RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND LIFE SCIENCES

Volume-1, Number-2, August-2008

12.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 45-48 (2008) Determination of detergent toxicity in haematological profile of fish (H. fossilis) Ranjeet Singh Baghel*, Dharam Singh, Kamlesh K. YadavandS.P.Trivedi EnvironmentalToxicology Laboratory, Department of zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow - 226 007, India *e-mail: ranjeetsinghbaghel@gmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: The present studies were aimed to evaluate the toxic potential of detergent effluent on various blood parameters in a fish model. For this purpose 15 days prior acclimatized fish, H. fossilis were exposed to 25, 50, 75 and 100% dilutions of detergent effluent for 15 days of exposure period. Significant decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) content from 12.67 to 9.73%, red blood cells (RBC) from 4.64 to 2.85 x10^6/ mm^3, Heamatocrit (%) from 38.59 to 30.64% and clotting time (CT) from 31.50 to 18.60 second was recorded after the stipulated sampling period. Whereas the WBC count increased from 14.50 to 29.50 x10^3/ mm^3, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) from 83.06 to 107.44 cµ, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) from 27.40 to 34.14% after the stipulated sampling period, respectively. Key words: H. fossilis, Blood, Tanda loom washing effluent, Hb, RBC, WBC, CT, MCH, MCV
13.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 49-52 (2008) Effect of sewage-water on seed germination and early seedling growth in pulses Shefali Srivastava, Kumkum Mishra* and P. K. Tandon Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow- 226 007, India *e-mail: dr_kumkum@rediffmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and gram (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds were grown on different concentrations of sewage-water to study its toxic effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The germination % was found decreased with increase in concentration of sewage-water in both crops species. In morphological parameters i.e. plumule length, radicle length, number of lateral roots, fresh weight, dry weight and moisture % were also found to decrease with increase in concentration of sewage-water in both crops. In black gram 10% sewage-water treatment was showed promotory effects while in case of gram the growth was promoted from 10 to 50% of sewage-water concentration and it start decrease from 75% of sewage-water treatment. Key words: Black gram, Gram, Sewage-water, Morphological parameters
14.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 53-54 (2008) Effect of integrated organic and inorganic fertilizers use on uptake of Zn and Cu and growth of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) plants Poonam Verma and S.N. Panday* Botany Department, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226 007, India *e-mail: snpandey511@gmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to study the comparative effects of NPK fertilizers @ 50 kg ha^-1,and its combination with vermicompost @ 5 tons ha^-1 amendment in alluvial soil on uptake of Zn and Cu, and growthresponses of lentil (Lens culinaris Medic) plants. Thesoilwas deficient in Zn and Cu were amended with ZnSO4 and CuSO4@ 10 kg ha^-1and 2 kg ha^-1respectively before sowing the seeds in each treatment, except control (soil without any treatment). The uptake of Zn was increased at each treatment of fertilizers amendment (0 (T0), ZnSO4+CuSO4(T1), NPK fertilizers(T2), NPK fertilizers + vermicompost (T3) than the control. Whereas, maximum Zn uptake (21µg Zn g^-1 dry weight) was observed significantly at NPK fertilizers in combination with vermicompost amended soil (T3) than the plants grown in soil amended with NPK fertilizers only (15µg Zn g^-1 dry weight) or control soil without any amendment (8.8 µg Zn g^-1 dry weight). Vermicompost with NPK fertilizers amended soil was stimulated length, dry matter production, total chlorophyll, sugar content and uptake of Zn more as compared to only NPK fertilizers amended soil. Uptake of Cu in lentil was not significantly affected with NPK fertilizers or NPK fertilizers- vermicompost amended soil. Key words: Organic and inorganic fertilizers, Growth, Lentil, Zn, Cu
15.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 55-58 (2008) Assessment of physico-chemical properties and heavy metal concentration in Gomati river Shashank Shekhar Mishra* and Ajai Mishra Centre of Advanced Study in Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India *e-mail: enviroshashank@rediffmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Impacts of domestic and industrial wastes on the water chemistry of river Gomati with special reference to heavy metals have been investigated in different years (2006 to 2008). The Gomati river receives industrial as well as domestic wastes from various drains of Lucknow city. In this process water ofriver Gomati gets contaminated with heavy metals and other pollutants. High concentrations of all metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn were noticed in water at allstations and concentration of these metals was observed toincrease from 2006 to 2008, while cadmium was found below the detectable limit at all stations. Higher concentration of these metals in water could be due to domestic sewage, industrial effluent and agricultural runoff coming into the river. The pH, BOD, COD and TSS values were also iobserved to increases day by day due to increase in quantity of industrial effluents and sewage water being dischargedin the river. The level of DO decreases due to increase in BOD and COD. Key words: Heavy metals, Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, Lead, Copper, Zinc, Water
16.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 59-60 (2008) Physico-chemical characteristics of pulp and paper mill effluent Zulfiqar Ali* and Masihur Rahman Department of Industrial Chemistry, Integral University, Lucknow, India *e-mail: pai2005gam@yahoo.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: The liquid effluents of pulp and paper mill, Darshannagar, Faizabad are discharged in a nullah through different channel. The variations in the physicochemical characteristics were observed and monitored at three different sites. During 2007-08 effluent samples were found to contain high TDS, BOD, COD, Temperature, pH, colour, odour and conductivity, above the recommended tolerance limits for irrigation and drinking purposes. Key words:Pulp and paper mill, Effluent, Physico-chemical
17.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 61-64 (2008) Effect of pulp and paper mill effluent on germination, growth, biochemical parameters and bioaccumulation of heavy metal in Pisum sativum Amar Nath Giri* Environment Management System, NFCL, Nagarjuna Road, Kakinada, India *e-mail: amarnathgiri@nagarjunagroup.com, goswami818@yahoo.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: The crude treated effluent was collected from pulp and paper industry from its outlet. Different concentration i.e. control (0), 10, 20, 50 and 100% were prepared from the effluent using distilled water. Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum) were soaked in different concentrations of effluents and allowed to germinate in sand pot. The germination percentage on 10^th day was gradually decreased in various dilutions of treated effluents. The fresh wt., dry wt., chlorophyll contents and protein content were increased with increase in dilution of treated pulp and paper mill effluent. However, the 100% of treated effluent were resulting in retardation of growth. The effect on enzyme due to application of different dilutions of treated effluent showed that value of peroxidase and catalase were increased with increase in concentration. The value of acid phosphtase was increased with increase in concentration till 50% of treated effluent while ribonuclease value was significantly decreases with increase in concentration of treated effluent in 25% but increased in 50% and 100% of treated effluent concentration. Fe, Ni and Cd concentration were increased significantly with increase in concentration of effluent. Key words: Pulp and paper mill, Effluent, Chlorophyll, Acid phosphatase, Peroxidase, Catalase, Ribonuclease, Protein
18.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 65-68 (2008) Harmful effects of air pollutants in biochemical parameters of plants Shilpa Shyam*, K. Nath and Dharam Singh Laboratory of Environmental Sciences, Department of Botany,University of Lucknow, Lucknow – 226 007, India *e-mail: shilpa_lko@yahoo.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Variations in biochemical parameters can be used as indicators of air pollution.Analysis data reveals that TSPM and RSPM level was exponentially higher during winter and summer season. The concentration of SO2 and NOx was greatly influenced by the automobile emission. Higher concentration was found in commercial area while NOx concentration was found higher than SO2. Higher level of pheophytin reduction was found in winter season in all the plant species, when the pollution level was high. The average pheophytin content in plant leaves all the location showed that values were higher than chlorophyll content, which indicates the conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin or reduced biosynthesis. Protein content was found reduce in both plants species, and the maximum reduction was found in plants at commercial locations where the pollution level was comparatively high. An increase in POD activity was observed at commercial location ion comparison to residential locations. This study observed that at commercial locations and in winter season, stress on plants was higher. Key words: TSPM, RSPM, SO2, NOx, Polyalthia longifolia, Ficus religiosa, Chlorophyll, Pheophytin, Carotenoids, Protein, Peroxidase
19.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 69-70 (2008) In vivo haematological changes due to antibacterial drug chloramphenicol in Charles Foster rat Jyotsna*^1,2, V. Gupta^1 and R.K. Singh^2 ^1Department of Zoology, Lucknow University, Lucknow-226 007, India ^2Division of Toxicology, C.D.R.I., Lucknow-226 001,India *e-mail: jyotsnagaur@yahoo.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Antibacterial drug chloramphenicol was orally administered to Charles Foster strain of albino rats. Twenty four rats were divided into four groups of six rats, having equal number of male and female rats. I^stGroup rats served as control group, while II^nd, III^rd andIV^thGroup rats served as treated groups. These groups were orally administered the selected dose levels of 140 mg kg^-1, 280 mg kg^-1, and560 mg kg^-1 body weight and control group received 1.50 ml distilled water for 5 days. The significant changes were observed in haematological parameters. Total leucocyte count, total erythrocyte count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, platelet count were significantly decreased and mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration increaseddue to above dose levels. Key words: In vivo, Chloramphenicol,Haematological parameters
20.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 71-72 (2008) Impact of bio-medical waste incinerator in environment of Lucknow city Reetanjali Singh* and Ajai Mishra Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Geology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow-226 007, India *e-mail: singh_reetanjali@rediffmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: The bio-medical waste is the waste generated by the hospitals, nursing homes and clinical laboratories consisting of human tissues, organs, body parts, body fluids and blood products, excreta and other anatomical wastes, swab, soiled cotton and bandages, needles ,disposable syringes, scalpels, IV fluid bottles, bags, catheters, uro-bags, amputees, bottles, expired medicines and used gloves etc. Information on the elemental content of incinerator ash (Produced during burning of human organ, animal and medical waste in incinerators) is scanty in India. In this study nineteen trace elements were analyzed in incinerator ash collected from three major hospitals, of Lucknow city. Concentrations of zinc and lead were found to be very high in comparison to other metals due to burning of plastic products. The source of Ca, P and K are mainly bone, teeth and other animal organs. A wide variation in trace concentration of several toxic elements has also been seen due to variation in initial waste composition, design of the incinerator and operating conditions. Key words: Trace elements, Incinerator, Hospital waste
21.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 73-76 (2008) Micro-nutrient based approach to reduce nickel toxicity in spinach (Spinacia oleracea. L) Shiv. S. Yadav, Veer Pratap Singh, Aditya Verma, Priyanka Sharma and Y.K.Sharma* Laboratory of Environment science, Department of Botany, Lucknow University, Lucknow-226 007, India *e-mail: Yogesh_s26@yahoo.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: Wire house pot culture experiments were carried out to know the ability of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L., c.v. Kataidar) to tolerate the elevated levels of nickel in soil. The cultivar was grown in alluvial soil with 0, 200, 500 and 1000 µM of nickel andfor the recovery of the damage due to higher concentrationof nickel (500 and 1000 µM) with boron (150 and 300 µM) and copper (50 and100 µM).The results revealed that the increased level of nickel causes reduction in fresh and dry weights and pigment contents( chlorophyll, pheophytin, carotenoid) both in 45 and 90 days of estimation. The biomass yield and pigment contents significantlyincreased with the treatment of boron and copperin combination with nickel as compared to respective concentrations of nickel alone (500 and 1000 µM). Key words: Fresh weight, Dry weight, Chlorophyll, Pheophytin, Carotenoid
22.	Original Paper Res. Environ. Life Sci., 1(2) 77-80 (2008) Biomedical waste management practices at Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow: A case study Saurabh Gupta*^2, Ram Boojh^1, Ajai Mishra^2,Shalini Verma^2 and Neeraj Agarwal^2 ^1Programme Specialist, Ecological and Earth Sciences, UNESCO, New Delhi - 110 029, India ^2Department of Geology, Environmental Sciences, University of Lucknow, Lucknow - 226 007, India *e-mail: sguptalko@rediffmail.com (Download full paper)	Abstract: In recent time there is an increasing concern about the harmful effects of waste generated by human activities. Especially medical care at a Healthcare Establishments (HcEs), contributes significantly to pollute the environment and produce the pollution by way of biomedical wastes which is depleting our natural and financial resources. The main objective to carry out this study was the analysis of biomedical waste management practices at Chatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow. This study presents an overview of the current management practices of biomedical waste at the University. Information regarding the generation, composition, segregation, treatment, and disposal of biomedical wastes is provided and discussed. The study recommends strict enforcement of legal provisions and a better environment management system for the scientific management of biomedical waste in the Medical University, as well as other healthcare establishments in Lucknow. Key words: Biomedical waste, Disinfection, Healthcare establishment, Infectious waste, Handling