RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE SCIENCES

Volume-13, Number-2, May, 2020

 

(A Multidisciplinary, Peer reviewed / Referred Research Journal Concerned with Environment and Life Sciences)

(p-ISSN: 0974-4908)

 

Guest – Editor:

Dr. R.A. Singh, Prof. C.S. Azad  University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India

 

 

 

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6

Res. Environ. Life Sci., 13(2) 19-20 (2020)

 

Management of Mandakini river ravine eco-system on watershad basis for food security through cultivaation of vegetables

 

R.A.Singh*, P.V.Singh, V.K.Kanaujia, V.K.Sharma

and Jitendra Singh

C. S. Azad University of Agriculture &

Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: rasinghcsau@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 16.12.19, Revised received: 25.01.20

Paper Accepted: 29.01.20, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract

An experiment was laidout during 2008-09 to 2010-11 at ravines effected area of Chitrakoot, Uttar Pradesh. The pilot site was situated in catchments area of river Mandakini at Sitapur village and its adjoining villages of Chitrakoot block. The study was conducted under Farmer Participatory Action Research Programme on Water/Rain water Harvesting (Scheme of Ministry of Water Resources, New Delhi). The soils of experimental area were sandy loam and loam, locally known as Rakar and Parwa soils, respectively. The soil, having pH 8.2, organic carbon 0.26% total nitrogen 0.02%, available phosphorus 10.1 kg/ha and available potash 164kg/ha, therefore, the nutrients status of pilot area was low. Eight cropping system i.e., khira - tomato, khira - culiflower, khira - onion, khira - vegetable pea, bhindi- tomoto, bhindi - califiower, bhindi - onion and bhindi - vegetable pea were tested on ten farmers fields. Crop varieties Varsha Bahar, Hisar selection-1, T6, Snowbal, Kalyanpur Red Round and Azad Pea 3 for bhindi, khira, tomatos, cauliflower, onion and vegetable pea, respectively, were sown under double cropping system. Khira gave yield 110q/ha, 112q/ha, 109q/ha and 109q/ha from crop rotation of khira - tomato, khira- cauliflower, khira- onion and khira- vegetable pea. Similarly, bhindi yielded 85q/ha, 83q/ha, 82q/ha and 85q/ha from bhindi- tomato, bhindi- cauliflower, bhindi- onion and bhindi- vegetable pea cropping system. Tomato, cauliflower, onion and vegetable pea yielded as 250q/ha 310q/ha, 310q/ha and 117q/ha, respectively, from khira based cropping system. The rabi season crop tomato, cauliflower, onion and vegetable pea grown after bhindi gave yield as 245q/ha, 298q/ha, 290q/ha and 114q/ha, respectively. The minimum splash loss of soil was also noted under these rotations because broad leaves of both bhindi and khira restricted to beating action of rain drops .The intensity of runoff reduced due to planting across the rolling slope.

Keywords

Food security, Rainfall intensity, Rolling slope, Runoff, Splash soil loss

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 13(2) 21-22 (2020)

 

Effect of rain water management systems on yield equivalent and yield advantage in ravines affected area of Bundelkhand

 

Mayank Kumar*, Kaushal Kumar, N. Lari and R.A. Singh

C.S. Azad University of Agricultures and Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: mayankkumar2203@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 29.11.19, Revised received: 12.02.20

Paper Accepted: 18.02.20, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract

The experiment was laid out during two consecutive years of 2015-2016 and 2016-2017 of Hillock and Valley Watershed of Jhararghat, Lalitpur, situated in catchment area of river Betawa. The experimental soil of pilot area was sandy loam locally known as Rakar, having pH 8.1, organic carbon 0.26%, total nitrogen 0.02%, available phosphorus 10.38 kg/ha and available potash 227.00 kg/ha, therefore, fertility status of experimental area was low. The trial was conducted on farmers fields under black gram Indian mustard cropping system. There were four treatments comprised of conventional system, runoff recharge in stony dug wells, runoff harvesting at hill bottom in natural water impounding structure and runoff collection in constructed water storage structure. The black gram variety Azad Urd-3 and Indian mustard ev. Varuna were sown with conservation agronomical practices. The maximum equivalent yield in term of Indian mustard by 38.96 q/ha was recorded under runoff collection in constructed water storage structure In this treatment, the percent yield advantage was also found highest (64.11%). The lowest yield advantage by 29.27% was recorded in runoff recharge in stony dug wells.

Keywords

Cropping system, Equivalent yield, Rain water, Ravines, Yield advantage

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 13(2) 23-25 (2020)

 

Effect of  tannery effluent on growth and productivity of guar plant and its combination with Zn, K and Fe  for resurgence

 

Veer Pratap*1, Kamlesh Nath2, B.P. Singh3 and Y.K. Sharma2

1Maharishi University of Information

Technology, Lucknow, India

2Department of Botany, university of Lucknow, Lucknow, India

2Department of  Forestry, Wildlife and Environmental Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishawavidydyalaya (A Central University) Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh

*Corresponding author e-mail: veerpratap0446@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 22.12.19, Revised received: 25.03.20

Paper Accepted: 29.03.20, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract

In the pot culture experiment different dilutions of treated tannery effluent (T.E.) i.e. 10, 25, 50, 100 % were selected to study the toxic effect on guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) Plant c.v. Pusa nav bahar . For the recovery of plant damage, protective value of 10 and 25 ppm of certain macro (potassium) and micro nutrient (Iron and zinc) were also used in the form of zinc sulphate (ZnSO4), potassium sulphate (K2SO4) and iron sulphate (FeSO4) and added in 50% T.E. in separate pots. Finally the experiment was setup with the various treatments i.e.  Control (distilled water), 10% T.E., 25% T.E., 50% T.E., 100% T.E., 50% T.E.+10 ppm ZnSO4, 50% T.E.+25 ppm ZnSO4, 50% T.E.+10 ppm K2SO4, 50% T.E.+25 ppm K2SO4, 50% T.E.+10 ppm FeSO4 and 50% T.E.+25 ppm FeSO4.The morphological parameters of guar after treatment was decreased as the tannery effluent concentration increased. In recovery treatments except dry weight and moisture %, all parameter showed higher values with 25 ppm of potassium sulphate, iron sulphate and zinc sulphate when combinedly used with 50% tannery effluent. Dry weight was increased with 25 ppm of iron sulphate, potassium sulphate, and 10 ppm of zinc sulphate, while moisture % more with 25 ppm of zinc sulphate, iron sulphate, and 10 ppm potassium sulphate when combinedly used with 50% tannery effluent.

Keywords: Tannery effluent, iron sulphate, potassium sulphate, zinc sulphate, leaf area

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 13(2) 26-28 (2020)

 

Increase the system productivity and profitability of wheat (Triticum aestivum)

with parallel cropping of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in ravines affected area of Uttar Pradesh

 

R. A. Singh*1, V.K. Kanaujia1, Amar Singh1, P.V. Singh1, V. K. Sharma and I.P. Singh2

1C.S. Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India

2K.V.K. Auraiya (U.P.), India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail: rasinghcsau@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 11.12.19, Revised received: 09.02.20

Paper Accepted: 11.02.20, Category: Original paper

 

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Abstract

The field study was undertaken during two consecutive years under Operational Research Project for Resource Development on Watershed Basis, Rendher, Jalaun district of Bundelkhand (U.P.). The main objective was to find out the suitable varieties of wheat for parallel cropping with Indian mustard in dry land area. The operational area was situated in the catchments of Pahuj River. The experimental soil was clay loam locally known as Kawar, having low fertility status. Four wheat varieties i.e., W.H.-147, H.D.-1553, H.D.2285, H.D.2385 were tested in sole and parallel cropping of Indian mustard cv. Varuna. The wheat variety W.H.-147 registered the highest grain yield of 45.83q/ha, closely followed by H.D. 2385 (45.15q/ha) under sole cropping of wheat. Variety H.D.1553 also gave recognizable grain yield by 44.30 q/ha in sole cropping under rainfed condition. In parallel cropping system, the varietal performance of wheat was WH-147 (42.50q/ha)>H.D.2285 (41.60q/ha)>H.D.2385 (41.45q/ha)>H.D.1553 (40.85q/ha). Not much variation was found in seed yield of parallel crop of Indian mustard. All most equal LER and yield advantage was recorded under different tested parallel cropping systems. Variety WH-147 + Indian mustard registered highest system productivity by 54.77q/ha followed by H.D. 2385 + Indian mustard (53.60q/ha), H.D.2285 + Indian mustard (53.28q/ha) and H.D.1553 (52.77q/ha). Variety W.H. 147 + Indian mustard gave maximum net system profitability (Rs. 64384/ha) followed by H.D. 2385 + Indian mustard (Rs. 60207/ha). The net system profitability under H.D. 2285 + Indian mustard and H.D.1553 + Indian mustard were found to Rs. 59591/ha and Rs. 58609/ha, respectively.

Keywords: Baijhar, Gojai, Parallel cropping, Tibrra, Wheat varieties

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Res. Environ. Life Sci., 13(2) 29-34 (2020)

 

A review on bio-diesel and its production prospects from Jatropha oil

 

Vikas Kumar*1, Anubhav Singh1 and Avadhesh Mishra2

1Amity University, Gomtinagar, Lucknow, India

2Biotechnology Educational & Research Institute, Gomtinagar, Lucknow-226010, India

 

*Corresponding author e-mail:

vikas3881@gmail.com

 

Paper received: 02.01.20, Revised received: 15.03.20

Paper Accepted: 18.03.20, Category: Review Article

 

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Abstract

Biodiesel is a cleaner  alternative fuel produced from renewable vegetable oil resources such as soy beans, palm and waste vegetable oil (cooking oil) or any other source of organic oil (animal fat). Biodiesel is suitable for modern, high performance diesel engines. Biodiesel contains no minerals petroleum product but can be blended with petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend. Biodiesel is defined as the mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats. In more general terms, biodiesel is the product you get when a vegetable oil or animal fat is chemically reacted with an alcohol to produce a new compound that is known as a fatty acid alkyl ester. A catalyst such as sodium or potassium hydroxide is required. Glycerol (glycerin) is a byproduct. This process is known as transesterification. Biodiesel can help save the environment in many ways. One, unlike the ordinary diesel, biodiesel uses waste products obtained from other farming products such as oil seeds. These kinds of products are generally viewed as byproducts of the most important parts of the vegetation. This way, biodiesel helps increase the general efficiency since fewer natural resources are used to grow the materials. The other advantage of biodiesel especially to the environment is that it is produces lower emissions and is more energy efficient compared to other form of energy. Biodiesel is produced using the latest technology including the particulate trap and filters. This in the end helps reduce greatly the climate effects that are caused by the emissions that are currently in the atmosphere.

Keywords: Jatropha curcas L., biodiesel, transesterification, methanol, catalyst, and Acid value