RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE SCIENCES

Volume-12, Number-4, October, 2019

 

(A Multidisciplinary, Peer reviewed / Referred Research Journal Concerned with Environment and Life Sciences)

(p-ISSN: 0974-4908)

 

 

 

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26

Res. Environ. Life Sci., 12 (4) 112-114 (2019)

 

Biochemical alteration in plasma protein content in blood of Anabas testudineus (bloch) due to effect of pesticides

 

Mamta Sinha*1 and Renuka Sharan2

1Department of Zoology, G.B.M. College, Gaya, India

2Department of Zoology, College of Commerce, Patna, India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: mamtasinha1967@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 23.02.19, Revised received: 19.05.19

Paper Accepted: 23.05.19, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract: In the present work an attempt has been made to study the alteration in the plasma protein level in a fresh water air breathing fish, Anabas testudineus (bloch) exposed to three pesticides namely metacid, malathion, and Lindane  under 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure period. The treatment of above mentioned pesticides cause a continuous fall in the plasma protein. Depletion in the plasma protein level was significant in longer duration of exposure in all the three formulation of pesticides. The plasma protein level in control fishes range between  8.67 to 9.27 mg 100 ml -1. In the case of exposure to metacid for 24, 48 and 72 hours to LC 50 dose of pesticide the level of plasma protein recorded was 8.83 mg 100 ml -1 (4.47 % of fall), 8.45  mg 100 ml -1 (8.8% fall) and 7.92 mg 100 ml -1 (14% fall) less than the control value. In the case of malathion for 24,48 and 72 hours to the LC 50 dose of pesticide the level of plasma protein recorded was 8.04 mg 100 ml -1 (9 % fall), 7.62 mg 100 ml -1 (14% fall)  and 7.13 mg 100 ml -1 (19% fall) less than from the control value.While in the case of lindane for 24, 48 and 72 hours  to LC50  dose of pesticide ,the level of plasma protein recorded  was 7.68 mg 100 ml -1 (11 % fall), 7.35 mg 100 ml -1 ( 15% fall) and 6.85 mg 100 ml -1 (21% fall) from control value.The required quantity of metacid to constitute LC50 dose for 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure was 19.28 mg 100 ml -1, 13.18 mg 100ml-1. and 9.12  mg 100 ml -1 respectively. While those of malathion and Lindane was 16.22  mg 100 ml -1, 9.88 mg 100 ml -1, 8.91 mg 100 ml -1 and 12.16 mg 100 ml -1, 8.92 mg 100 ml -1 and 7.24 mg 100 ml -1 Respectively. The safe concentration of metacid was 8.56 mg 100 ml -1, while the quantity of malathion for safe concentration was 7.97 mg 100 ml -1 and the quantity of lindane for safe concentration was 5.02 mg 100 ml -1.

Keywords: Anabas testudineous, Metacid, Malathion, and Lindane pesticide

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 12 (4) 115-119 (2019)

 

Response of Vigna sinesis on application of different concentrations of biopesticide and chemical pesticide

 

Tulika Johri* and Akash Vikram

Department of Botany, Lucknow University, India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: tulikajohri@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 01.04.19, Revised received: 26.05.19

Paper Accepted: 29.05.19, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract: The effect of both bio-pesticide (Neem oil) and chemical pesticide (cypermethrin) in different concentrations viz. 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8% and 1.6% were investigated on cowpea plants. It was observed that on increasing the concentration of both bio-pesticide and chemical pesticide upto 0.4% plant height was found to be increased. However, this increase upto same concentration in case of chemical pesticide was non-significant. At increasing doses of both bio and chemical pesticides, number of leaves per plant, fresh weight and dry weight per plant were significantly decreased. The same trend was observed in the biomass yield of the crop. The water content per plant increased at 0.2% concentration of both bio and chemical pesticides but further it was decreased on increasing the concentration of both pesticides. However, such decrease was higher in plants treated with chemical pesticide as compared to biopesticide. With regard to metabolic parameters, concentration of photosynthetic pigment in general was found to be decreased at higher concentration of both bio and chemical pesticides. Activity of enzyme catalase was found to be significantly increased at 0.2% and 0.4%  of both bio and chemical pesticides. However the enzyme peroxidase was significantly decreased beyond the concentration of 0.4% of bio pesticide and beyond 0.2% of chemical pesticide. Concentartion of both protein and sugar were found to be decreased at increasing concentration of both chemical and bio pesticides.

Keywords : Biopesticide (neem oil), Chemical pesticide (cypermethrin), Chlorophyll, Catalase, Carbohydrate

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 12 (4) 120-124 (2019)

 

Effect of growth regulators (BA at seed germination and BA and IAA at flowering stage) on activity of sucrose synthase and acid invertase during floral Induction in cucumber

 

Yogendra Kumar Singh*

Department of Botany, K.S.Saket P.G. College, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail:  yogi.251976@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 11.04.19, Revised received: 27.05.19

Paper Accepted: 28.05.19, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract: Flowers represent specialized structures of a reproductive phase of shoot meristem activity. The conversion of the meristem from a vegetative to reproductive function and the development of flowers involve direction by environmental factors, sequential expression of integrated classes of genes, and numerous hormones. Application of BA showed a significant reduction over control in plants given 50 µM BA at seed germination stage while no growth regulator was sprayed at flowering (sucrose synthase activity 103.22 µmol/gm fresh weight). Application of BA or IAA at flowering time further lowered the activity of the enzyme with IAA causing a greater reduction than BA. The occurrence of flowering caused a reduction in the activity of sucrose synthase in all the treatments including control. The activity of acid invertase, however, showed a trend just opposite to that of sucrose synthase. Thus, while application of increasing concentration of BA at seed germination stage caused a gradual increase in the activity of acid invertase during pre-flowering stage, treatment of BA or IAA at the time of flowering further increased the activity of the enzyme with IAA showing a greater enhancing effect. Application of BA at seed germination stage and of IAA or BA at flowering stage showed same effect as observed during pre-flowering stage.

Keywords: Activity of sucrose synthase, acid invertase, BA, IAA, flowering, seed germination

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 12 (4) 125-127 (2019)

 

Adaptive measures of Crotalaria burhia buch. ham. in arid environment of Indian desert

 

B.S.V. Prakash

Department of Botany, Lucknow Christian Degree College, Lucknow, India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail:  drbsvprakash@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 19.03.19; Revised received: 18.07.19

Paper Accepted: 23.07.19; Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract: In order to survive, plants must adapt to soil moisture stress, dryness of air andhigh atmospheric temperature associated with intense solar radiations in the Indiandesert. Differentiation of a species into a number of morphologically distinct populations is one such adaptation in all extreme environmental conditions. The presentstudy relates to such adaptation displayed by Crotalaria burhia Buch. Ham, in Indianarid tracts. Two distinctly variable populations of C. burhia were observed in two different habitats, viz. open places (sand dune and abandoned fields) and shady and protected sandy plains.Morphological variations in root, stem, leaf, etc, were recorded at various growth stages. Based on the distinct morphological variations, C. burhia. populations have been classified as ‘erect-bushy’(EB)   and ‘sub-erect spreading’ (SS) forms, populations of EB form are considered to be drought tolerant whereas the populations of SS form are drought escaping.

Keywords: Crotalaria burhia, morphological variations, Adaptive measures

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 12 (4) 128-131 (2019)

 

Molecular profiling of (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) varieties elephant foot yam

 

Kshitij Kumar*, Shashi Devi and K.N. Singh

Department of Plant Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, Narendra Deva University of   Agriculture & Technology Narendra Nagar (Kumarganj), Faizabad, U.P., India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: Kshitijkumar2010@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 15.05.19; Revised received: 21.10.19

Paper Accepted: 26.10.19; Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract: The genus Amorphophallus paeoniifolius, a tuberous herb belonging to the family Araceae and a paleotropical aroid comprising of more than 200 species. It isone of the true marvels of nature and a true treasure of variation.  Amorphophallus (elephant foot yam) is an herbaceous edible aroid crop which belongs to the family Araceae. The study was undertaken to screen and obtained polymorphic bands with the efficient EST-SSR primer that could differentiate a set of nine elephant foot yam genotypes. Total nine Amorphophallus paeoniifolius varieties (NDA 45, NDA 49, NDA 52, NDA 55, NDA 64, NDA 44, NDA 65, NDA 9 and Gajendra) were screened with 11 EST-SSR primers and obtained polymorphic bands with primers Amor 34 (190 bp) and Amor 46 (155 bp) and  monomorphic band with primers Amor 22, (160 bp) Amor 33 (170 bp) and Amor 36 (155 bp). Cluster analysis of combined banding pattern of EST-SSR primers. The EST-SSR markers and protein analysis under this investigation will facilitate further studies in linkage mapping, genetic diversity, germplasm characterization and marker assisted selection in Amorphophallus paeoniifolius. They could also be applied to the genetic researches in other species and genera because of their high transferability.

Keywords: Elephant foot yam, molecular profiling, Amorphophallus paeoniifolius