RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-11, Number: 7 (July), 8 (August), 9
(September) - 2018
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39. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (7) 189-195
(2018) Importance of Cedrus deodara (Roxb. Ex D. Don)
G. Don: A review of its ethnobotany, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential Dwaipayan Sinha* Department
of Botany, Government General Degree College, Mohanpur,
Paschim Medinipur, West
Bengal-721436, India. *Corresponding author e-mail: dwaipayansinha@hotmail.com Paper received: 21.05.18; Revised received:
26.06.18; Paper
Accepted:
28.06.18; Category: Review paper |
Abstract:
Reactive
oxygen species generated within the living system are responsible for
oxidative damage of bio molecules leading to a number of diseases. This leads
to exploration of alternative antioxidants in foods and health supplements
primarily focussing on plants and plant derived
natural products. The association of plant with human dates back thousands of
years ago in the Palaeolithic age and this is
carried through generation to the modern age leading to emergence of the ethnobotany concept. The people of Himalayan region are
largely dependent on herbs and trees for their day to day life and this
practice is deeply rooted in their tradition. Cedrus
deodara (Roxb. Ex D.
Don) G. Don or Deodar is one such gymnosperm that grows in Himalaya and finds
extensive application in day to day health care and non medicinal purpose.
The plant is rich in phenolics and other bioactive
compounds namely á-Pinene, â-Pinene,
Ferulic Acid, Shikimic
Acid, Gallic Acid, Myricetin, (-)-Matairesinol, protocatechuic acid,
polysaccharides etc. It is also an important ingredient of ayurveda and possesses strong antioxidant potential. This
paper is a compilation of up-to-date information of traditional use Cedrus deodara,
its phytochemical constituents and antioxidant
potential. Keywords:
Cedrus deodara (Roxb. Ex D. Don), G. Don, Ayurveda,
(-) - Matairesinol, a-Pinene,
antioxidant |
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40. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (7) 196-200
(2018) Characterization of textile wastewater discharges in textile
cluster of Chirala, Prakasam
(Dist.), Andhra Pradesh, India K.
Sri Lakshmi*1, and M. Anji Reddy2 1Centre for Environment, Institute of
Science and Technology, 2JNTUH, Hyderabad-500085, Telangana, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
sri.kamatham@gmail.com Paper received: 18.05.18; Revised received:
24.06.18 Paper
Accepted:
24.06.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Characterisation studies have been
carried out on effluent discharges of 9 industries (3 mechanical dyeing
textile units, 5 manual dyeing units and 1 printing unit) selected from Chirala textile industrial cluster. Triplicates of
samples from each selected dyeing unit have been collected and analytical
studies carried out. All 24 physico-chemical
parameters including heavy metal analysis has been done. Similarly,
analytical studies have also been carried out on 1 mechanical and 1 manual
dyeing unit at all possible steps in the dyeing process. Results for
composite effluent can be summarized as EC (4750-23900)µmho/cm, , pH
(7.24-7.92), TDS (1255.6-15790.5mg/l), COD (125.6-3528mg/L),
BOD(25.4-855mg/L), TSS (100.3-55.2mg/L).The analytical studies reveal that
the parameters BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, Sulphates,
Chlorides are higher than the permissible limits prescribed by Central
Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India. The BOD: COD ratio is
found to be 0.2 indicating presence of more non-biodegradable matter in the
effluent. The study was carried out to understand the effect of textile
dyeing units on the surrounding environment. The results indicated that the
levels of pollution indicator parameters are higher in the dyeing effluents.Thus, we can conclude that proper treatment of
effluent is essential in order to reduce their impact on environment. Keywords:
Textile
industries, Characterization, Dyeing units, Environment |
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41. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (7) 201-203 (2018) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes for summer season under changing climate R.A. Singh1*, I.P. Singh2,
Rajesh rai1, P.V.
Singh1 and Mahesh Chandra Verma1 1C.S. Azad University
of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India; 2K.V.K., Auraiya (U.P.) India *Corresponding author e-mail: rasinghcsau@gmail.com Paper received: 19.05.18; Revised received:
17.06.18 Paper
Accepted:
21.06.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
present study was under taken during summer season of 2006 and 2007 at
Regional Research Station, Mainpuri. The
experimental soil was sandy loam with poor fertility status. The forty five
varieties of groundnut were tested. The main objective was to findout the suitable genotypes for cultivation during
summer season. Cultivar Co1 gave highest pod yield of groundnut by 37.90 q/ha
followed by Tirupati 3 (25.40 q/ha), S 206 (25.40
q/ha), R 9251 (21.25 q/ha) and M 197 (21.25 q/ha). the other varieties produced poor pod yield in comparison
to aforementioned genotypes. As regard to gross income, net income and BCR,
the cultivar Co1 gave highest values by Rs. 208450/ha, Rs. 145880/ha and
1:3.33, respectively. the
genotypes Tirupati 3, S 206, R 9251 and M 197 also
gave considerable values of gross return, net return and BCR. The other
tested cultivars did not perform considerable response. Keywords:
BCR,
Profitability, Riverine tract, summer season, varieties |
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42. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (7) 204-207
(2018) Effect of salinity on leaf weight ratio and relative growth
rate in soybean (Glycine max L.) Naheed Siddiqui* and M. Singh Department
of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow- 226007 (U.P.), India *Corresponding author e-mail: drnaheedlohani@gmail.com Paper received: 22.04.18; Revised received:
10.06.18 Paper
Accepted:
16.06.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
differential impact of salinity levels recorded in the form of leaf weight
ratio. The data indicates that higher salinity levels have significantly
reduce leaf weight ratio in soybean varieties PS-1092 in comparison to
PS-1241 and PS-1042. The loss (%) in leaf weight ratio was found 18, 19 and
30 % in variety PS-1241 incase lower level (50 mM)
of salinity applied in the form of saline water in the pots once in a week.
These values further enhanced in the form of leaf weight ratio to the level
of 42 and 57% in PS-1241, PS-1042 and PS-1092. Similarly, relative growth
rate indicates direct influence of salinity over plant’s growth and
development. The PS-1092 variety has been observed critical in response to
higher levels of the salinity. PS-1241 has shown least impact of salinity
over its growth and development. In totality, higher level of salinity (150 mM) have made significant loss while reducing relative
growth rate values. It was 51, 67 and 78 % loss in PS-1241, PS-1042 and
PS-1092 respectively. Keywords:
Salinity,
Soybeans, Leaf weight ratio, Relative growth rate, Nacl,
saline soil |
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43. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (7) 208-210
(2018) Effect of salinity stress on maize and gram and recovery by
ascorbate M.
K. Soni1*, Naheed
Siddiqui2 and Y. K. Sharma2 1C.I.S.H. Rehmankhera, Lucknow,
India 2Department of Botany, Lucknow University,
Lucknow-226007 (U.P.), India *Corresponding author e-mail: manojsonilko@yahoo.com Paper received: 26.04.18; Revised received:
22.06.18 Paper
Accepted:
28.06.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
experiment showed the changes in the morphological parameters in maize and
gram plants. Plant height showed a remarkable decreased with increasing
concentration of NaCl (50mM, 100mM and 200mM) at
every stage of measurements at (15, 30 and 45 days) as compared to control.
At 15 days the control plant height was showed 32.5 cm but 50 mM NaCl treated plant was 30.0
cm in maize (C4 plant). The fresh and dry weights also decreased
as the NaCl concentration was increased. The damage
caused by NaCl was significantly reversed by
ascorbate addition. All the morphological parameters studied were found to
increased in ascorbate treated plants as compared to untreated plants
provided with same concentration of NaCl in maize.
In gram at 15 days the height was observed 13.5 cm in the control but
decreased height 13.0 cm observed in 50 mM NaCl treated plant in gram (C3 plant).
Similarly while control plant was 25.0 cm in height at 45 days, it decreased
to 24.4, 23.6 and 21.8 cm with increasing concentration of NaCl (50, 100 and 200 mM) in
gram. All the morphological parameters studied in gram and maize were found
to be increased with the apply of 50 mM ascorbic acid in the plants as compared to untreated
plants provided with same concentration of NaCl. Keywords:
Maize,
Gram, Salinity, Ascorbic acid, NaCl |
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44. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (8) 212-221
(2018) A review on lignin degradation N. Uma maheswari* and S. Rubini PG and Research Department of Microbiology, S.T.E.T Womens College, Sundarakkottai,
Mannargudi-614 001, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding author e-mail: umasamyamf@gmail.com Paper received: 27.06.18; Revised received:
19.07.18 Paper
Accepted:
22.07.18; Category: Review paper |
Abstract:
In
nature, cellulose, lignocelluloses and lignin are major source of plant
biomass; therefore, their recycling is indispensable for the carbon cycle.
Each polymer is degraded by a variety of microorganisms and then variety of
composting, it produce a battery of enzymes that work synergically.
In the near feature, processes that use lignocellulolytic
enzymes are based on microorganisms could lead to new environmentally
friendly technologies. Organic material is converted to carbon dioxide,
humus, and heat by compost microorganisms. It is assumed that humus is formed
mainly from lignin. Thus, lignin is not totally mineralized during
composting. The elevated temperatures found during the thermophilic
phase are essential for rapid degradation of lignocellulose.
Complex organic compounds like lignin are mainly degraded by thermophilic microfungi and actinomycetes. The optimum temperature for thermophilic fungi is 40 - 50°C which is also the optimum
temperature for lignin degradation in compost. Three enzymes include lignin peroxidase (Lip), manganese peroxidase
(Mnp), and laccase, etc.
This study reviews recent advances in the various biological treatments that
can turn these three lignocelluloses biopolymers into alternative fuels.
Accessory enzymes such as H2O2-generating oxidases and degradation mechanisms of plant cell-wall
components in a non enzymatic manner by production of free hydroxyl radicals
(OH) are also discussed. Keywords:
Lignin,
cellulose, biodegradation, lignolytic enzymes |
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45. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (8) 222-227
(2018) Effects of ultra-high diluted (UHD) potentised
homeopathic medicines on pea (Pisum sativum L.) - a hydroponics study under plant growth
chamber Manasa Kumar Panda*1,
Aradhana Basu1,
Raj K. Manchanda2, Anil Khurana2, Debadatta Nayak2 and Nabin
Kumar Dhal1 1Environment and Sustainability
Department, CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar-
751 013,Odisha, India 2Central Council for
Research in Homoeopathy, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt. of India, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
pandamanasa20@gmail.com Paper received: 16.06.18; Revised received:
17.07.18 Paper
Accepted:
19.07.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Ultra
high dilution is the dilution in which the medicine is diluted to very lower
concentrations to reduce the toxicity of the concentrated homeopathic
medicine. A plant growth chamber study of ultra-high diluted (UHD) potentised homeopathic medicine on the seed germination,
and the growth of pea seedlings was carried out. Experiments were carried out
using homoeopathic medicine, Arsenicum album of
different potencies like 6C, 30C, 200C on the plant models, pea (var. Arkil).Different growth parameters including germination
percentage shoot length, root length-, wet weight, dry weight and biochemical
parameters including photosynthetic pigments, total protein content, and all
antioxidant enzymes like- Superoxide dismutase(SOD), Catalase(CAT),
Guicol Peroxidase(GPX), Ascorbate
peroxidase(APX), Polyphenol
oxidase (PPO), Glutathione reductase(GR),
Dehydroascorbate reductase
(DHAR), Root Oxidase (RO), Ascorbic acid, Phenol content
were analysed. The role of UHD potentised
homeopathic medicines in promoting germination and growth can act as
stimulating agents. A significant effect on germination rate was observed in
ultra-high diluted (0.1%) homeopathic medicine of 200C potency for pea. In
pea growth as well as biochemical parameters were significant in 30Cand 200C
potency respectively. Keywords: Potentised, homeopathic
medicine, Ultra high diluted (UHD), potency, Hydrponiocs,
Plant growth chamber |
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46. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (8) 228-234
(2018) A critical review on phytochemical
and medicinal properties of Aegle marmelos and Adhatoda vasica M.
Kannahi* and P. Nisha PG
and Research Department of Microbiology, Sengamalathayar
Educational Trust, Women’s College, Mannargudi – 614001, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
Kannahiamf@ gmail.com Paper received: 26.06.18; Revised received:
27.07.18 Paper
Accepted:
30.07.18; Category: Review paper |
Abstract:
It
has been established that up to 25% of the drugs prescribed in conventional
medicines are allied directly or indirectly to natural substances mostly of
plant origin. Hence, during the last few decades there has been an increasing
interest in the study of medicinal plants and their long-established use in
different countries. However, today it is compulsory to afford scientific
testimony as to whether it is reasonable to use a plant or its active
principles. As far as contemporary drugs are concerned they must be further
characterized after their pharmacological screening by studying the
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties,
including toxicity. Therefore the present communication constitutes a review
on the medicinal properties, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic
and toxicity of an Indian medicinal plant, justicia
adhatoda. a wide range of phytochemical
constituents have been isolated from j.adhatoda
which possesses activities like antitussive, abortifacient, antimicrobial, cardiovascular protection, anticholinesterase, anti-inflammatory and other important
activities. Aegle marmelos
family rutaceae is an alleged ayurvedic
medicinal tree commonly known as the bael. It is
medium sized tree growing throughout the forest of India of altitude 1200
meter. It is found all over India, from sub-Himalayan forest, Bengal, central
and south India. It is considered to be a holy tree in India. Various parts
of this plant such as leaves, roots, seed, bark and fruit, possess anti-microfilarial, antifungal, immunomodulatory,
anti-proliferative, wound healing, antifungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory,
antipyretic, hypoglycaemic, antidyslipidemic,
anti-fertility, and insecticidal activity. Various phytopharmacological
evaluations have been reported in this writing for the important potential of
the Aegle marmelos. Keywords:
Justicia adhatoda,
pharmacological
activities, pharmacokinetic, phytochemistry,
toxicity. Aegle marmelos, Pharmacological Properties |
|
47 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (8) 235-238
(2018) Chromium
toxicity in Spinacia oleracea
L. and recovery of damage by Zn, K, and Fe Kamlesh Nath1, B.P. Singh2, M.K. Soni3, D. Singh4 and Y.K. Sharma2 1E.C.S., A.R.P. Ltd. Lucknow, India 2Department of Botany, Lucknow, University,
Lucknow-226007, India; 3C.I.S.H. Rehmankhera,
Lucknow, India 4Department of Environmental Science, I.B.S.B.T.,
C.S.J.M. University, Kanpur-208002, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
nathkamlesh@rediffmail.com Paper received: 22.06.18; Revised received:
21.07.18 Paper
Accepted:
24.07.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Experiment
shows the effect of chromium on pigments of spinach at 45th
and 90th day. Chlorophyll and pheophytin contents of spinach at 45th
day decreased significantly but total carotenoid
was observed with increased chromium concentration. In recovery treatments
chlorophyll and pheophytin contents were observed
higher with 10 ppm of zinc sulphate,
iron sulphate and 25 ppm
of potassium sulphate when combinedly used with 10 ppm of chromium. Chlorophyll contents at 90th days were increased with 0.5 ppm chromium and then started to decrease with increase
in chromium concentration. At 90th day pheophytin increased from 0.5 to 2 ppm,
which started to decrease from 5 ppm of chromium
onwards, while total carotenoids decreased with
increase in chromium concentration. Pheophytin ‘a’
was higher with 10 ppm of zinc sulphate,
iron sulphate and potassium sulphate
whereas pheophytin ‘b’ was higher with 10 ppm of zinc sulphate, 25 ppm of potassium sulphate and
iron sulphate in combination with 10 ppm chromium. Carotenoids were
higher with 10 ppm zinc sulphate,
potassium sulphate and 25 ppm
of iron sulphate along with 10 ppm
of chromium treatment. Keywords:
Chlorophyll,
Pheophytin, Carotenoid
Chromium, Spinach, Zinc sulphate, Potassium sulphate and Iron sulphate |
|
48. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (8) 239-242
(2018) Effect
of benzyladenine (BA) treatment on flowering
response and metabolites in cucumber Gopal Tewari*, Manoj Kumar Soni, Sandeep Kaur and Y.K. Sharma Department
of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226 007, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
tewarigopal@gmail.com Paper received: 16.05.18; Revised received:
21.07.18 Paper
Accepted:
24.07.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
results of experiment performed to evaluate the effect of different
concentrations of BA given for varying durations on flowering response in
cucumber. The days to anthesis and nodal position
bearing first flower was highest in control for male flowers which gradually
reduced as the increasing concentration of BA was applied. The total no. of
male flowers however showed an increasing trend over control with the BA
application. However the maximum no. of male flowers was formed in plants
having been applied 50 µM BA for 72 hours (25.9), a significant increase over
control. Pollen fertility, however, showed a declining trend with the
increasing application of BA. The formation of female flowers was, however,
delayed on the application of BA with the days to anthesis
of female flowers increasing with the increasing concentration and duration
of BA application. While the first female flower in control appeared in 56.20
DAS, this value significantly increased to 64.20 and 67.93 in plants given 50
µM BA for 48 and 72 hours respectively. Similarly the average nodal position
bearing the first female flower also increased with the application of BA.
Total sucrose content during pre-flowering stage was highest (235.7.0 µmol/gm
fresh weight) in control but on treatment with BA it decreased to a
significantly low value of 205.0 µmol/gm fresh weight in plants treated with
50 µM BA for 72 hours. The concentration of BA and the time period it was
applied for have had a cumulative effect on the sucrose content too. Starch
content also decreased over control with the increasing concentration and
duration of BA application. In control the pre-flowering starch content was
highest at 0.395 mg/gm fresh weight while it decreased to 0.370, 0.350 and
0.345 mg/gm fresh weight in plants given 0.5, 5.0 and 50 µM BA respectively
for 24 hours, the last two exhibiting a significant decline from control.
Total protein content, however, increased over control with the increasing
concentration and duration of BA application. The increasing duration of BA
application also had the enhancing effect on protein content. Likewise the
significantly highest content of protein at pre-flowering stage was observed
in 50 µM BA /72 hours treated plants (70.65 µg/gm fresh weight). The total
protein content increased to 58.95 µg/gm fresh weight at flowering from 50.70
µg/gm fresh weight at pre-flowering stage in control, it significantly
increased to 78.50 µg/gm fresh weight in 50 µM BA/72 hours treated plants at
flowering. Keywords:
Male
flower, Female Flower, Benzyladenine (BA), Sugar,
Starch and Protein |
|
49. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (9) 243-246
(2018) Liquid PGPR inoculants - New agronomic practice for sustainable
cultivation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) G. Manimekalai* and M. Kannahi PG and Research Department of Microbiology, S.T.E.T Womens College, Sundarakkottai,
Mannargudi-614 001, Tamilnadu, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
manistet@gmail.com Paper received: 30.07.18; Revised received:
25.08.18 Paper
Accepted:
29.08.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
ability of tested rhizobacterial isolates (Azotobacter sp, Pseudomonas sp, Enterobacter sp and Bacillus sp) along with a
strain of root nodule bacteria (Rhizobium
spp.) to exhibit some PGP-properties was evaluated in vitro
conditions. The main PGP-properties, namely the ability to solubilize-P and production of IAA, as well as production
of siderophores and HCN were examined.
Additionally, field trials were conducted on sandy loam soil at Edaiyarnatham, Mannargudi
during summer seasons to study the effect of co-inoculation with Rhizobium either individually or together with
other PGPR on nodulation, some plant growth characters, peanut yield. The
in vitro experiment revealed that all of the tested microorganisms were
apparently able to trigger PGP-properties. Phosphate solubilization
was the common feature of the employed microorganisms. Enterobacter
sp. Rhizobium sp displayed the lowest
capacity. The ability of the microorganisms to produce indole
compounds showed that Azotobacter sp was
more effective in IAA production and followed by Pseudomonas sp and Bacillus
sp. Capacity of Azotobacter and Pseudomonas
to secrete ferric-specific ligands (siderophores) and HCN was detected, while Rhizobium failed to produce such compounds. Bacterization of peanut seeds with liquid inoculants of
PGPR exerted considerable improvement in seed germination. Among various
combinations, combined inoculations of beneficial organism (T4-
30%RDF+30%Vermicompost+PGPR) increased nodule number, and yield parameters
and similar to ( T1 – 100% RDF) treatment. So, the present study revealed the
combined inoculations of PGPR with vermicompost helps
to better peanut growth, yield and reduce the use of the chemical fertilizer. Keywords: PGPR, Rhizobium,
Vermicompost, Peanut |
|
50. |
Res. Environ.
Life Sci., 11
(9) 247-249 (2018) Field screening of paddy genotypes against leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee
(Pyraustidae: Lepidoptera) Chhavi* and Pawan K. Sharma Department of Entomology, CSK Himachal
Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,
Palampur 176062
(H.P.), India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
chhavi.reflection@gmail.com Paper received: 24.07.18; Revised received:
21.08.18 Paper
Accepted:
24.08.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Field
experiments were conducted to screen forty three genotypes along with a
susceptible check under unsprayed conditions to identity the resistance/
tolerance against rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis
medinalis at Rice and Wheat Research Centre,
Malan, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur
during 2015 and 2016. Genotypes were evaluated based on the standard
evaluation system for rice with a scale of 0-9. Among forty three genotypes
screened along with susceptible check (TN-1), the mean per cent damaged
leaves ranged between 8.20 to 41.45 per cent in kharif
2015 with minimum per cent damaged leaves in genotypes HPR-2662 (8.20%) and
maximum per cent damaged leaves were recorded in TN-1 (41.45%). During kharif 2016, the mean minimum and maximum damaged
leaves were noticed in HPR-2719 and TN-1 having 8.62 and 50.38 per cent
damaged leaves, respectively. Out of forty three genotypes, thirty three
genotypes were found moderately resistant, nine as moderatey
susceptible and one as susceptible. None of the genotypes was found to be
free from leaf folder damage. Keywords:
Paddy,
Leaf folder, Genotypes, Resistance |
|
51. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (9) 250-254
(2018) Physico-chemical
characteristics of various soils in relation to leaf growth in Jatropha curcus
plant Sapna La’Verne1*, P.K.Tandon1
and Vibhuti Rai2 1Dept. of Botany, 2Dept.
of Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
sapna.laverne@rediffmail.com Paper received: 11.07.18; Revised received:
19.08.18 Paper
Accepted:
23.08.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Soil
is a vital part of successful agriculture and is the natural source of the
nutrients that are used by the plants for their growth. The nutrients move
from the soil into plants through a vascular system where water carries the
nutrients to different parts of the plant. Nutrient cycling, water regulation
and other soil functions are normal processes occurring in all ecosystems.
The quality of soil plays a very critical role in the plant growth as
different varieties of soils occur in nature. The physico-chemical
aspect of soil is dependent on a number of factors as the inorganic component
is derived from degradation of rock masses which varies in chemical
composition to a great extent. The present paper discusses these aspect in
relation to the leaf growth of Jatropha curcus, an important oil producing plant. Keywords: Soil, Jatropha curcus, and Plant leaves |
|
52. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (9) 255-261
(2018) Isolation and characterization of hexavalent
chromium reducing bacteria from electroplating
effluent samples Sakale S.S.* and Chitanand M.P. Department
of Microbiology, N.S.B. College, Nanded-431601, Maharashtra, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
sagar_sakle@yahoo.com Paper received: 17.07.18; Revised received:
22.08.18 Paper
Accepted:
29.08.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
Hexavalent chromium is a
heavy metal useful in electroplating method carried out in stainless steel
industries. Cr (VI) is toxic, non-degradable and easily bio-accumulated in
food chains in water bodies by discharging of effluent of electroplating
steel industries due to which environment gets seriously affected. In present
study, nineteen chromium resistant bacteria were isolated from effluent
samples of electroplating steel industries. All isolates were studied for
their MIC of Cr (VI). Four isolates having MIC of 1300µg/ml were selected for
further studies. Chromium reduction efficiency of all four isolates was
studied. Effect of different parameters like incubation period, inoculum size, concentration of Cr (VI), pH, temperature
and agitation on efficiency of Cr (VI) reduction were determined. 1,
5-Diphenyl Carbazide (DPC) method was used to
estimate reduction of Cr(VI). Result showed that Chryseomicrobium
amylolyticum JC16 could reduce 100% toxic Cr
(VI) to non toxic Cr (III) form within 48 hrs at pH-7 and at 30oC.
Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Cellulosimicrobium
funkei W6122 showed maximum reduction of Cr(VI)
up to 98% and 84% respectively at pH-7and at 40oC. Staphylococcus
arlettae ATCC 43957 showed 71% reduction at
pH-8 and at 30oC. All these four isolates showed co tolerance and
multi heavy metal tolerance to copper and nickel. Keywords:
Electroplating,
Stainless Steel, Hexavalent Chromium reduction,
1,5-Diphenyl Carbazide method |
|
53. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 11 (9) 262-264
(2018) Toxicological effect
of nickel and its interaction with boron on germination, growth and
biochemical parameters in Pisum sativum seedlings A. Verma* Department
of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226 007, India *Corresponding
author e-mail:
adi_kobe@yahoo.co.in Paper received: 14.06.18; Revised received:
17.08.18 Paper
Accepted:
20.08.18; Category: Original paper |
Abstract:
The
experiment was carried out to explore the detrimental effect of nickel stress
and nickel interactions with boron in pea seedlings. The pea seedlings were
raised in petridish for 15 days in different
concentrations of nickel (100 µM, 200 µM, 400 µM and 600 µM). Combination of
boron (50 and 100 µM) with nickel (200, 400 and 600 µM), was also given for
the recovery of damage occurred in pea seedlings. Various morphological
parameters were recorded during and at the end of 15 days of the
experimentation. Germination percentage decreased with increase in the level
of nickel in applied solution from 88.88 % in control to 44.44% in 600 µM.
The combination of boron (50 and 100 µM) increased the germination when used
with the higher concentration of nickel 200 µM, 400 µM and 600 µM. Plumule and radicle lengths,
and number of lateral roots also showed the decreased trend. In recovery
treatments of boron (50 and 100 µM) plumule and radicle lengths, and number of lateral roots showed
remarkable increase in comparison to alone nickel treatments. Fresh and dry
matter yields were decreased as compared to control but moisture percentage
was lowest in 200 µM nickel in comparison to other nickel concentrations. In
recovery treatment of boron (50 and 100 µM) in 200 µM, 400 µM and 600 µM
nickel fresh matter yield and moisture percentage were increased in
comparison to nickel alone, but their was slight
decrease in dry matter yield. Total protein and sugar contents were decreased
with increasing concentration of nickel. In recovery treatments when boron
(50 and 100 µM) were applied with 200 µM, 400 µM and 600 µM nickel, protein
contents were observed higher in case of recovery treatments of boron. Boron
recovery treatments showed higher sugar contents than iron recovery
treatments. In 200 µM nickel and 50 µM boron sugar content was found maximum
(5.42 µg/mg) than in other recovery treatments. Keywords:
Pea,
Nickel, Boron, SVI, GRI, Moisture %, Protein, Sugar, Heavy metal toxicity,
Recovery |