RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-10, Number-6, June-2017
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122 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 491-493
(2017) Studies
on variability, heritability and genetic advance for quantitative traits in
sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes Reena Rani, R.K. Sheoran and Bunty Sharma* Department
of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar *e-mail:
sharmabunty097@gmail.com (Received: June 12, 2016; Revised received:
December 04, 2016;Accepted: December 22, 2016) |
Abstract: Ninety genotypes
of sunflower of different agro-ecological origins were evaluated for the
estimation of proportion of variability, broad sense heritability, predicted
genetic advance and genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Data
were recorded on five selected plants for yield and yield attributing traits.
Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were observed as the
highest for seed yield per plant, followed by seed filling percentage and
100-seed weight and moderate for plant height, hull content, head diameter,
protein content and stem girth. High heritability was reported for all the
traits, except stem girth and head diameter. Higher values of GA as percent of
mean were observed for seed yield per plant
(93.79), plant height (28.95), head diameter (20.58), 100-seed weight
(54.24), seed filling percentage (60.94), hull
content (28.25) and protein content (23.59). High heritability associated
with high GA was recorded for seed yield per plant (93.64), 100-seed weight
(86.15), seed filling percentage (98.15), hull
content (96.96), plant height (87.65) and protein content (92.16). Hence,
these traits should be preferred for sunflower improvement programme. Key words: Variability, Helianthus
annuus, Heritability and genetic advance |
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123 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 494-496
(2017) Study
on epicuticular wax content variability in
temperate maize lines as a drought tolerance related mechanism Z.A.
Dar*1, M.S. Sheshsayee2, A.A. Lone4, Pratibha, M.D2, J.A. Khan3, I. Abidi4, M. Ahmed4, M.
Habib4, Pradeep Kumar Singh4, B. Afoza4 and Faheema Mushtaq4 1DARS, Budgam (SKUAST-K), 2Department of Crop Physiology, 3Departement of Plant
Biotechnology, GKVK, UAS-Bangalore-560065, India 4Division of Vegetable Science
SKUAST-Kashmir Shalimar Srinagar, India *e-mail:
zahoorpbg@gmail.com (Received: July 09, 2016; Revised received:
December 01, 2016;Accepted: December 11, 2016) |
Abstract: Plant Epiculticular waxes, which covers the outer surface of
aerial plant tissue forms the last defensive barrier of plant, playing
important role in drought tolerance. In the present study, thirty genotypes
of Maize (Zea mays)
which includedtwentyeight inbredlinesandtwochecks
maintainedat D(K)ARS,SKUAST-K
were used to analyse the genetic variability for epicuticular wax content (ECW)in leaves. Special
structures were built for growing maize germplasm
and calorimetric assay was performed to quantify the ECW in leaves.
Accordingly, the EWC ranged from 1.56 (KDM-921A) µg/cm2 to 7.54 (KDM-954)
µg/cm2 with a mean of 4.25 µg/cm2.The frequency distribution also indicated
the spread of genotypes across the mean to suggest the existence of an
appreciable genetic variability for EWC in maize genotypes which displayed
significant genetic variability and hence having the differential capacity to
withstand environmental stress. Key words: Maize, Epiculticular Wax, Drought, Variability |
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124 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 497-500
(2017) Correlation and divergence analysis
in wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.em. Thell) Tejasvi Singh*, Vinod Singh, Anuj Kumar, S.K. Yadav and Snehanshu Singh Department
of Genetics and Plant Breeding, N.D. Universityof
Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj,
Faizabad-224229, India *e-mail-
tejasvisingh1991@gmail.com (Received: April 14, 2016; Revised
received: December 13, 2016;Accepted: December 17, 2016) |
Abstract: This experiment
was carried out with 104 indigenous genotypes elite lines of bread wheat
along with four checks for genetic variability, character association anddivergence analysisin
Augmented Block Design which was divided into 5 blocks of equal size. Eachblock had 24 plots of test entries along with 4
checks. The trial was conducted at Main Experiment Station Research Farm of Narendra Deva University of
Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U.P.). during Rabi 2013-14 The characters
studied were days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height,
tillers / plant, spike length, flag leaf area, peduncle length, 1000-grain
weight, biological yield / plant, harvest index and grain yield / plant. A
very strong positive association of grain yield / plant was observed with
biological yield / plant followed by harvest index, tillers / plant, peduncle
length and plant height. The characters showing highly significant positive
correlation with seedyield and its components
suggested that during selection these characters may be given due to
importance for developing high yielding varieties. The Flag leaf area, days
to maturity and test weight showed non significant
negative correlation with grain yield / plant. The 100 indigenous lines and 4
check varieties of wheat were grouped into 11 distinct clusters by using non
hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis. It indicated the existence of high
degree of genetic diversity present in the varieties / lines. Therefore,
these varieties / lines may serve as valuable source for selection of diverse
parents. Maximum intra-cluster distance was found for cluster-VI followed by
cluster-XI, the minimum intra-cluster distance was recorded for cluster-VII
followed by cluster-II. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed
between cluster-IV and cluster-XI followed by cluster-III and cluster-XI. The
lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster-I and cluster-II
followed by cluster-VII and cluster-IX. Hence, crosses should be made between
these widely related genotypes located in intra and inter cluster distances,
to get desirable extant ofheterotic potential. Key words: Wheat, Character
association, Diversity, Cluster |
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125 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 501-504
(2017) Studies
on nitrogen substitution through organics and foliar application of
water soluble fertilizers on yield and nutrient uptake by chilli
(Capsicum annuumL.)
in a Vertisol T.
Thulasiramireddy*, B.I. Bidari,
P.L. Patil and M.V. Manjunatha Department
of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad-580005, Karnataka, India *e-mail:
thulasi097@gmail.com (Received: July 18, 2016; Revised received:
December 11, 2016;Accepted: December 18, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted during kharif 2013-14
and 2014-15 on Byadgi chilli
by substituting fertilizer nitrogen with different sources of organic manures
along with foliar application of water soluble fertilizers to study the yield
and nutrient uptake by chilli. The experiment
consists of four main treatments as organics, M1- Recommended
Package of Practices (RPP)- {Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF) + 25 t ha-1
FYM}, M2- 50 per cent N through FYM + 50 per cent inorganic N, M3-
50 per cent N through VC + 50 per cent inorganic N, M4- 50 per
cent N through FYM and VC + 50 per cent inorganic N and four sub treatments
as water soluble fertilizers, S1- KNO3 @ 1 per cent, S2-
K2SO4 @ 1 per cent, S3- 19:19:19 @ 1 per
cent, S4- KNO3+ K2SO4+ 19:19:19
each @ 1 per cent along with one control ( RPP + water spray) with three
replications. The design adopted was split plot. Results revealed that 50 per
cent substitution of N through vermicompost
recorded highest fruit yield (9.79 q ha-1), nitrogen uptake
(45.66, 53.88 and 118.8 kg ha-1 at 75, 105 and 140 Days After
Transplanting (DAT) respectively), phosphorus uptake (7.63, 9.17 and 21.66 kg
ha-1 at 75, 105 and 140 DAT respectively) and potassium uptake
(72.51, 112.80 and 178.00 kg ha-1 at 75, 105 and 140 DAT
respectively) followed by 50 per cent substitution of N through vermicompost + FYM (FarmYard
Manure). Foliar application of KNO3+K2SO4+19:19:19
water soluble fertilizers each at one per cent recorded highest yield and
nutrient uptake compared to individual application of water soluble
fertilizers. Key words: Organic manures,
Water soluble fertilizers, Nutrient uptake by chilli |
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126 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6)
505-506(2017) Effect of nitrogen on Antirrhinum (Antirrhinum
majus L.) Shabab Alam Khan and Ashok Kumar Dept.
of Floriculture and Landscape, College of Horticulture & Forestry, N.D.
Univ. of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad-224229 India *e-mail: akmnduat@yahoo.com (Received: September 01, 2016; Revised
received: January 27, 2017;Accepted: January 31, 2017) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted during winter season of 2014-2015. The experiment was laid out
in randomized Block Design with 11 treatments comprising of nitrogen (0, 5,
10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50 kg/ha). Results revealed that maximum
plant height at spike initiation stage was (39.33 cm), plant spread (25.43
cm), number of branches (12.66) number of leaves (402.20) were recorded at
nitrogen 50 kg per hectare. Higher nitrogen levels enhances days in spike
initiation (65.66 days), however duration of flowering was enhanced (100.33
days), length of spike (43.66 cm), number of florets per spike (32.33),
number of spike per plant (10.66), number of spike per ha (15.1 lacks), spike
yield per ha (300.90 q) and vase life (12.66 days). Key words: Nitrogen,
Antirrhinum, Growth, Yield, Vase life |
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127 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6)
507-512(2017) Cost
effective production of cellulase using wheat bran
from Bacillus subtilis BM1 and encoding
endo-beta-1,4-glucanase producing gene Sanjeev Kumar, Nivedita Sharma and Shruti Pathania* Microbiology Research Laboratory, Dept. of
Basic Science, Dr. Y.S.P. Univ. of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan (HP)-173230, India *e-mail:
shrutipathania89@gmail.com (Received: July 25,
2016; Revised received: January 28, 2017;Accepted: February 04, 2017) |
Abstract: The objective of
the present study was isolation screening and characterization of cellulase producing efficient strain, the optimization of
different process parameters was done under submerged fermentation for hyper cellulase production. the bacterial strain was isolated
from humus rich compost sample and identified as Bacillus subtilis BM1 based on its 16sRNA producing 1.02 IU/ml
of cellulase in Riviere
medium. The effect of media, pH, inoculum size, carbon source, different concentration of carbon and
incubation time was studied. The maximum cellulase
production of 4.05 IU/ml (FPase 0.25 IU, CMCase 1.60 IU and b-glucosidase)
was observed at optimal condition in basal salt medium, 6 pH with inoculum size of 10%, wheat bran as a carbon source at a
concentration of 0.75% after incubation at 45oC for 72h thus Bacillus
subtilis BM1 served as a potential strain for cellulase production. Encoding of genes responsible for cellulase production was done using gradient PCR. Key words: Cellulase, Submerged fermentation, Optimization, Gene
encoding, Bacillus subtilis |
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128 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 513-515
(2017) Studies on variability analysis for
yield and yield attributes in ridge gourd [Luffaacutangula L. (Roxb.)]
germplasm Pushpendra Kumar1*, V.B. Singh1, C.N. Ram1, Deepak Kumar Gautam1 and Rajesh Kumar2 1Department of
Vegetable Science, 2Department of
Horticulture, NDUA&T, Kumarganj,
Faizabad-224229, India *e-mail:
pkgoyal4699@gmail.com (Received: July 02, 2016; Revised received:
December 14, 2016;Accepted: December 19, 2016) |
Abstract: The present
investigation conducted with objective to assess the genetic variability
among thirty two genotypes of ridge gourd for eleven traits viz., node number
to anthesis of first staminate flower,node
number to anthesis of first pistillate
flower, days to anthesis of first staminate flower,
days to anthesis of first pistillate
flower, days to first fruit harvest, average fruit length (cm), average fruit
diameter (cm), number of fruits per plant, averagefruit
weight (g),total fruit yield/plant (kg) and vine length (m).The results of
present studies indicate top five varieties showed highest fruit yield per
plant was NDRG-9 followed by NDRG-19, NDRG-1, NDRG-44, NDRG-6. Besides, these
germplasm also possessed average to high mean
performance for most of the yield components. The data recorded on eleven
quantitative characters were subjected to analysis of variance to test the
significance of difference among the genotypes. Analysis of variance showed
that the mean square due to genotypes were highly significant for all the
eleven characters. The higher magnitude of coefficient of variation at
genotypic as well as phenotypic levels were observed higher for node number
to anthesis of first staminate flower followed by
total fruit yield per plant and node number to anthesis
of first pistillate flower while days to first
fruit harvest had lowest coefficients of variation. The presences of high
heritability in broad sense were observed for all the character except days
to anthesis of first staminate flower. Moderate
heritability and high genetic advance in per cent of mean was recorded for
node number to anthesis of first staminate flower
followed by node number to anthesis of first pistillate flower, fruit length and fruit yield/plant
showing additive gene affect and very good response to selection for improving
above yield and yield contributing traits. Key words: Ridge gourd, PCV,
GCV, Genetic advance, Heritability |
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129 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 516-520
(2017) Standardization of seed storage behaviour on germinability in Myrica esculenta
(Kaphal): An endangered medicinal plant of Indian
Himalaya Ganga Datt* and J.S. Chauhan Department
of Seed Science and Technology, School of Agriculture & Allied Sciences,
HNB Garhwal University (A
Central University), Srinagar Garhwal-246174, Uttarakhand,
India *e-mail:
kuniyalganga54@gmail.com (Received: January 05, 2017; Revised
received: May 24, 2017;Accepted: May 28, 2017) |
Abstract: In the present
study, the effect of storage behaviour of M. esculenta seeds on germination, seedling emergence
and suitable seed storage conditions to retain viability were
standardized. The five storage containers i.e., earthen pots (C1),
plastic jars (C2), canvas bags (C3), polythene bags (C4)
and tin boxes (C5) and four temperature regimes i.e., (20–25 0C)
(room temperature, T1), 0 ± 1 0C (T2), - 4 ±
1 0C (T3) and 10 ± 1 0C (T4) were
tested. The storage devices preserve and retain viability significantly (P<0.05)
trend of C1>C3>C2>C4>C5
and T2>T3>T4>T1 in the
species when the seeds were stored for 2-6 months of storage period, it was
confirmed using quick viability test. Similarly, the mean germination and
seedling emergence were also decreased as the same trends. However, the
interaction effect of earthen pots under 0 ± 1 0C temperature
regime (C1T2) maintained significantly (P<0.05)
maximum germinability after 2 months (53.75%)
followed by C2T2 and C3T2 (51.00
and 46.25%, respectively) as compared to other storage conditions and minimum
germinability showed in 6 months old seeds stored
in tin boxes at 10 ± 1 0C (C5T4) as 1.75%.
Notably, a sharp decline in germinability and
seedling emergence were recorded in seeds stored in all the storage
containers placed at different temperature regime after 2 to 6 months of
storage. The implementation of these results must be suggested for
conservational management aspects, especially nursery development and
sustainable utilization to maintain diversity of M. esculenta
in Himalayan Regions. Key words: Germinability, Field emergence,
Storage behaviour, Viability, Ex-situ conservation,
Endangered |
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130 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 521-526(2017) Weed suppression through canopy and
herbicidal management in short duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.)
based intercropping systems Dhananjai Singh*1 and Thomas Abraham2 1Linseed coordinating unit, C.S. Azad
University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002, India 2Department of
Agronomy, Allahabad School of Agriculture, S.H.U.A.T.& S., Allahabad-211
007, India *e-mail:
dhananjai.csa@gmail.com (Received: August 29, 2016; Revised
received: January 22, 2017;Accepted: January 27, 2017) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted during kharif season of 2005
and 2006 at crop research farm, Department of Agronomy, Allahabad School of
Agriculture, Sam Higginbottom University of
Agricultural, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad (U. P) to evaluate studies
on weed suppression through canopy and herbicidal management in short
duration pigeonpea [Cajanus
cajan (L.) based intercropping systems. The
treatment comprised offour cropping system viz.
, pigeonpea sole, pigeonpea
+ greengram (1:3), pigeonpea
+ blackgram (1:3) andpigeonpea
+ cowpea (1:1) and five weed control measures viz., unweeded check, one hand weeding at 25 DAS, two hand
weeding at 25 DAS and 50 DAS,alachlor (1.5 kg ha-1)
andpendimethalin (1.0 kg ha-1). Results
showed that cropping system pigeonpea + cowpea
(1:1) increased the seed yield of pigeonpea by
4.18, 1.76 and 9.03% in comparison to pigeonpea+blackgram
(1:3), pigeonpea+greengram(1:3) and pigeonpea sole,
respectively. Growth and yield attributes of pigeonpea
were significantly higher when pigeonpea was intercropped
with cowpea (1:1) in comparison to other cropping systems during both years.
Weed control treatments two hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAS recorded lowest
weed density and dry matter of weeds at 30, 60 and 90 DAS in comparison to
one hand weeding at 25 DAS, alachlor (1.5kg ha-1)
and Pendimethalin (1.0 kg ha-1 ) during
both years. Whereas, weed density and dry weight of monocot and dicot weeds were maximum in unweeded
check during both the years. There was significant effect of interaction
between cropping system and weed control measures on seed yield of pigeonpea during both years. The treatment combination of
pigeonpea+cowpea (1:1) with two hand weeding at 25
and 50 DAS recorded significantly maximum seed yield of pigeonpea
and pigeonpea equivalent yield during both the
years. This treatment combination also recorded lowest density of monocot and
dicot weeds as well as dry matter of weeds during
both years. Key word: Cropping system,
Weed control measures, Pigeonpea equivalent yield,
Dry matter accumulation of weeds |
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131 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 527-530
(2017) Site specific nutrient
management in sugarcane for yield maximization Ramesha, Y.M.*1, Manjunatha Bhanuvally2, Ashok Kumar Gaddi2 and Krishnamurthy,
D.1 1Department of
Agronomy, 2Department of Soil
Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University
of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur-584 102, Karnataka, India *e-mail:
rameshaym@gmail.com (Received: December 15, 2016;
Revised received: May 04, 2017;Accepted: May 09, 2017) |
Abstract: An experiment was
carried out during rabi 2013-14 and 2014-15
in deep black soil to study the site specific nutrient management (SSNM) in
sugarcane for yield maximization. Results revealed that, Co-86032 was onpar with 2003-V-46 with respect to cane yield. Among
the SSNM treatments, application of fertilizer as per the SSNM with the
target yield of 250 t/ha recorded significantly higher millable
cane yield (188 t/ha) and green top yield (19.2 t/ha) and which was onpar with the application of fertilizer as per the SSNM
with the target yield of 200 t/ha (173 and 17.5 t/ha, respectively) compared
to other SSNM treatment and recommended dose of fertilizer application.
Whereas, variety Co-86032 along with the application of fertilizer as per the
SSNM with the target yield of 250 t/ha recorded significantly higher millable cane yield (190 t/ha) and green top yield (19.9
t/ha) and which was onpar with the variety
2003-V-46 along with the application of fertilizer as per the SSNM with the
target yield of 250 t/ha (186 and 18.5 t/ha, respectively). Key words: Sugarcane,
Varieties, SSNM, Millable cane yield |
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132 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 531-533
(2017) Growth
characters of Dendrobium orchid as influenced by various inorganic nutrient
mixtures J.
Jiji Allen1* and M. Kannan2 Department
of Floriculture and Landscaping, HC&RI, TNAU, Coimbatore-641003, India *e-mail:
daffodils.jiju@gmail.com (Received: August 01, 2015; Revised
received: January 14, 2016;Accepted: January 18, 2016) |
Abstract: An experiment was
conducted to study the effect of inorganic nutrient mixtures on growth
characters of Dendrobium orchid.
One-year-old plants of Dendrobium orchid
hybrid Emma White were used for the experiment. Thirteen treatment
combinations with six different inorganic nutrient mixtures at two different
concentrations as foliar spray and control (water spray) were applied at
weekly interval in a Completely Randomised Design
with two replications. The commercial nutrient mixture 30:10:10 (Plantafol) (0.4%) resulted in highest plant
height(33.60cm), internodal length (4.56 cm), leaf
length (13.98 cm), leaf width (4.11cm), leaf area (42.32 cm2),
total chlorophyll content (0.74 mg/g) and leaf nitrogen content (2.37%).
While shoot diameter (11.43 mm) was found highest in the plants treated with
combination of 0.4% 12:61:0 and 13:0:45.Therefore foliar spray of 4% (30:10:10)
is recommended for better growth of Dendrobium
orchid cv. Emma white. Key words: Growth, Inorganic
nutrients, Dendrobium, Emma white |
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133 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 534-537
(2017) Temperature regimes influences on
antioxidants and cell membrane stability during reproductive phases of
chickpea (Cicer arietinum
L.) genotypes M.K.
Rathod*, B.A. Kiran, V.P.
Chimmad, B.O. Kiran and
K.V. Asha Department
of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture, University of agricultural
sciences, Dharwad-580005, Karnataka, India *e-mail:
mukeshkrathore417@gmail.com (Received: July 01, 2016; Revised received:
December 18, 2016;Accepted: December 22, 2016) |
Abstract: Global temperature
is increasing possibly due to climate change, which would have detrimental
effects on agricultural crops being grown in arid and semi-arid regions. A
field experiment was conducted during rabi,
with three genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14) as influenced by five
sowing dates (D). The investigation revealed that the genotype, JG-14 under D5
temperature regime recorded significantly maximum catalase
activity (24.21 I.U.) at 15 days after 50 per cent flowering, whereas
Annigeri-1 and JG-11 recorded significantly minimum pollen sterility per cent
under D1 and D2 temperature regimes at 50 per cent
flowering (11.08 and 15.49 I.U.). Similar increasing in activity pattern was
recorded in case of guaiacol peroxidase
activity too, as followed in catalase activity
during all the growth stages and this may be due to the increased in
difference of Tmax and Tmin under late sown conditions,
significantly maximum guaiacol peroxidase
activity was found in JG-11 (1.73 I.U.) and JG-14 (2.03 I.U.) under D4
and D5 temperature regimes. Eventually, Annigeri-1, under the
lateral temperature regimes recorded significantly maximum
(34.39%) membrane stability index (MSI) throughout the growth stages,
whereas, JG-14 under the D1 and D2 temperature regimes
recorded significantly minimum (21.54 and 21.87 %) membrane stability index
(MSI) and the increasing trend was followed for MSI from D1 to D5
temperature regimes and from flowering to maturity. Apparently, JG-14
recorded comparatively higher catalase (24.21 I.U.)
and guaiacol peroxidase
(2.03 I.U.) activity than JG-11 (13.69 and 1.38 I.U. respectively) and
Annigeri-1 (11.08 and 0.85 I.U. respectively) under the late sown conditions.
Similarly, JG-14 kept the cellular membrane systems functional during the
heat stress and experienced average higher yield and proved to be best
genotype under the late sown and higher temperature conditions for maximum
yield under all temperature regimes. Key words: Antioxidants, Cell
membrane stability, Chickpea, Reproductive phase and Temperature regime |
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134 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 538-540(2017) Identification
and in-vitro antibiogram of bacterial
pathogens from bovine mastitis in and around
Meerut, India Harshit Verma*, Rajeev Singh, Shriya Rawat, Vikas Jaiswal, P.S. Maurya and D.K. Yadav College
of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, S.V. Patel University of Agriculture and
Technology, Modipurum, Meerut-250110, U.P., India *e-mail:
dr_harshitverma@yahoo.co.in (Received: August 08, 2016; Revised
received: December 14, 2016;Accepted: December 18, 2016) |
Abstract: The objective of
this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different antibiotics against
mastitis causing microorganisms in and around Meerut. A total of 100 milk
samples from mastitic cases were cultured and bacteriologically evaluated. All the bacteria isolated
through microbiological procedures were subjected to antimicrobial
susceptibility test by disc diffusion method to a twelve number of
antibiotics. The major prevalent pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (45.45%), E. coli (21.59%), Streptococcus
sp. (2.27%), Pseudomonas sp. (1.14%), Proteus sp. (4.55%) and
mixed infection (20.45%). The result revealed that gentamicin
(59.09%) was the most effective antibiotic followed by amoxicillin+sulbactum
(54.55%), cefotaxime+clavulanic acid (52.27%)
ciprofloxacin (46.59%), enrofloxacin (45.45%), and ampicillin+sulbactum (40.91%). Maximum resistance was
observed against ampicillin+cloxacillin (26.14%)
followed with oxytetracycline (34.09%) and
streptomycin (30.68%). Key words: Mastitis,
Antimicrobial, Staphylococcus sp., Disk diffusion |
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135 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 541-545
(2017) Impact of Sclerotinia-rot
on Brassica juncea
under different agronomic practices Rajender Singh*1, Mamta1and Dhiraj Singh2 Department
of Plant Pathology, Chaudhary Charan
Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125004, India *ICAR
Directorate of rapeseed and mustard research, Bharatpur,
India *e-mail:
rsb1965@gmail.com (Received: August 01, 2015; Revised
received: January 14, 2016;Accepted: January 18, 2016) |
Abstract: A comprehensive
survey for stem rot ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of Indian mustard was carried out in
farmer fields during December to March (2005-2013) in different district of
Haryana (Ambala, Bhiwani,
Faridabad, Fatehabad, Gurgaon,
Hisar, Jhajjar, Jind, Kaithal, Karnal, Kurukshetra, Mahendergarh, Mewat, Rewari, Sirsa, Sonipat, Rohtak and Yamuna
Nagar). Maximum Sclerotinia rot
incidence 16.7% was recorded in Mahendergarh
district and least of 2.5% in Yamuna Nagar. Sclerotinia
rot incidence was significantly and positively correlated with sulphur deficiency (0.48). Highest disease incidence
(28.6%) was observed in 11th Oct.-25
Oct. sowing followed by early sown (15.0%) and late sown (8.1%). Growth
parameters viz. plant height (156 to 140 cm), primary branches (6.3 to
4.0), secondary branches (16.9 to12.55) dry matter accumulation yield (14.75
to 9.5q/ha) and yield attributing character, yield (9.92 to 6.98 q/ha) and
oil content (29.00 to 25.33%) of Indian mustard were also significantly less
within 11th Oct.-25 Oct. as compared to
other date of sowing due to more incidence of Sclerotinia
rot. Crop geometry do have influence on disease development, high disease
incidence15.42% was observed in dense row plant spacing (30x10cm) followed by
15.00% disease incidence in 45x10cm plant spacing. Plant growth and
development were also significantly less with 30x10cm as compared to other
spacing due to more incidence of Sclerotinia
rot. Minimum disease incidence (8.1%) was observed in sorghum-wheat-pearlmillet-mustard cropping sequence. Growth parameters,
yield attributing character, yield and oil content of Indian mustard were
also significantly more in sorghum-wheat-pearlmillet-mustard
cropping sequence as compared to other. Test weight, oil content and total
protein content decreased drastically upto 66.37%,
34.70% and 38.95%, respectively at early seed development stage of infection.
Fatty acid composition was also adversely affected by it. Oleic acid and erucic acid reduced by 17.46% and 18.12%, respectively,
whereas, palmitic acid, stearic
acid, linoleic acid, linolenic
acid and eicosenoic acid increased by 63.05, 23.07,
48.55, 23.25 and 14.24%, respectively depending upon stage ofinfection. Key words: Agronomic
practices, Growth, Yield, Quality, Indian mustard, Sclerotinia
rot |
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136 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 546-549
(2017) Influence of
spacing and organics on growth, yield and quality of arid legume moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] S.N.O.
Sadashivanagowda*1, S.C. Alagundagi1, A.N. Bagali2 and
B.T. Nadagouda1
1Department of
Agronomy and 2Department of
Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005,
Karnataka, India *e-mail:
sadayogikrishi@gmail.com (Received: August
01, 2015; Revised received: January 14, 2016;Accepted: January 18, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted to study the effect of spacing and organics on growth, yield
and quality of moth bean genotypes during kharif
2013. The experiment was laid out in Randomised
Complete Block Design with factorial concept and replicated thrice. There
were 14 treatments including 12 treatment combinations involving three moth
bean genotypes (MBS 27, BJMB 1 and local), two spacing (30 cm x 10 cm and 45
cm x 10 cm) andtwo organics (2.5 t ha-1 FYM
and 1 t ha-1 vermi compost) along with
two controls (local variety at 30 cm x 10 cm spacing with 10:20 kg N:P2O5
ha-1and local variety at 30 cm x 10 cm spacing with 10:20:10
kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1). The local
moth bean genotype gave significantly higher seed yield (796 kg ha-1)
at wider row spacing of 45 cm x 10 cmcompared to 30
cm x 10 cm. Application of 1 t vermi compostper ha recorded significantly higher seed yield
(714 kg ha-1) compared to 2.5 t FYM per ha. The interaction of moth
bean local variety at spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm with application of 2.5 t FYM
per ha produced significantly higher seed yield (983 kg ha-1),
effective nodule number per plant (10.26), nodule weight (5 mg plant-1),
total dry matter at harvest (95.74 g plant-1), seed yield (17.60 g
plant-1) and crude protein yield (234 kg ha-1) compared
to other interactions. It can be concluded that for dry land situation,
interaction of local moth bean genotype can be recommended at a spacing of 45
cm x 10 cm with 2.5 t FYM per ha application. Key words: Moth bean,
Spacing, Organics, Growth, Yield, Seed quality parameters |
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137 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 550-553
(2017) Sustainable
sugarcane production through judicious nutrient application – An economic
analysis Shubham Lamba*1, K.S. Grewal1 and Vijay Kumar2 1Department of Soil Science, 2Regional Research
Station, CCS Haryana Agricultural University-125004, India *e-mail:
shubham.hau@gmail.com (Received: August 12, 2016; Revised
received: January 14, 2017;Accepted: January 20, 2017) |
Abstract: It has been
observed in the nation and in Haryana that the area under sugarcane
cultivation is shrinking since farmers are shifting from sugarcane
cultivation to other crops due to various issues. On the other hand sugar
industries are unable to meet out the increasing demand of sugar and by
products due to various sugarcane production related
issues. The present study examinedthe profitability
on the basis of benefit-cost analysis, nutrient fertilization for enhancing
the productivity of sugarcane and overall effect on the yield and
corresponding economic returns. After experimentation and thorough
investigation, it has been found that application of NPKS + Fe + Mn + Zn had provided better returns both in quantity
(83.2 t ha-1 cane yield) and quality (9.96 t ha-1 sugar
yield) which helped in better returns to the farmer and desirable sugar
production for the processing industry.The results
of the research workenhanced the possibility of upliftment of farmers’ livelihood and fulfilment
of sugar industries demand so that farmers will not shift from sugarcane
cultivation and sugar industries could also be facilitated with enough supply
of quality canes. Key words: Economics,
Nutrients, Sugar, Sugarcane, Sustainability |
|
138 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 554-556
(2017) Seed
ageing and deterioration during storage of pearlmillet
hybrid along with their parental
line Ankush Gupta*, R.C. Punia and O.S. Dhaiya Department
of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University,
Hisar-125004, Haryana, India *e-mail:
ankushgupta1010@gmail.com (Received: July 21, 2015; Revised received:
January 02, 2017;Accepted: January 5, 2017) |
Abstract: Investigations
were carried to determine the extent of loss in seed viability of pearl
millet hybrid along with their parental A and B line during storage under
different environments and containers. The results demonstrated that the
extent of ageing and consequent deterioration varied considerably with the
storage conditions, containers and genotypes, being acute under ambient
conditions within cloth bag, while much lesser under cold conditions within
poly set bin container. Seed deterioration was evident by loss in seed
viability (86.71 ± 25.40), vigour (2543 ± 401), and
dehydrogenase activity (0.306 ± 0.089). Parental A
and B lines (86.00 - 30.78 and 82.33- 24.5) of pearl millet lost viability
more rapidly than the hybrid (91.67% - 46.22%), when stored under identical
conditions. Seed ageing also affect the seedling emergence index (6.81 ±
4.83), which was significantly decreased with increasing seed deterioration. Key words:Deterioration, Storage, Pearl
millet, Dehydrogenase |
|
139 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 557-559(2017) Economics
of tomato cultivation as influenced by different training and spacing levels
under protected conditions Mehraj-u-din Shah, Baseerat Afroza*, Shabir Hussain Khan, Pradeep Kumar Singh and Javed Iqbal Chishti Division
of Vegetable Science, Sher-e-Kashmir Univ. of
Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar-190025, J&K,
India *e-mail: bafroza@gmail.com (Received: August 03, 2016; Revised
received: December 28, 2016;Accepted: January 04, 2017) |
Abstract: An investigation
was carried out in semi controlled greenhouse during Kharif-2012 to study the
economic viability of cultivation of tomato under protected conditions. Two
indeterminate hybrids of tomato were planted at two levels of spacing and
three levels of trainings resulting in twelve treatment combinations. The
cultivation of tomatoes under protected conditions proved to be most
profitable, yielding a net profit of Rs. 38,843 per greenhouse with an
overall expenditure of Rs. 21,037. The benefit cost ratio was worked out to
be 1.84. The treatment combination Shalimar Tomato Hybrid-1 + Spacing 60 cm x
30 cm + One shoot plant-1 gave the highest net returns of Rs.1,08,209 and benefitcost ratio of
3.77. The closer spacing between plants and training to one branch plant-1
proved to be the best combination because of highest yield potential thereby
increasing net returns per unit area. Key words: Tomato, Protected,
Spacing, Training, Economics |
|
140 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 560-564
(2017) Influence of pruning severity on
plant canopy architecture for yield and quality attributing traits of guava (Psidium guajava L.)
cv. Pant Prabhat Parbhat Kumar, K. Karuna*, Abhay Mankar, Dhiru Kumar Tiwari and R. R.Singh Department
of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813210, Bihar, India *e-mail:
kkaruna10@gmail.com (Received: August 13, 2016; Revised
received: January 17, 2017;Accepted: January 20, 2017) |
Abstract: To ascertain the
crop regulation, plant canopy architecture, flowering, fruit quality and
yield potential of pruning season (spring and summer) with different pruning
intensities (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 per cent) a study was conducted on guava
plants under ultra-high density orcharding. The
results revealed that spring pruning to 80 per cent registered highest shoot
length, plant height and canopy volume. During the spring season (15th February pruning) with 40 per cent of
pruning intensity, the shoots took the minimum days (57.65days) to flower,
days to 50 per cent flowering and days to full bloom and it was significantly
lower than all other pruning levels. It seems that heavy pruning (80 per
cent) in summer season (15th April
pruning) tended to minimize the duration of flowering. Fruits produced under 80 per cent pruning intensity were the heaviest in
weight for the spring (147.40 g) and the summer pruning season (155.58 g). It
was observed that the maximum number of fruits and highest fruit yield with
better quality fruits in terms of TSS (10.56 0Brix),
TSS / acid (51.51) ratio, ascorbic acid (241.86mg/100g pulp), reducing sugar
(4.24%) and total sugar (8.21%) content was found with 40 per cent pruning
intensity in summer season. The pruning date also shifted the rainy season
crop to winter season crop. Key words: Canopy
architecture, Guava, Pruning, Quality, Yield |
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141 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 565-568
(2017) Heavy metals toxicity on growth and
reproduction ofEisenia fetida Jyoti Yadav*1, R.K. Gupta1 and Deepak Kumar2 1Department of
Zoology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-
125 004, India 2Veterinary
Physiology and Biochemistry, LUVAS, Hisar-125 001, India *e-mail:
yadavjyoti694@gmail.com (Received: August 24, 2016; Revised
received: January 11, 2017;Accepted: January 17, 2017) |
Abstract: The present studyof 28 days was carried out to analyze the effects of
heavy metals viz. cadmium and zinc on survivability and reproduction rate of E.
fetida. The worms were exposed to Zn (0.02 ppm. 0.04 ppm and 0.06 ppm), Cd (0.002 ppm, 0.04 ppm and 0.06 ppm) and Cd+ Zn (0.01+ 0.01 ppm, 0.02+ 0.02 ppm and 0.03+
0.03 ppm).A dose dependent reduction in growth,
survivability, cocoon production and no. of hatchlings/ cocoon was observed. Cd was found more toxic than Zn and Cd
along with Zn act synergistically, thus proves more detrimental for worms.
Maximum reduction in growth, live earthworms, cocoon production and
hatchlings was found in case of Cd (0.06 ppm) followed by Cd (0.04 ppm). Significant reduction in survivability and
reproduction rate in case on Zn as compared to control has also been
observed. However, no. of hatchlings/cocoon was found to be the most
sensitive parameter of Zn and Cd induced toxicity. Key words: Eisenia fetida, Cocoon, Hatchlings, Survivability |
|
142 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 569-571
(2017) Effect
of the organic manures and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of garlic (Allium sativum
L.) Jay Prakash,
Sanjay Kumar*, Vijay Kumar Pandey, Shashank Verma and Sutanu Maji Department of Applied Plant Science
(Horticulture), Babasaheb Bhimrao
Ambedkar Univ., Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow- 226 025,
India *e-mail:
sanjay123bhu@gmail.com (Received: August 29, 2016; Revised received:
January 22, 2017;Accepted: January 28, 2017) |
Abstract: The present
experiment entitled “Effect of the organic manures and inorganic fertilizers
on growth and yield of Garlic was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD)
with three replications. The row to row and plant to plant spacing were
maintained at 15 cm and 10 cm respectively. The treatment combinations were
control, RDF (NPK )100 %, Vermicompost 100 %, FYM 100 %, 50 % RDF +50 %
Vermicompost, 50% RDF +50 FYM, 50 % Vermicompost + 50 % FYM, 75 % RDF + 25 %
Vermicompost, 75 % RDF + 25 % FYM, 50 % RDF +25 % FYM + 25 % and
Vermicompost. The observations were recorded on maximum height of plant
(72.32cm) in T8, minimum number of leaves (4.96) in T1,
length of leaves (42.48) in T8, maximum width of leaves (1.77cm)
in T8, minimum diameter of stem (9.62cm) in T1,
diameter of bulb (3.65cm) in T1 and maximum bulb yield (310.66 q/hac) in T8. On the basis ofinvestigation
it is concluded that combination of 75% RDF+25%Vermicompost can be
recommended for garlic growers to achieve the better growth, higher yieldof 310.66 q per ha and quality crop with 48.47g
weight of bulb under the agro-climatic condition of Lucknow. Key words: Organic manures,
Inorganic fertilizers, Bio-fertilizers, Garlic, Growth and Yield |
|
143 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 572-574
(2017) Correlation
and path coefficient studies in fenugreek (Trigonella
foenum-graecum L.) genotypes K.V.
Santhosh*, P.M. Gangadharappa,
H.C. Vikram, R.C. Jagadeesha
and Mukesh Chouhan KRC
College of Horticulture, Arabhavi-591310, University of Horticultural
Sciences, Bagalkot *e-mail:
kvthosh@gmail.com (Received: August 27, 2016; Revised
received: January 25, 2017;Accepted: January 29, 2017) |
Abstract: Twenty four
diverse genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella
foenum-graecum L.) were evaluated for growth
and yield traits. In most of the parameters genotypic correlation coefficient
were higher than phenotypic correlation coefficient indicating highly
heritable nature of the characters. Seed yield per plant showed positive and
correlation with plant dry weight at harvest. Weight of the pod and number of
pods per plant showed positive and significant correlation with seed yield
per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic level, whereas plant spread (N-S)
at 45 DAS, harvest index showed positive and significant correlation at genotypic
level only. Path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height at 45 DAS,
plant spread (E-W) at 45 DAS, plant dry weight at harvest, pod length,
harvest index and hundred seed weight had direct and positive effect on seed
yield per plant. From the study, it was concluded that improvement of seed
yield in fenugreek can be done through selection based on the characters viz.,
number of pods, plant dry weight at harvest, pod
length, harvest index and hundred seed weight. Key words: Yield parameters,
Correlation coefficient, Path analysis, Trigonella
foenum-graecum |
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144 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 575-577
(2017) Study of genetic diversity in late
sown mustard Anuj Kumar1, Jaydev Kumar*2, Sarvan Kumar3, Tejasvi Singh1, Vinod
Singh1, Amit Kumar5 and Mukul
Kumar4 1Department of
Genetics and Plant Breeding, 5Department of Horticulture, N.D.U.A
&T., Faizabad-224 229, U.P., India 2Department of
Genetics and Plant Breeding, C.S. Azad University Agriculture and Technology,
Kanpur-208 002, U.P., India 3ICAR-Division of
Crop Improvement, Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal-132
001, Haryana, India 4Department of
Botany and Plant Physiology, Mandan Bharti
Agriculture College, Agwanpur, Saharsa,
Bihar-852 201 India *e-mail:
jaydev.140@rediffmail.com (Received: June 20, 2016; Revised received:
January 26, 2017;Accepted: January 30, 2017) |
Abstract: Genetic divergence
studied in Indian mustard involving 80 genotypes consisted of fifteen female
lines, four testers, 60 F1’s and one standard variety. The studied
traits were days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm),
number of primary branches-1, number of secondary branches-1,
length of main raceme (cm), number of siliqua on
main raceme, seed yield-1 (g), biological yield-1 (g),
1000 seeds weight (g), harvest index (%) and oil content (%).The experimental
materials were evaluated in a randomized block design in order to identify
genetic divergence on the basis of Tocher cluster
analysis in Indian mustard. All the genotypes were grouped into nine clusters
revealing the presence of vast amount of diversity in the material for
different traits. According to results, cluster I had the maximum 26genotypes.
Cluster V, VI, VII, VIII and IX had minimum each having one genotype,
respectively. The highest intra-cluster distance value was found for cluster
IV (231.61) followed by cluster III (194.01). The maximum inter-cluster
distance was reported between cluster IV and VI (2371.39) followed by cluster
IV and VII (2055.54) whereas, minimum inter-cluster distance was observed
between clusters I and III (197.311). Based on results, genotypes grouped
into different clusters could be utilized in either crossing programme to development desirable segregants
and specific pool of Indian mustard. Key words: Clustering
pattern, D2 analysis, Indian mustard |
|
145 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 10 (6) 578-580
(2017) Influence
of irrigation schedule and weed management practices on weed dynamics and
yield of summer greengram under south Gujarat
condition Anita*, Desai L.J., Chaudhari
V.D. and Chaudhari, S.N. DepartmentofAgronomy,N.M. CollegeofAgriculture,NavsariAgricultural University,
Navsari-396 450, Gujarat, India *e-mail:
anitabijarniya27@gmail.com (Received: August 18, 2016; Revised
received: January 18, 2017;Accepted: January 25, 2017) |
Abstract: An experiment was
conducted at College Farm, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari
Agricultural University, Navsari
during summer season of 2014 to “study the irrigation schedule and weed
management practices in summer greengram under
south Gujarat condition”. The results revealed that application of irrigation
at branching, flowering and pod development stage increased seed and stover yield, weeds population and dry weight of weeds.
Weed-control treatments significantly increased seed and stover
yield of crop over weedy check. Two hand weeding at branching and flowering
stage and application of pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha as
pre-emergence could successfully reduce the weed population and dry weight of
weeds with the highest weed control efficiency which ultimately increased the
yield of greengram over weedy check. Key
words:
Greengram, Irrigation, Weed control efficiency,
Weed management and yield |