RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE
SCIENCES
(A Multidisciplinary, Peer reviewed / Referred Research Journal
Concerned with Environment and Life Sciences)
(p-ISSN:
0974-4908)
Volume-14, Number-4, November, 2021
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18 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 57-60
(2021) Increase the crops productivity through inter cropping R.A. Singh*1, V.K. Kanaujia1, R.K. Singh2,
N. Lari1 and Jitendra Singh1 1C.S. Azad University ofAgriculture and
Technology, Kanpur (U.P.), India 2DK.V.K., Jalaun (U.P.), India *Corresponding author e-mail:
rasinghcsau@gmail.com Paper received: 13.07.21,Revised received: 11.10.21, Paper
Accepted:
15.10.21,Category: Original Article |
Abstract The
field study was under taken during two consecutive years at Model
Watershed,Rendhar, Jalaun,Bundelkhand, C.S.Azad University of Agriculture and
Technology,Kanpur under Farmers Participatory Action Research Programme on
Water/Water HarvestingProject,funded by Central Water Commission, New Delhi.
The main objective was to increase the
economic productivity per unit
area through different cropping systems. The ravines affected land of pilot
area was treated with different soil and water conservation measures. Eight companion cropping systems,i.e., chickpea
+ Indian mustard, lentil+ Indian mustard, linseed+ Indian mustard, lentil +
linseed, wheat+ Indian mustard, dwarf field pea+ Indian mustard, chickpea+
taramira and potato+ Indian mustard were tested and compared with their sole
croppings. The row ratio of 5:1 was maintained in chickpea + Indian mustard,
lentil+ Indian mustard, linseed+ Indian mustard, dwarf field pea+ Indian
mustard, chickpea+ taramira; 3:1 in
lentil+ linseed, potato+ Indian mustard, and 9:1in wheat+ Indian
mustard.Total productivity of 30.32q/ha,23.77q/ha,28.44q/ha,20.80 q/ha,
49.34q/ha, 31.70q/ha,21.82q/ha and 280.80 q/ha were harvested from cropping
systems of chickpea + Indian mustard, lentil+ Indian mustard, linseed+ Indian
mustard, lentil + linseed, wheat+ Indian mustard, dwarf field pea+ Indian
mustard, chickpea+ taramira and potato+ Indian mustard, respectively, which
were found higher in comparison to their sole croppings.LER, yield advantage,
production efficiency and water use efficiency were also recorded higher
under all tested companion cropping systems than their sole croppings. Keywords: Companion
cropping, LER, Production efficiency, Water use efficiency, Yield advantage |
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19 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 61-63
(2021) Survey of leaf blight disease of Mustard (Brassica juncea
(L.) Czern & Coss) caused by Alternaria brassicae in Eastern U.P.,
India Chandra Mani Patel and Ramesh Singh Department of Plant Pathology, T.D.P.G. College, Jaunpur –
222002 (Uttar Pradesh), India *Corresponding author e-mail:
chandrajnp83@gmail.com Paper received: 01.08.21, Revised received:
18.10.21, Paper
Accepted:
22.10.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract Rapeseed
- mustard are the major Rabi oilseed crops of the country. A number of
diseases of different origins attack rapeseed-mustard which, Alternaia blight
caused by Alternaria brassicae (Berk.) Sacc. is taking heavy toll
every year by decreasing the quantity and quality of produced. In the present
investigation, a survey was conducted in the eight district of Eastern Uttar
Pradesh, during from 3rd week January 2018-19 to 2019-20 for two
years. The eight district with one Tehsil was selected from Jaunpur,
Varanasi, Mirzapur, Pratapgarh, Azamgarh, Sonbhadra, Bhadohi and Chandauli.
Varanasi was severely infected with the maximum average PDI 51.77% followed
by Pratapgarh 51.00%, Chandauli 50.62%, Azamgarh 50.06%, Bhadohi 49.39%,
Mirzapur 49.24%, Sonbhadra 48.78% and the minimum average PDI (46.54%) was
recorded in Jaunpur in the year 2018-19. Similarly in year 2019-20 Azamgarh
was found to be most affected district with the average PDI of 52.15%
followed by Sonbhadra 51.44%, Chandauli 50.95%, Bhadohi 49.67%, Jaunpur
49.44%, Varanasi 47.92%, Mirzapur 47.61% and the minimum average PDI (46.17%)
was recorded in Pratapgarh in year 2019-20. Keywords: Survey,
Mustard, Blight, Alternaria brassicae |
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20 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 64-65
(2021) Effect of environmental factors on incidence of wilt of lentil
caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis. Kamlesh Ram*1 and Ramesh Singh2 1Deptt. of Plant Pathology, Brahmanand Post Graduate
College, Rath, Hamirpur (U.P.) India 2Deptt. of Plant Pathology, Tilak DharI Post Graduate
College, Jaunpur (U.P.) India *Corresponding author e-mail:
kamleshram.rath@gmail.com Paper received: 09.07.21, Revised received:
28.09.21, Paper
Accepted:
05.10.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract Environmental factors a significant
influence the development of lentil wilt incidence caused by Fusarium oxysporum
f. sp. lentis during two Rabi crop seasons 2018 & 2019. The
maximum disease incidence (28.33%) was observed in the 22 October during 2019
crop season, when the average temperature and average relative humidity was
23.450C and 67.5 per cent respectively. The minimum disease
incidence 4.50% recorded on 24 December 2019 and 6.20% in the year of 24
December 2018 in respect to average temperature 10.05 and 13.350C
and relative humidity 85.5 and 73.5 percent respectively. The average disease
incidence was more or less same in 29 October, 12 & 19 November, 3
December and 17 December during both the crop season of 2018 and 2019. Keywords: Environmental,
effect, Lentil, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis |
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Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 66-68
(2021) Synergism in the levels of protein, free amino acid and
ribonucleic acid in the eggs; during embryonic development of Mythimna separata (Walker) S.K.
Verma Department
of Zoology, T.D.P.G College, Jaunpur, India *Corresponding author e-mail: archi_sat@yahoo.com.sg Paper received: 22.06.21, Revised received:
24.09.21, Paper
Accepted:
28.09.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract Total protein, free amino acids and RNA
were determined in the eggs of the rice ear cutting caterpillar, Mythimna
separata during normal embryonic development. Protein content is highest
and amino acid is lowest at 0-8 h stage. At 8-16 h stage a rapid decline and
a simultaneously increase in amino acid concentration afterwards there is a
slight fluctuation in the amount of both these constituents. A continuous
significant increase is seen in the amount of RNA from 0 – 8 h to 32 – 40 h
of egg age group and later it shows a decreasing trend from 40 – 48 h to 64 –
72 h Keywords: Mythimna, amino
acid,
protein, RNA, normal embryonic development. |
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Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 69-71
(2021) Flora and human population sustainability under awareness
program to protect greenery: A mathematical approach Akhilesh Tripathi Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow *Corresponding author e-mail: nivelesh@rediffmail.com Paper received: 11.05.21, Revised received:
16.08.21, Paper
Accepted:
22.08.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract In
this paper, we attempt to apply a mathematical approach to examine what
happens if one person feels strongly that he should strive to make the
environment greener and inspire others to do the same and the process
continues. At any time t many factors are involved in this process for example
some have the potential to be inspired, some are already motivated, some are
active in this direction, some are carriers of ideas and some are motivated
but not (self) active in this direction. There are some factors and people
who oppose the awareness program which results in stagnation after some
stage; for this the point of stability is tried to obtained and discussed. Keywords: Environment,
population, sustanibility, Flora, Human population |
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Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 72-74
(2021) Flow of immiscible
fluids of different viscosity and density through a channel: Without using
Scriven Condition Akhilesh Tripathi Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow *Corresponding author e-mail: nivelesh@rediffmail.com Paper received: 26.04.21, Revised received:
11.09.21, Paper
Accepted:
15.09.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract In
this paper, we consider the steady flow of two immiscible Newtonian viscous
fluids of different viscosity and density through a rectilinear infinitely
long channel bounded by two plane plates with constant separation having
interface in the mid of the channel. For the channel flow the fluids having
(approximately?) same viscosity and density with interface at the centerline
the velocity profile for the fully developed flow is well known. On
introducing considerable difference in viscosity and shifting interface from
centerline, the problem gets complicated because of the mutual effect of the
flow characteristics of the two phases and discontinuity of the viscosity
near interface. An attempt here is made to analyze the flow using Fourier
series that converts the discontinuous function as infinite sum of continuous
sine and cosine terms. Continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equations are
presented in Fourier series form and simplified. The
study and method adopted may be useful to researchers in geo-environmental
engineering as the study of the behavior of immiscible fluids in soil is very
complex by other methods adopted. Keywords: Viscous fluids, Density, Interface |
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Exclusively Online Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 75-77
(2021) A systemic review on air quality modelling: Connecting present
and future scenarios Samridhi Dwivedi, Meenakshi Singh, Sonika Bhatia and Alfred
Lawrence* Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow *Corresponding author e-mail: alfred_lawrence@yahoo.com Paper received: 21.07.21, Revised received:
05.10.21 Paper
Accepted:
11.10.21, Category: Review Article |
Abstract Air pollution has attracted a great concern
due to rise in pollutants globally. Increased urbanisation and
industrialisation following by augmentation in vehicular load has led to poor
air quality in both developed as well as developing countries. Different
physical and numerical models with echelons of complexity have been emerged
in order to evaluate the air quality, possible health risk and further help
the professionals of the fields in decision making for proper abatement of
pollutants. Where physical modelling attempts to imitate air quality and
metrological conditions via exposing scaled facsimilia with various physical
input parameters, Mathematical models attempt to estimate concentration of
pollutants based on certain set of equations based on detail dispersion of
pollutants. The present review reveals the existing air quality models along
with their advantages and limitations and will help to draw conclusion and
ideas for future techniques of modelling. Keywords: Air
quality modelling, Box Models, Gaussian Model, Photochemical Model, Air
pollutants, receptor model, deterministic models. |
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Exclusively Online Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 78-79
(2021) Frequent usage of hand sanitizer during COVID-19 outbreak -
Pros and Cons Sonika
Bhatia*1, Archna Talwar1 and Kamlesh K. Yadav2 1Department of
Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow 2Department of
Zoology, Rajkeeya Mahavidyalaya, Unnao, U.P *Corresponding author e-mail: sonikaitc2@gmail.com Paper received: 07.07.21, Revised received:
12.10.21 Paper
Accepted:
17.10.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract As
COVID-19 continues to spread across the country, there has been a significant
increase in the demand for hand sanitizers to inhibit the transmission of the
virus in schools, hospitals, residential and commercial complexes, and other
public spaces.WHO has recommended alcohol-basedsanitizersas they are
effective in killing disease-causing agents like bacteria and viruses.By
using such products, individuals can better protect themselves from the
coronavirus and break the chain of COVID-19 infection from human-to-human
transmission. Also, growing awareness regarding hygiene and cleanliness
practices among people is enhancing the demand for hand and skin sanitization
products across the globe. The prolonged usage of hand sanitizers has been
habit formingleading to overuse of these chemicals that may become toxic to
human health and the environment. Frequent usage of alcohol-based products
can also lead to antimicrobial resistance leading to compromised immunity.
This review, in addition to highlighting the effectiveness of hand
sanitizers, also throws light on the serious side effects which may develop
from over usage. Keywords: COVID-19,Hand Sanitizers, Overuse, toxicity |
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Exclusively Online Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 80-81
(2021) Research laboratories for now and into the future ArchnaTalwar*,
Neha Chakroborty, Meenakshi Singh, Sonika Bhatia and Alfred Lawrence Department
of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow-226007, India *Corresponding author e-mail: atalwar05@yahoo.co.in Paper received: 25.06.21, Revised received:
11.10.21, Paper
Accepted:
13.10.21, Category: Original Article |
Abstract Modern
buildings are extremely harmful to the planet. The number of people on the
planet is growing so rapidly (5.3 billion in 1990; 8.1 billion by 2020; 10.7
billion in the 2080s) that we have increasingly sophisticated technologies to
exploit the Earth’s natural resources. But it should be widely known that
buildings are the single most damaging polluters on the planet, consuming
over half of all the energy used in developed countries and producing over
half of all climate-change gasses. One of the most energy-consuming buildings
that exist in the research laboratories in universities. Some of the common
equipment that exists are vacuum pumps, water baths, and Brunson burners all
of this equipment uses a lot of energy compared to even a regular office
building and the problem is exasperated when taking into account the
facilities that store organic substances that require a clean room that
maintain a particular temperature at all times. We will be looking at
different ways we can make these buildings eco-friendly. Keywords: Research labs, Sustainability, Eco-friendly, Lean practices |
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Exclusively Online Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 14(4) 88-82
(2021) Seed germination mechanism of Farsetia hamiltonii Royle in Indian arid ecosystem B.S.V. Prakash Department of Botany, Lucknow Christian Degree College, Lucknow,
India *Corresponding author e-mail:
drbsvprakash@gmail.com Paper received: 17.04.21; Revised received:
11.10.21 Paper
Accepted:
13.10.21; Category: Original Article |
Abstract An
angiospermic seed may appear simple externally but has a complex
ecophysiology for its germination mechanism . Seeds of many species exhibit
some kind of inhibition for immediate germination, even when the
environmental conditions are favourable for onset of the process. Dormancies
of weed seeds and those of arid-zone plants are biologically significant in
delaying germination until the environment is congenial for the development and
establishment of seedlings. Dormancy in seeds can be caused by
characteristics of seeds or by the prevailing environment. The weed collected
in September 1986 were stored in polythene containers. Seeds are
yellowish-brown in colour with papery margin, Fresh seeds did not germinate
in control as well as in any light condition and Other seed characteristics
like weight, size, imbibition are given. Keywords: Farsetia
hamiltonii, angiospermic seed, environmental conditions, germination, GA, IAA |