RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-10, Number-10, October-2017
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196 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 793-796
(2017) Study of tree species
amelioration effect on soil physico-chemical
properties of sodic soils of Central Uttar Pradesh R. R. Verma*1,
H. P. Chaudhary2, Yogesh
Kumar2 and N. K. Katiyar3 1Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow - 226 002,
India 2Department of Soil Conservation & Water Management,
C.S.A. University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208 002, India 3Regional Pesticides Testing Laboratory, Kanpur - 208 022,
India *e-mail: ratan.verma@rediffmail.com (Received:
April 16, 2017; Revised received: July 24, 2017;Accepted: August 02, 2017) |
Abstract: A study was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative effect of
various tree species in salt affected soils.Under
the study 11 tree species viz.Acacia nilotia, Azadirachta indica, Cassia siamea, Cordia dichotoma, Delonix regia, Emblica officinalis, Holoptelea integrifolia, Pithecolobium dulce, Peltophorum peterocarpum, Psidium guajava, Terminalia arjuna were
selected at”National Botanical Research Institute
of Banthara Farm, Lucknow” North India.
Representative surface layer soil samples (0-15 cm depth) were collected from
ground area of selected tree species and analysed.
The soil bulk density was significantly decreased from initial 1.85 to1.32 Mg
m-3 whereas, soil porosity, water holding capacity and moisture
equivalent were significantly increased (47.4%, 57.27% and 24.82%,respectively ) due to plantation of Acacia nilotica tree species over without plantation status
(32.48%, 33.33% and 15.44%, respectively).The tree species were found
effective in bringing abrupt improvement in soil physico-chemical
properties. Soil organic carbon was enhanced to the level of 0.95% and cation exchange capacity 15.48 cmolkg-1
whereas, soil pH, electrical conductivity and exchangeable sodium per cent
values were decreased underAcacia nilotica plantation Key words:
Salt affected soil, bulk density, organic carbon, water holding capacity and
tree species |
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197 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 797-806
(2017) Distant hybridization in grapes through embryo rescue for
desirable traits- A review T. Anupa* and
R. S. Roshni ICAR - National Research Centre
for Grapes, Manjri Farm, P. O. Box No. 3. Solapur road, Pune-412 307, India *e-mail: anupatnayak@gmail.com (Received:
May 17, 2017; Revised received: July 20, 2017;Accepted: July 27, 2017) |
Abstract: Grape is the one of the most important fruit crop grown all
over the world. Wide-hybridization is an important tool in the hands of the
plant breeder and a cytogeneticist. It is the first
step to transfer genes of the wild species into the cultivated ones. Distant
Hybridization involves parents belong to the different species of the same
genus (Interspecific hybridization) or of different
genera (Intergeneric hybridization). In order to introgress desired traits viz., seedlessness, triploidy, into
genotypes having other important attributes, viz., stress-resistance
(biotic and abiotic stresses). Hybridization
between distantly related Vitissp is often
used by breeders. Breeding efficiency of hybridization between distantly
related species is low, mainly due to differences in chromosome numbers
between different subgenera, which often lead to cross incompatibility and
embryo abortion. However, this problem can be addressed by in ovulo embryo rescue and the technique has been
extensively applied to rescue inherently weak, immature or hybrid embryos to
breed seedless and triploid grapes for the hybridization of distantly related
Vitis sp. It is likely that the breeding of
seedless grapes will still be a major application in the future and more
cultivars of different Vitis sp. such as V.
rotundifolia, V. labrusca
and wild Chinese Vitis sp. (V. amurensis, V yenshanensis, V quinlingenesis, V hancockii, V romanetti), which are resistant to various biotic and
abiotic stresses, are still encouraged to be used
as male parents in hybridizations with V. vinifera
cultivars in order to obtain stress resistant and high quality seedless grapes.In present review of literaturean
effort has been made with an objective to understand how the combination of
distant hybridization with the help of embryo rescue technique together will
be a promising approach to breed novel seedless grape cultivars. Key Words: Distant
Hybridization, embryo rescue, grape, desirable traits |
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198 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 807-811
(2017) Soil test based fertilizer prescription for wheat (Triticum aestivum
L) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)- wheat
cropping system in Inceptisols G. R. Khedikar1,2,
D. S. Kankal*3, V. N. Mishra1 and A. G.Shukla1 1Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur -492 012 (Chhattisgarh), India 2Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth), Hiwara, Gondia, (Maharashtra),
India 3AICRP on Integrated Farming System Research, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola- 444
104 (Maharashtra), India, *e-mail: dskankal@gmail.com (Received:
November 07, 2016; Revised received: July 22, 2017;Accepted: July 30, 2017) |
Abstract: A field experiment was conducted during rabi
season 2010-11for wheat (Triticum aestivum L) crop in rice (Oryza
sativa L.) -wheat cropping system on Inceptisol
of Bastar plateau of
Chhattisgarh. The field was divided into three equal long strips (L0,
L1 and L2) with fertility variation in a Reinforced
Resolvable Block Design of 21 selected treatments of three groups.
Considering soil test vis-à-vis targeted yield concept; based on
Integrated Plant Nutrient Supply (IPNS), fertilizer prescription equations
were developed from basic data of nutrient requirement q-1 grain
production (NR) and nutrient efficiency from soil (ES), fertilizer
(EF) and farm yard manure (EFYM).Mean values (kg ha-1)of
available soil N, P and K were ranged from 230 to 240, 17.26 to 24.98 and 277
to 284 in strips L0, L1 and L2,
respectively, increased with respect to fertility strips from L0
to L2. Plant uptake showed highest increase in mean N, P and K in
strip L2 over strips L0(31.27,
12.59 and 36.65 %,respectively). Strip L1 recorded a highest yield
increase of 38.80 % over strip L0than others. Fertilizer N and P
with FYM showed better efficiency and grain yield (R2 =0.80) than
fertilizer nutrient alone or with other combinations. Contribution towards
uptake of N, P and K was highest of K2O from fertilizer (61.48%)
and lowest was of P2O5 from FYM (3.22%).Fertilizer
prescription equations showed reduced fertilizer requirement with increased
use of FYM and soil test values, resulting in saving of chemical fertilizer. Key Words: Cropping
system, fertilizer prescription, Inceptisol, IPNS,
targeted yield, wheat |
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199 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 812-815
(2017) A solar system model for small farm Atiqur Rahman* and B.P. Bhatt ICAR Research Complex for Eastern
Region, Division of Land and Water Management, Patna-800 014, Bihar, India *e-mail: rahman_patna@yahoo.co.in (Received:
November 07, 2016; Revised received: July 22, 2017;Accepted: July 30, 2017) |
Abstract: Global environmental concerns and increasing demand for
energy are opening up new opportunities for utilization of solar energy in
agriculture. However, despite many potential benefits, applications of solar
energy technologies in agriculture are limited. The foremost reason behind
this limitation is the high initial investment cost and lack of awareness
about systems’ benefits. This paper presents a solar system model suitable
for smallholders those are practicing integrated farming. In this model, a
single solar array fulfilling the energy requirements, for groundwater
pumping, aerating fishpond for improving dissolved oxygen content, washing
cattle shed, humidifying cattle sheds for appropriate microclimate and
supplying pressured water at 1.2 -1.5 kg/cm2 for irrigating crops
by pressured methods of irrigation. Keywords: Solar system, integrated farming, dissolved oxygen, pressured
irrigation, small farm |
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200 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 816-820
(2017) Performance of rice Cultivar (Oryza
sativa L.) to leaf colour chart nitrogen
based management in eastern plane (Uttar Pradesh) Anil
Kumar*, O. P. Rai and Vishuddha
Nand Department
of Agronomy, NDUA&T Kumarganj, Faizabad, pin-224 229, India *e-mail: anildocter@gmail.com (Received:
November 07, 2016; Revised received: July 22, 2017;Accepted: July 30, 2017) |
Abstract: Leaf Colour Chart (LCC) based
Nitrogen Management in Rice conducted by Tamil Nadu Agricultural University
(TNAU), in India, there is a saving of 20-40kg N/ha (44kg-88kg urea/ha) by
using Leaf Colour Chart. From 290 Site Specific
Nutrient Management (SSNM) demonstrations, conducted by TNAU in the Cauvery
delta during 2005-06, it revealed that the increase in grain yield because of
SSNM using LCC ranged from 0.34 to 1.07 tonnes/ha ,
with an average of 0.75 tonnes/ha. Keeping in this
view an experiment was conducted at ND University of Agriculture &
Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad during 2013-14 and 2014-15, using as Split
Plot Design with three replications. Main treatments were comprising three
rice cultivars (PA-6444, PHB-71 and NDR- 359)and sub treatments placed at LCC
nitrogen based management likes, ( recommended dose of nitrogen, 25% N
allocated as FYM+ LCC<3, 25% N basal as Urea + LCC<3, 25% N basal as
FYM+ LCC<4, 25% N basal as Urea+ LCC<4,25% N basal as FYM+ LCC<5 and
25% N basal as Urea + LCC<5). The experiment results revealed that the
yield attribute characters viz, no of
panicle bearing shoot (484.16, 481.58), length of panicle (26.67, 26.57 cm),
grain weight/panicle (4.79, 3.85 g) and test weight (24.48, 23.48 g) was
found significant. The maximum grain yield was obtained with rice cultivar
PA-6444 (65.92-64.51 q/ha) which was superior over NDR-359 (59.01-55.99 q/ha)
and at with par PHB-71(63.85-63.30 q/ha). Among the LCC nitrogen based
management. The highest biological yield was recorded under 25% N basal as
Urea + LCC<5 which was significantly superior over rest of treatments. Key words:LCC, rice, cultivars, FYM, Urea, nitrogen, biological yield and
grain& straw yield |
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201 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 821-823
(2017) Microflora of poultry litter during rearing of broilers
and post-ensiling Jinu Manoj1, Srihari, S.2, Sharma, R.K.2 and
Singh, M.K*3 1Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, 3Department
of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences, SVPUAT, Meerut, India 2Department of Livestock Production and Management, C.C.S.
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India *e-mail: drmanoj611@rediffmail.com (Received:
July 05, 2017; Revised received: August 26, 2017;Accepted: August 29, 2017) |
Abstract: Microflora of litter has potential
health hazards both in animals and humans. The disposal of poultry litter has
become a major problem to the broiler and shell egg industry. The recycling
of poultry litter as a protein rich feed source ensures a safe way of
disposal. Ensiling of litter eliminates the pathogenic organisms as well as
decreases the nutrient loss. In the present study, litter samples were
collected during the rearing stages of broilers and after ensiling. These
samples were processed for the microbiological analysis. The total bacterial
count per gram of the litter were ranged from 1.1 õ 102 to 5.1 õ
107 cfu/g until 6th
week, whereas coliforms and E.coli
were ranged from 2.6 õ 103 to 2.2 õ 106 cfu/g and 3.1 õ 102 to 1.1 õ 103 cfu/g during the day 14 and 42, respectively. A very few
colonies of Salmonella were detected from the 28th
and 42nd day samples after enrichment.
None of the coliforms, E.coli
or Salmonella was found in the ensiled litter and the total bacterial
count was reduced to 1.6 õ 103 CFU per gram of ensiled litter. The
results of the present investigation enlightens the use of ensiling as a
method for eliminating the pathogenic organisms present in the broiler
litter, along with its beneficial use as a livestock feed. Key
words: aerobic plate count, coliforms, E.coli, litter, poultry, Salmonella |
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202 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 824-827
(2017) Awareness and practices
among butchers of unorganised slaughter houses of
Punjab regarding Zoonotic diseases Amritpal Singh1 and Prateek Jindal*2 1Veterinary Officer, CVH- KheriGurna,
District Patiala, India; 2School of Public Health and Zoonoses, GADVASU, Ludhiana, India *e-mail: jindalvet@gmail.com (Received:
August 03, 2017; Revised received: September 14, 2017;Accepted: September 18,
2017) |
Abstract: The aim of the study was to access
the awareness regarding zoonotic disease and
related practices among butchers of Punjab, India. A questionnaire-based
study was conducted.The work was conducted on
butchers of Punjab region in India which were selected randomly. Different
districts of Punjab were targeted while randomly selecting the butchers.A total of 100 butchers were
interviewed with a questionnaire. The respondents were presented with a
structured questionnaire with 20 competence items of information on awareness
and practices in regard to zoonotic diseases.The results demonstrated that the very small
percentage of butchers (11%) knew about the concept of zoonoses.
Twenty seven percent of the butchers stated that they were aware that the
mentioned diseases can cause death in animals and more than 80% butchers
still don’t use gloves or any kind of safety gears. More than 90% respondents
indicated that they needed proper training programmes to upgrade their
knowledge on zoonoses.It can be concluded that the
major proportion of butchers had very poor awareness and attituderegarding
zoonotic diseases. Therefore, there is a dire need
to educate butchers through awareness campaigns and training programmes. It
will be important to upgrade the knowledge of all respondents as this will
help into preventing as well as control diseases. Keywords: Awareness, Information, Butchers, Slaughterhouse, Zoonoses |
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203 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 828-831
(2017) Seroprevalence of typhoid fever in the rural community of
Saharanpur (U.P.), India Kuldeep Rana1 and Harish Chandra2 1Department of Microbiology, Mewar
University, Gangraar, Chittorgarh-312901,
Rajasthan, India 2*High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre,
H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal-246174
(Uttarakhand), India *e-mail: hreesh5@gmail.com (Received:
August 14, 2017; Revised received: September 24, 2017;Accepted: September 29,
2017) |
Abstract: Typhoid fever is curable disease
and can be cured by using certain antibiotics but due to the emergence of
multi drug resistance Salmonella Typhi, it
is very difficult to manage the disease in rural areas where economic condition of peoples are not very good. People of the
village are not in a state to bear the expenses of new generation drugs. It
is a big challenge for the medical practitioner to control the spread of
multi drug resistant S. Typhi. It should be
controlled through awareness among peoples for good sanitation practices as
well as induction of mass immunization program in rural areas. The present
study was conducted to know the prevalence of typhoid fever in different
places of Saharanpur and also the gender distribution of typhoid fever. Out
of 320 samples investigated for typhoid 255 samples were found positive for
typhoid-specific antigens. Out of 255 blood samples screened only 42 samples
were found culture positive, 99 and 156 samples are positive for male and
female respectively. The incidence of higher typhoid cases was reported in
the age 31-40 years followed by 21-30 years. Keywords: Typhoid fever, S. Typhi, Multi
drug resistant |
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204 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 832-835
(2017) Distribution of available
micronutrient in soils of areca plantations Nagaveni, H. C.1, C. T. Subbarayappa2
and Parshuram Chandravanshi3
1Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
College of Horticulture, Mudigere, India 2Dept. of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, India; 3ZAHRS, Babbur
farm, Hiriyur, India *e-mail: nagu.hcsn@gmail.com (Received:
August 16, 2017; Revised received: September 22, 2017;Accepted: September 28,
2017) |
Abstract: A survey was conducted in the areca
growing tracts of Davangere districts in 2014 to
assess the status of available micronutrients like Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) and Boron (B)in both surface and subsurface soils at university of
agricultural sciences GKVK Bangalore. The soils were sandy clay loam to sandy
clay loam in texture and neutral to alkaline in reaction with low Electrical
conductivity (EC) and medium to higher content of organic carbon (OC).
Available micronutrient status of iron, magnesium, Copper, zinc and boron
were ranged from 7.44 to 28.28, 3.64 to 28.16, 0.22 to 3.36, 1.06 to 5.40 and
0.04 to 0.59 ppm in surface soil samples and 3.32
to 23.48, 2.01 to 26.36, 0.15 to 2.14, 0.65 to 4.75 and 0.08 to 1.05 ppm in subsurface soils, respectively. Based on the
critical limits prescribed for various micronutrients i.
e, Iron (4.5 ppm), Manganese (2.00 ppm), Zinc (0.6 ppm), Copper
(0.2 ppm) and Boron (0.5 ppm),
It was observed that 2.86% of the areas sampled were deficient in available
zinc and 98.14 % in available boron. Available Cu and B showed a significant
negative correlation with pH whereas significantly positive correlation was
noticed between pH and available Fe, Mn and Zn
Available Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu showed significantly
positive correlation with CEC. But B showed signicantly
negative correlation. Available Cu and Mn showed a
significant and negative correlation with clay whereas significantly positive
correlation with Fe, Zn and B. All the available micronutrients showed
significantly positive correlation with organic carbon. Keywords: Critical limit, Deficiency, Micronutrients, Surface soils,
subsurface soils |
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205 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 836-841
(2017) Effect of different
chemicals on induction of dormancy in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) Priyanka Singh, V.K.Chourasiya, Ruchi Bajpai, Manish Pandey and R.D.S.Yadav Department of Seed Science
& Technology, N.D.U.A &T. Kumarganj,
Faizabad-224 229, India *e-mail: priyanka.agkanpur@gmail.com (Received: August 24, 2017; Revised received: September 20, 2017;Accepted:
September 25, 2017) |
Abstract: Effect of growth regulators and retardants on
sprouting percentage and seed quality parameters of two genotypes of mung bean was investigated. Two genotypes i.e Pusa vishal
and HUM16 were treated with six chemicals (MH@100ppm, ABA@50ppm, GA3@80ppm,
KNO3 @10mm & H2O2@1mm) included
with control(simulated water). The treatment were applied on different growth stage i.e 50 and 60 days after flowering. The treatment of MH
and ABA acid were found inhibitory effect on both genotypes against sprouting
while GA3 were showed increasing percentage of sprouting and other
two treatments were negative performance as comparison to MH and ABA .thus
the application of maleic hydrazide
and abscisic acid could be use full for inducing
the dormancy in mung bean against sprouting under
storage as well as field condition along with maintaining all seed quality
parameters. Keywords: Growth
regulators, Mung bean, Dormancy |
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206 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (10) 842-844
(2017) Production potentiality of
mustard under paddy fallow in northern dry
zone of Karnataka Ramesha, Y.M.*1, Manjunath Bhanuvally2
and Ashok Kumar Gaddi2 1Department of Agronomy, 2Department of Soil
Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India *e-mail: rameshaym@gmail.com (Received:
August 27, 2017; Revised received: September 25, 2017;Accepted: September 29,
2017) |
Abstract: A large scale demonstration was taken during Rabi 2015
and 2016 on production potentiality of mustard under paddy fallow in northern
dry zone of Karnataka, India in five locations at farmer’s field in Siruguppa Taluk, Bellary
District of Karnataka. Results showed that, the yield performance of mustard
under paddy fallow was significantly varied in different locations. Among
different locations, L2 recorded significantly higher seed yield (4.52 q/ha)
and which was onpar with the L1 (4.29 q/ha) over to
other locations. This might be due to variety used and crop management
practices adopted by the different farmers. Further, variety NRCHB-101
recorded significantly higher seed yield (4.29 q/ha) compared to other
varieties. However, yield components viz., number of primary and
secondary branches, numbers of siliqua per plant,
number of seeds per siliqua and seed yield per
plant were also higher in L2 compared to other four locations. It indicates
that, mustard can also grow in northern dry zone of Karnataka. Key words:
Mustard, seed yield, Economics, Farmers field |