parents indicating there is
an influence of rust pathogen on yield contributing traits. Similar trend was
recorded in F3 segregating population. High GCV (Genotypic
Coefficient of Variation) and PCV( Phenotypic
Coefficient of Variation) with the values of 21.20, 21.75 (GCV) and 28.57,
28.80 (PCV) were recorded for the traits such as PTP and YP respectively.
This suggested the greater effectiveness of selection and improvement to be
expected for these characters in future breeding programme.
On the contrary, in protected experiment low GCV and PCV values were recorded
for the traits such as, DFF (Days to Fifty percent Flowering), DM (Days to
Maturity) and PH (Plant Height) indicating, less scope for selection as they
are under the influence of environment. Interestingly some of the traits like
PTP 9 productive tillers per Plant), SL (Spike Length), SKS (Spikelets per Spike) and YP (Yield per Plant) have
recorded reduced level of GAM (Genetic Advance over Mean) in rust condition,
hence the selection is not suitable for these traits in disease condition as
they are effected by rust pathogen. Traits like PTP and YP recorded higher
GAM hence, selection is desirable for these traits
in protected condition. Key words: F3,
GCV, h2, PCV, Wheat |
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12 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 43-46 (2017) Investigations on fuel
properties of stable ethanol-bio diesel with surfactant for their use in 3.75
KW C I engines Gajendra Singh*1, S.C. Moses2 H.L. Kushwaha3 and K.C. Pandey4 1Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, IIT
Kharagpur-721 302, WB, India 2Sam Higginbottom Institute of
Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Ald- 211007,
India 3Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Delhi, India; 4Central
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India *e-mail: singh.gajendra1988@gmail.com (Received:
December 18, 2015; Revised received: October 09, 2016; Accepted: October 14, 2016) |
Abstract: This experimental study was carried out to determine the
feasibility of utilization of ethanol–biodiesel with substitute fuel as
biodiesel in compression ignition (CI) engines. The fuel properties of
ethanol–ethyl acetate–biodiesel as 2000-10/0/90, 2000-15/5/76,
2000-20/10/70, 2000-25/11/64, 2000-30/11.5/58.5,
2000-35/12/53, 2000-40/12.5/47.5, 2000-45/13/42,
1900-10/22/68, 1900-15/26/59, 1900-20/29/51, 1900-25/9/66, 1900-30/10/60,
1900-35/12/53, 1800-10/36/54, 1800-15/39/46,
1800-20/41/39, 1800-25/13/62, 1800-30/18/52,
1700-10/43/47, 1700-15/45/40, 1700-20/52/28,
and 1700-25/27/48 have been determined in accordance with the
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Institute of Petroleum (IP). When
compared to bio-diesel, the substitute fuel
prepared from 200°, 190°,180 and 170 proof ethanol were found to have
relative density variations from 0.7923, 0.8113, 0.8265 and 0.8416 and Kinematic viscosity of substitute was
found to be 10 to 22% less than that of the biodiesel. The flash point of
above substitute was found as 38.0, 25.4, 22.5, 19.6, 17.5 and 15.20
C respectively. The fire point of above substitute was found as 43.5, 30.8,
27.3, 24.9, 22.8 and 20.40 C respectively. The performance of a
3.73 kW diesel engine on alternative fuels of 200o ethanol with
respect to brake power, fuel consumption and brake specific fuel consumption,
O2 (%), Emission of CO2 (%), Emission of NO2
(ppm) and Emission of NO (ppm)
revealed that these fuels have almost similar power producing capability with
reduced exhaust emission. Thus, the stable alternative fuel of 200° proof
ethanol had similar power producing capabilities, slightly higher fuel
consumption, and lower exhaust emission as those of biodiesel fuel alone. Key words:
Ethanol biodiesel fuel properties performance and exhaust emissions |
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13 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 47-49 (2017) Effect of nitrogen and
phosphorus levels on sprouting of bulbs, vegetative growth and bulb
production of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) Mahendra Pratap Singh and Ashok Kumar* Department of Floriculture and
Landscaping, N.D. University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad-224229,
India *e-mail: akmnduat@yahoo.com (Received: February 28, 2015; Revised received: October 09,
2016; Accepted: October 14, 2016) |
Abstract: An
experiment was carried out at Main Experiment station, Department of
Floriculture and Lanscape, Narendre
Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad (U.P.) during the year 2014-2015. The experiment
conducted in Randomized Block Design (factorial) manner including 16
treatment combinations, comprising of 4 levels of nitrogen (0, 200, 300 and
400 kg/ha) and 4 levels of phosphorus (0, 150, 200 and 250 kg/ha). Results
revealed that higher levels of nitrogen and phosphorus had reduced the days
taken to complete sprouting (31 days), increased the sprouting percentage (95
%) and number of sprouts (3.45) per bulb, they also enhanced the plant height
(49.80 cm) and number of leaves (25.80) per plants. It has been noticed that
nitrogen and phosphorus levels influenced the number and weight of bulbs
produced per clump as well as per hectare. Maximum number of bulbs (8.93) and
bulb weight (280.00 g) per clumps were recorded with N3P3
treatment (400 kg N+250 kg P per ha).
Key words:
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Tuberose, Bulb |
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14 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 50-53 (2017) Response of pruning time
on vegetative growth and yield of Guava (Psidium
guajava L.) selections P.H. Nikumbhe*,
A.M. Musmade and R. S. Patil Department of Horticulture,
Post Graduate Institute, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth; Rahuri-413
722, Maharshtra, India *e-mail: bluekingphn@gmail.com (Received:
March 23, 2015; Revised received: October 09, 2016; Accepted: October 14, 2016) |
Abstract: The present investigation was done on six pruning
time’s i.e 15th
May, 15th June, 15th
July, 15th August, 15th
Sept and Control and seven different genotypes such as. Sardar,
RHR-Guv-58, RHR-Guv-60, RHR-Guv-14, RHR-Guv-16, RHR-Guv-3 and RHR-Guv-6. The
experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with fourty two treatments replicated two times. Growth
characters were significantly influenced by different genotypes. The plant
spread, number of sprouted shoots, girth of shoot, shoot length was recorded
maximum in Sardar. The Minimum time required for
initiation of new shoots was observed in 15th
May pruning time and in Sardar and also in their
interactions. As well as, with respect to marketable yield 15th July pruning time was found to be better. Key words: Psidium guajava, Pruning time, Sprouting of shoot, Vegetative
growth, Yield |
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15 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 54-57 (2017) Assessment of genetic
diversity for green and ripe chilli under alluvial
zone of West Bengal Dipak Kumar Murmu1, Bimal Das*2 and Rakesh
Yonzone2, Chiranjit
Mazumder2, Aparajita
Das3 1RRS, UBKV, Majhian, Dakshin Dinajpur, West
Bengal-733133, India 2College of Agriculture, Extended Campus (UBKV), Majhian, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal-733133, India 3Dept of Genetics and Plant Breeding, UBKV, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal-733133, India *e-mail : bimal.das987@gmail.com (Received:
February 14, 2016; Revised received: October 11, 2016; Accepted: October 11, 2016) |
Abstract: For improving the yield potential of varieties and hybrids
the decision should be made about the choice of right type of parents for
hybridization. Based on the determination of divergence for the characters
pertaining to green and ripe chilli all the 24
genotypes could meaningfully be grouped into 10 clusters. Cluster I was
comprises maximum 7 and 5 genotypes for green and ripe chilli.
Highest percent contribution characters to the divergence of the genotypes
based on green chilli characters were fruit weight
(22%), pedicel length (20.4%), pedicel: fruit ratio (13.5%), days to first
flowering (12.19%), seeds fruit-1 (9.88%), fruit yield plant-1
(9.77%), fruit length (6.66) and fruit plant-1 (3.4%) and based on
ripe chilli, characters were dry weight of ripe
fruit (45.05%), fruit yield (26.09%), days to first flowering (8.3%), seeds
fruit-1(7.1%), pedicel length (6.34%) and fruit weight (5.1%). The
genotypes from the Cluster V, VII, VIII and XI could be selected for
hybridization programme to produce highly heterotic genotypes as these were found to be most
divergent with a number of desirable traits. Therefore, diverse promising genotypes viz., AC 575, AC 573 , Hyb 3(2)-2 , AC 587, AC 571, Hyb
3(2)-1 and AC 576 emerged as outstanding which may be used as such as
breeding lines to develop the varieties after rendering to stability through
necessary purification by selfing and single plant
selection. Key words: Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), Genetic
diversity, Cluster analysis, Hybridization |
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16 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 58-64 (2017) Effect of treated effluent
water on yield, nutrient content and uptake by wheat- sorghum sequence J.K. Parmar*1,
Sandip Rathod2,
A.S. Bhanvadia3 and V. P. Ramani4 1Department of Agriculture Chemistry and Soil Science, B. A.
College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural
University, Anand 2Department of Agriculture Chemistry and Soil Science, College
of Agriculture, Amreli 3Agricultural Research Station, 4Micronutrient
Project (ICAR), Anand Agricultural University, Anand *e-mail: jkparmar.aau@gmail.com (Received:
February 22, 2016; Revised received: October 07, 2016; Accepted: October 11, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiments
was conducted on sandy loam soil (Typic Ustipsemments) to study the effect of application of
effluent water alone and in combination with farm yard manure, gypsum and
sewage sludge on yield, content and uptake of wheat and succeeding fodder
sorghum, physicochemical properties and nutrient availability of the soil.
The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with
three replications comprised of ten treatments. Among the ten treatments, application
of tube well water + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 (T6) showed
the best positive effect and significantly increased grain (52.79 kg ha-1)
and straw (62.77 kg ha-1) yield of wheat as well as succeeding
fodder yield of sorghum (35.45 kg ha-1) which were 35.29, 41.57
and 33.72 per cent higher over effluent water applied alone, respectively. In
general, all the macro (N, P, K, S) and micro-nutrients (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu) contents and uptake by wheat and sorghum were
higher in T6 treatment (Tube well water + FYM @ 5 t/ha) which was
at par with T8 (Treated effluent water + FYM @ 5 t/ha), T7 (Treated
effluent water + gypsum @ 1 t/ha) and T10 (Treated effluent water
+ sewage sludge @ 3 t/ha). It was also noted that application of treated
effluent water increases EC and reduced fertility of soil, however, its
detrimental effect was decreased when the effluent water or sludge applied
with amendments i.e . FYM and gypsum. The application of T6
treatment (Tube well water + FYM @ 5 t/ha) increased the available N (265 kg
ha-1), P (27.95 kg ha-1) and K (397 kg ha-1)
status after harvest of wheat-sorghum sequence, while application of gypsum
with irrigated by treated effluent water increases the available S (5.13 kg ha-1) status after
harvest of sequence. Key word: Effluent water, FYM, Gypsum, Sewage-sludge, Nutrients, Yield |
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17 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 65-67 (2017) Effect of nutrient managment and foliar spray on yield, quality and nutrient
uptake of groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea) C.M. Munirathnamma*1, V. Shakaranarayana2 , L.N Lakshmi3
and V. Mahesh Babu3 1Department of Agronomy, 3UAS, GKVK,
Bangalore- 560 065; 2 Collegeof
Sericulture, Chintamani, Chikkaballapura *e-mail: muniratnacm@gmail.com (Received:
October 15, 2015; Revised received: October 08, 2016; Accepted: October 11, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research
Station, chintamani (Karnataka) during rainy (Kharif) season of 2013 on sandy loam soil
to study the effect of nutrient management and foliar application of nutrient
supply on yield and quality of groundnut. Treatments comprised offour nutrient management practices and three foliar
application nutrients were tested in split plot design with three
replications. Results revealed that application of FYM +Rec. NPK + Borax @ 5
kg + ZnSo4 @ 10 kg ha-1recorded
maximum yield and oil quality. Foliar application of 2% urea recorded highest
yield and oil quality attributes. Application of FYM +Rec. NPK + Borax @ 5 kg
+ ZnSo4 @ 10 kg ha-1 along
with foliar spray of 2% urea at 30 and 60 DAS improved yield and nutrient uptake
of groundnut . Highest net
return and benefit cost ratio was observed
with combined application
of FYM +Rec. NPK + Borax @ 5 kg
+ ZnSo4 @ 10 kg ha-1 andfoliar spray of 2% urea at 30 and 60 DAS. Key words: Groundnut,
INM, 2% Urea, Foliar spray, Nutrient uptake |
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18 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 68-70 (2017) Incidence of bovine
leukocyte adhesion deficiency carrier in breeding sires of West Bengal Krishnendu Mondal*1, S. Chakravarti2, A.K. Ghosh1,
S. Kumar2, P.K. Senapati3, U.
Sarkar3, R. Deb4 and A. De5 1Department
of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
G.B.P.U.A.&T., Pantnagar-263 145, India 2Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar,
Bareilly, India 3Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of
Veterinary and Animal Sciences, W.B.U.A.F.Sc., Kolkata, India 4Animal Genetics & Breeding Section, Central Institute of
Research on Cattle, Modipuram, Meerut, India 5Frozen Semen Bull Station, Haringhata,
Department of Animal Resources Development Department, Government of West
Bengal, India *e-mail: mondalkrishnachandra@gmail.com (Received:
March 03, 2016; Revised received: October 11, 2016; Accepted: October 15, 2016) |
Abstract: Bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) is a genetically
transmitted disease and inherited as an autosomal
recessive defect. Keeping this in view the present study was conducted to
estimate incidence of carrier animals in a herd of breeding bulls for
mutation in Integrin â2 gene, reared at Frozen
Semen Bull Station (FSBS), Haringhata, Nadia, West Bengal, India. A total of 80 bulls of different age
group were randomly selected from different cattle breeds (Sahiwal, Gir) to screen
presence of BLAD syndrome in breeding sires. Genomic DNA was isolated from
blood of the selected bulls. PCR parameters were standardized to obtain 570 bp amplicon. This amplified PCR
product (amplicon) of ITGB2 gene was digested using
TaqI (5’T“!CGA3’) restriction enzyme for screening of
mutation in BLAD allele. TaqI PCR-RFLP revealed
no such mutation thus indicating the absence of bovine leukocyte adhesion
deficiency (BuLAD) allele in animals under study. Key words: BLAD,
ITGB2, PCR-RFLP, TaqI |
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19 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 71-74 (2017) Studies on genetic
variability in segregating populations of okra and their character association
Rekha Hallur*, T. Shantappa
and Jagadeesha R.C. Department Crop Improvement and
Biotechnology, K.R.C. college of Horticulture, Arabhavi-
591218, Gokak, Karnataka, India *e-mail: rekha632@gmail.com (Received:
January 23, 2016; Revised received: October 11, 2016; Accepted: October 16, 2016) |
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the genetic
variability, nature of association among different yield attributes and their
direct and indirect contribution towards yield of F2 and F3
populations of okra. In F2
and F3 populations of okra the analysis of variance, it was
observed that, mean squares due to genotypes were significant for all the
traits indicating the presence of genetic variability in the experimental
material. The values of expression of the selected characters were found more
in F3 population compared to F2 population. The GCV,
heritability and genetic advance were higher for fruit weight (10.21, 54.00
and 3.22), number of branches (10.25, 62.00 and 1.12), fruit yield per plant
(31.70, 54.00 and 6.05), number of fruits per plant (3.22, 51.00 and 0.83)
and days to 50% flowering (1.94, 67.00 and 0.99) which might be attributed to
additive gene action of inheritance in F3 population. From the
correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that, the top priority
should be given to selection based on number of branches per plant (0.1742),
number of fruits per plant (0.4763**), fruit length (0.3071**), fruit
diameter (0.4135**) and fruit weight (0.9189**) for yield improvement and
could be considered while formulating selection indices in the improvement of
okra. Path coefficient analysis revealed that, fruit weight had maximum
direct contribution (0.8732) towards fruit yield followed by number of fruits
per plant (0.3787). This revealed that, F3 population showed more
variability compared to F2 population in the segregating
generations. Key words: Genetic
variability, Correlation, Path analysis, Okra, Yield, F2 and F3
population |
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20 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 75-77 (2017) Effect of american cotton based intercropping system on yield, quality and economics Ravindra Kumar*1, A.B. Turkhede1,
R.K. Nagar1 and Rajesh Kumar2 1Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao
Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharastra-444 104, India 2Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra
Agriculture University, Jobner, Rajasthan-303329,
India *e-mail: ravindrapanchal5541@gmail.com (Received:
September 18, 2015; Revised received: October 10, 2016; Accepted: October 16, 2016) |
Abstract: The field experiment entitled “Effect of american
cotton based intercropping system on yield, quality and economics” was
conducted during kharif season of 2014-15 at
the farm of AICRP for Dryland Agriculture, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola
(Maharashtra). The experiment was laid out in randomized block design,
replicated thrice with eleven treatments. Seed cotton yield (1139 kg ha-1),
stalk yield (1898 kg ha-1), biological yield (3164 kg ha-1),
ginning percentage (41.8 %) and seed index (8.47) were recorded highest in
sole cotton than rest of treatments. Whereas harvest index (46.22), lint
index (5.84) and earliness index (0.61) were recorded higher in cotton + clusterbean intercropping system. While maximum GMR
(76302 Rs ha-1), NMR (34066 Rs ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.81) were recorded significantly in cotton +
cowpea intercropping system. Key words: Economics,
Intercropping, Stalk yield |
|
21 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 78-83 (2017) Impact of selective
herbicides on weed ecology and yield of late sown wheat crop in Indo-Gangatic Plains of India Rajendra K. Singh1,
S.K. Dubey2, Bheem
Pareek1, A.K. Singh3 and Somen Acharya1 1Department of Soil and Nano Science
Defence Institute of High Altitude Reaearch, DRDO, Leh-Ladakh,
India 2Department of Water Resource Development and Management,
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, India 3Department of Agronomy,
N.D.U.A&T, Kumarganj, Faizabad, India *e-mail: rajanmpsingh@gmail.com (Received:
November 20, 2015; Revised received: October 16, 2016; Accepted: October 22, 2016) |
Abstract: One of the factors in limiting the crop growth is weeds and
chemical control methods are considered to be appropriate in controlling
weeds. But Continuous use of a particular herbicide may result in tolerance
in weeds. To find out the suitable and most effective newly developed
herbicides against important grassy species of weeds of wheat viz. Phalaris minor and other important weeds appearing in
late sown wheat due to development of
resistance, which may be one of important limiting factors responsible for
low yield that hampers crop productivity. Application of pinoxaden
was found more effective against grassy weeds while carfentrazone
was quite suitable against broad-leaved weeds (BLW). Most appropriate
combination of herbicides against both (grassy and BLW) was pinoxaden 40 g and carfentrazone
25g which was almost at par to weed free situation. Key words: Weed
density, Herbicide selectivity, Weed control efficiency and wheat yield |
|
22 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 84-86 (2017) Response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus
L.) to different levels of sulphur and sulphur oxidizing biofertilizer
(Thiobacillus thiooxidans) Ashok Choudhary,
Vikram Singh, Naresh
Kumar Department of Agronomy, Allahabad School of Agriculture,
SHIATS, Allahabad-211 007, India *e-mail: ashokagro777@gmail.com (Received:
January 06 2016; Revised received: October 18, 2016; Accepted: October 22, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment was to concluded
the response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
to different levels of sulphur and sulphur oxidizing biofertilizer
(Thiobacillus thiooxidans)
in Randomized Block Design with eight treatments replicated thrice. The results
showed under treatment T8 (45 kg ha-1 sulphur + sulphur oxidizing biofertilizer) produced significantly higher plant height
(154 cm), leaf area (99.55 dm2), leaf area index (7.29), dry
weight (68.77 g). The significantly higher yield attributes and yield under
treatment T8 (45 kg ha-1 sulphur
+ sulphur oxidizing biofertilizer)
with head diameter (15.32 cm), head weight plant-1 (351.18 g),
seed yield (2372.66 kg ha-1),
stover yield (3117 kg ha-1),
harvest index (43.21%) and oil content (39.05%) was recorded in treatment T8
(45 kg sulphur + sulphur
oxidizing biofertilizer). Key words: Sulphur,
Sulphur oxidizing biofertilizer,
Thiobacillus thiooxidans,
Sunflower, Helianthus |
|
23 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 87-90 (2017) Efficacy of
selected plant extracts
and biocontrol agents
against damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum) of chilli Manisha Pandey*1, Shafaat Ahmad2 and
Kunwar
Zeeshan
Khan2 1Department of Biological
Sciences, 2Department
of Plant Pathology, SHIATS, Naini, Allahabad- 211007, India *e-mail: pandeymaai@gmail.com (Received:
April 01 2016; Revised received: October 22, 2016; Accepted: October 28, 2016) |
Abstract: The efficacy of
plant extracts and biocontrol
agents were tested
against damping off
disease of chilli caused
by Pythium aphanidermatum. Five
biocontrol
agents (T. harzianum, T. hamatum, T. asperellum,
Bacillus subtilis and
P. fluorescens) and four
botanicals (Catharanthus
roseus, Lantana
camara, Eucalyptus globolus and Lawsonia intermis ) were
selected by screening
against test pathogen
in in vitro.
Effective plant extracts
and biocontrol agents
were further tested
against damping off
disease in pot
and field conditions
with positive and
negative control. The
pooled data of
two year research
trail (2013-14 and
2014-15) revealed that
seed treatment with
T. harzianum shows
maximum disease reduction
in pre emergence and
post emergence (84.38 % and 85.01 % respectively) over
the control followed
by Lantana camara, P.
fluorescens
and rest of
the treatments as compared
to the control.
However, seed treatment
of P. fluorescens showed
maximum plant growth
and yield (shoot
length, root length and
yield were recorded 11.39 cm,
6.59 cm and
117.22 gm/plant respectively) in compare of other treatments. Ridomil effectively
reduce disease over
the control pre
and post emergence
(87.50 % and 87.32%
respectively) and increase
plant growth and
yield of chilli plants
as positive control. Key Words: Chilli, Damping
off, Pythium aphanidermatum, Plant
extracts, Biocontrol
agents |
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24 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 91-94 (2017) Genetic divergence in pod and seed traits of Pongamia pinnata
(L.) Pierre: a versatile leguminous tree A.K.Singh*1 , Y.S. Yadav1,
R. K. Anand2 and A.M.Wani1 1School of Forestry and Environment, SHIATS, Allahabad-211
007, India; 2 KVK, Sonbhadra, India *e-mail: aksinghforestry@gmail.com (Received:
April 06 2016; Revised received: October 20, 2016; Accepted: October 25, 2016) |
Abstract: Pongamia
pinnata
is a medium-sized fast growing nitrogen fixing tree popularly known as Karanj. It is an excellent multipurpose tree with each
and every part of the tree having specific use. The seeds of Pongamia contain 30 to 40 % thick reddish brown oil known
as Pongam oil, which can be converted to biodiesel
by transesterification method. Thirty candidate
plus trees (CPTs) of P. pinnata were
selected from 30 different locations in Uttar Pradesh for the study of
genetic divergence in pod and seed characters. The eight Principal Component
(PCs) explained large portion (97.12%) of the total variation. The study
revealed that the cluster analysis performed on the scores of the first eight
PCs resulted into five clusters with cluster IV comprised highest number of
ten candidate plus tree followed by cluster II, III, V and I having 7, 7, 5
and 1 CPT, respectively. Seven CPTs in cluster II (S2, S3,
S13, S22, S23, S26 and S27)
had high mean values and combination of desirable traits and can be directly
selected for further genetic improvement programme. Key Words: Genetic
divergence, leguminous tree, nitrogen fixing, Pongamia
pinnata |
|
25 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 10 (1) 95-98 (2017) Impact of foliar-spray of bio-regulators on quality and
production of pearl millet [pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. emend Stuntz]
varieties Anshul Gupta*1, O.P. Sharma1, Radhika Bhanwar Solanki1, Nitish
Kumar2 1Department of Agronomy, Sri Karan Narendra
Agriculture University, Jobner- 303329, India 2Department
of Agronomy, Rajendra Agricultural University,
Samastipur-848125, India *e-mail: anshulgupta2803@gmail.com (Received:
August 01, 2015; Revised received: January 14, 2016; Accepted: January 18, 2016) |
Abstract: A set of treatments involving four bio-regulators control,
salicylic acid, thioglycolic acid and thiourea and and its effect on
nutrient uptake, protein content and yield were studied on four varieties of
pearl millet( RHB-121, RHB-173, RHB-177 and Raj-171) during the rainy seasons
from 2014-15. Results revealed that the cultivar RHB-173 recorded
significantly higher N, P and K uptake (66.08, 11.33 and 114.61 kg/ha) and
yield (2175 kg/ha) over the other cultivars and higher protein content over
Raj-171. Among the foliar spray, TU resulted in significantly higher N and P
uptake (67.82 and 11.83 kg/ha) over other bio-regulators but remained at par
with TGA in total K uptake and yield. Protein content in grain improved
significantly by spray of bio-regulators over control. Key words: Bio-regulators,
Nutrient uptake, Pearl millet, Varieties |