RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-2, Number-4, November-2009
(A Multidisciplinary, Peer reviewed / Referred Research Journal
Concerned with Environment and Life Sciences)
(p-ISSN: 0974-4908)
|
|
|
|
|
37. |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 185-192 (2009) Nature’s scavengers: vultures Sonika Kushwaha1, Amita Kanaujia*1 and Dhruvjyoti
Basu2 1Department of Zoology, 2Gharial Conservation *e-mail:
kanaujia.amita@gmail.com (Received: May 18, 2009; Revised
received: September 15, 2009; Accepted: September 29, 2009) |
Abstract: The current status of vultures once again
highlights the results of human follies. It is evident that the Asian vultures
are disappearing faster than the dodo-and like them a victim of human
activities. The toll on the vultures has been enormous. Mortalities have been
recorded across many parts of Key words:
Vultures,
Breeding, Natural scavengers, Incinerators |
|
38. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 193-200 (2009) Long term effect of tannery effluent toxicity on
crops and modulation of toxicity through zinc, iron and potassium Kamlesh
Nath* Laboratory
of Environmental Sciences, Department of Botany, *e-mail: nathkamlesh@rediffmail.com (Received: January 04, 2009; Revised received: June 29, 2009;
Accepted: July 08, 2009) |
Abstract: In the fellow up experiment the residual soil of
different dilutions of treated tannery effluent (T.E.)(10, 25, 50 and 100%)
and for the recovery purpose protective value of 10 and 25 ppm of certain macro (potassium) and micro nutrient (Iron
and zinc) with combination of 50% TE in separate pots were used. The various
growth parameters, pigments, enzymes activity, total protein, total sugar and
metals’ accumulation, leaf area, fresh and dry weights were studied in maize
plants. The residual treatments present in soil significantly affect plant
growth and plant productivity of maize while all growth parameters were found
to be higher with 25 ppm of ZnSO4, K2SO4
and FeSO4 in combination with 50% TE. Pigment contents
(chlorophyll, pheophytins and carotenoid) at 45th day were found to be increased in 10% and
started to decrease from 25% to 100% level of TE. The protein and sugar were
significantly decreased as TE increased. In recovery treatments higher sugar
and protein contents were observed when 50% TE was used with 10 ppm ZnSO4 and FeSO4and 25 ppm of K2SO4. The catalase and
peroxidase significantly increased but decreased with 100% concentration of
TE. The chromium concentration significantly increased with increasing
concentration of TE in both leaf and seed. In recovery treatments the chromium
was found higher in both leaf and seed with 10 ppm
ZnSO4, K2SO4 and FeSO4 when
combinedly used with 50% TE. The zinc, potassium and iron concentration were
decreased with increasing concentration of tannery effluent in both leaf and
seed. While in 10% tannery effluent, potassium and iron were increased in
both leaf and seed and zinc in seeds. Overall, in recovery treatments zinc
showed highest and significant recovery in most of theparameters.
Iron also showed almost similar effects to the zinc while potassium showed
minimum recovery. Key words: Fellow up-experiment,Tannery
effluent, chromium (VI), pigments, amylase, catalase,
peroxidase, sugar, protein, metal
accumulation, Organic matter, pH, EC, CaCO3,Zinc,
Iron, Potassium |
|
39. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 201-206 (2009) Relative distribution
pattern of tree biodiversity in landslide prone areas of east Sikkim, India Laydong Lepcha1*,
P. Mandal2and T.K. Misra3 1Bioinformatics 2 Department of Botany, 3Department of Tea
Management, *e-mail: laydsimick@gmail.com / layd_simick@yahoo.co.in (Received: March 11, 2009; Revised received: September 28,
2009; Accepted: October 02, 2009) |
Abstract: Landslide has become one of the major natural
disaster factors of Key words: Ecosystem,
Biodiversity, Landslide, pH, Vegetation, Sustainability |
|
40. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 207-210 (2009) Xylene degradation using methylotrophs
P. Ashwini and Priya Iyer* Department
of Biotechnology, Women‘s Christian College, Chennai-600 006, India *e-mail:
brajuraj@yahoo.com (Received:
May 24, 2009; Revised received: September 22, 2009; Accepted: October 05,
2009) |
Abstract: Methylobacterium species was
isolated from Key words:
Xylene, Methylotrophs, Degradation, Hydrocarbons |
|
41. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 211-214 (2009) Effect of river water pollution on hematological parameters of
fish, Wallago attu
Brijendra Pratap Singh* and P. K. Tandon Department of Botany, Faculty of
Science, *e-mail:
p.brijendra@gmail.com (Received: April 14, 2009; Revised received: September 02,
2009; Accepted: September 18, 2009) |
Abstract: The blood parameters have been used
as sensitive indicator of stress in fish exposed to different water
pollutants and toxicants, such as metals, biocides, pesticides, chemical
industrial effluents, etc. These metallic ions are the probable major
cause of the physiological abnormalities in fish. The toxicity of hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, chlorine and heavy metals in river
water was found to be very harmful to fishes and water animals to some extent
is also responsible for fish mortality. The haematological
parameters of the fish, Wallago attu (Padhan) from the
river Suheli and the river Gomti
were studied and compared. The changes in the morphological appearances of
the fishes were observed such as the difference in colour
and length. The fish from the Suheli river was
found to be healthier as compared to the one collected from the river Gomti which was observed to be thinner, darker and
unhealthy in appearance. The various haematological
parameters taken into study were Hb, RBCs, WBCs,
TLC, ESR, Key word: Wallago attu, Hb, RBCs, WBCs, TLC,
ESR, |
|
42. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 215-218 (2009) Evaluation of some higher
plants for the control of ripe fruit rot and die-back diseases of chillies S.K. Sahoo*1,
Aditya Verma2
and A.R. Saxena3 1Department of Botany, 2Department of Botany, 3Department of Botany, D.A.V.P.G.College,
*e-mail:
drsantoshksahu@yahoo.in (Received: April 07, 2009; Revised received: September 22,
2009; Accepted: September 29, 2009) |
Abstract: The
antifungal activity of ethanolic extracts of some
higher plants evaluated against colletotrichum capsici involved in ripe fruit root and die-back
disease of chillies. On screening the ethanolic extracts of different plant parts of 45 higher
plants for their antifungal activity by “modified paper disc technique”. The ethanolic extract of leaf of Holoptelia
integrifolia (Roxb.) planch exhibited maximum toxicity against the test fungus
inhibiting the mycelial growth upto
100%. Key words: Higher
plant, Antifungal activity, Ripe fruit rot, Die-back disease |
|
43. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 219-222 (2009) Effect of IAA on flowering responses, metabolites and enzymes in
Cucumis sativus Gopal Tewari*, Manoj
Kumar Soni, Sandeep Kaur and Y.K. Sharma Department of Botany, *e-mail:
tewarigopal@gmail.com (Received: May 17, 2009; Revised
received: October 12, 2009; Accepted: October 18, 2009) |
Abstract: Seeds of cucumber,Cucumis sativus
L., variety Jyoti Green Long, were
exposed in different concentrations of IAA (0 – as control, 25, 50 and 100 mg
L-1), for varying durations (24, 48 and 72 hr). After two weeks
five seedlings from each petridish were
transplanted in pots. The days to anthesis were
highest in control for both male and female flowers, which gradually reduced
as the increasing concentration of IAAwas applied.
Similarly, the average nodal position bearing first flower was highest in
control which consistently decreased with increasing concentration and
duration of IAA treatment. The total No. ofmale
flowers showed a declining trend with the increasing application of IAA.
However, percentage of pollen sterility were
increased in plants raised from seeds that were applied with 25, 50 and 100
mg L-1 IAA for 24 hrrespectively. Number
of female flowers formed, was markedly increased over control with the
elevation of IAA concentration. Total sucrose content during pre-flowering
stage was highest (240.0 µmol g-1 fresh weight) in control but on
treatment with IAA it decreased to significantly lower value of 197.5 µmol g-1
fresh weight in plants grown from seeds treated with 100 mg L-1
IAA for 72 hr. There was a decline in the sucrose content as well when
flowering took place in all the plants. The highest concentration of starch
at pre-flowering stage was observed in plants raised from seeds that were
given 100 mg L-1 IAA for 72 hr (0.350 mgg-1
fresh weight), a significant difference from control. The starch content,
however, was lowered at the flowering stage as compared to pre-flowering
stage in all the plants. Total protein content, also, increased over control
with the increasing concentration and duration of IAA application. During
pre-flowering stage the sucrose synthase activity
consistently decreased as compared to control with the increasing
concentration of IAA. Activity of acid invertase,
though, showed a trend just opposite to that of sucrose synthase.
At pre-flowering acid invertase activity was 104.24
µmol g-1 fresh weight in control which
increased to 116.25 µmol g-1 fresh weight
when 25 mg L-1 IAAwas applied to
seeds for 24 hr. In contrast to the activity
of IAA oxidase, the activity of polyphenoloxidase
(PPO) as well as of peroxidase increased in both the conditions – when plants
switched from pre-flowering stage to flowering stage and also when IAA was
applied, the concentration and duration again show a cumulative effect. Key words: IAA,
Acid invertase, IAA oxidase,
Pre-flowering, Protein, Cucumis sativus, Male and female flowers, Anthesis |
|
44. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 223-230 (2009) Flow through a pipe bounded by four sinusoidally
varying with opposite plates differing in phase byand
separated by a constant mean distance Akhilesh
Tripathi* and Sunil Datta Department
of Mathematics, *e-mail:
nivelesh@rediffmail.com (Received: April 07, 2009; Revised
received: September 15, 2009; Accepted: September 18, 2009) |
Abstract: In this
paper we consider the steady flow of a viscous fluid through a rectilinear
pipe bounded by four sinusoidally varying with
opposite plates differing in phase byand separated
by a mean distance. For the non-varying rectilinear pipe with rectangular
cross section, the classical velocity profile for the fully developed flow is
well known. An attempt here is made to analyze the flow in a generalized
non-orthogonal coordinate system that renders the wavy pipe as plane walled
pipe. Continuity equation and Navier-Stokes
equations are presented in the generalized coordinate system and simplified
through use of small perturbation under small Reynolds number approximation.
Flow characteristics such as centerline velocity have been evaluated and
discussed. The results of the paper have possible applications in developing
and designing environment pollution control related equipments and also in
modeling. Key words: Wavy pipe, Navier-Stoke
equations, Small Reynolds number, Perturbation |
|
45. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 231-234 (2009) Studies on effect of mercury
in wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings Poonam Misra* and P.K. Tandon Department of Botany, *e-mail:
dr.poonammisra@yahoo.com (Received: December 19, 2008; Revised received: August 11,
2009; Accepted: August 18, 2009) |
Abstract: Petridish culture experiment was
carried out to know the phytotoxic effect of
different concentration of mercury on (1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mM)
wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. Chlorosis was found to be most
common symptom of mercury toxicity. Brown coloration in root, reduction in
their number and size and damage of root tip were also observed during the
course of time. A periodical change from green colour
to yellow was seen in leaves at excess dose of mercury in both seedlings.
Both negative and positive effects were observed on the chlorophyll content
in wheat and maize seedlings at different doses of mercury. Concentration of
chlorophyll ‘a’ induced at lowest dose of mercury in maize plant. While at
2.0 and 4.0 mM dose of mercury, plant showed
reduction in concentration of chlorophyll ‘a’. A dose dependent increase in
pheophytin over control was observed in the leaves of maize plants. Mercury
also increased carotenoid content in maize plants at lower doses (1.0 and 2.0
mM). However, at 4.0 mM
Hg, carotenoid content was found to lower. A dose of 1.0 and 2.0 mM of this metal wheat seedlings showed an inhibitory
effect on sugar concentration, while at 4.0 mM dose
of mercury stimulated the content of sugar. Graded level of mercury in both
seedling caused enhancement of protein content. Maximum enhancement of
protein was found at higher dose of mercurous chloride. Catalase activity
decreases significantly in both seedlings after treatment with different
doses of mercury. Inhibitory effect on the activity of peroxidase enzyme increases
at higher doses of mercury in wheat plants. Activity of amylase in wheat
plant at seedling stage was found to be decreased with increase in the
concentration of mercury. Key words:
Mercury,
Triticum aestivum,
Zea mays,
Catalase, Peroxidase, Pigments, Sugar, Protein |
|
46 |
Exclusively Online Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 235-238 (2009) Entrepreneurship
in fisheries in india: A review Chitra Singh* Department of Zoology,
Isabella Thoburn P.G College, Lucknow 226007, India *e-mail:
csingh19a@gmail.com (Received:
May 11, 2009; Revised received: October 26, 2009; Accepted: November 01,
2009) |
Abstract: Commodity based entrepreneurship development in diverse sectors bring out the concept of
entrepreneurship with an aim of developing small-scale industries thereby
contributing to economic growth. Indian fisheries is considered as an
emerging sector that can uplift rural development, gender mainstreaming, food
and nutritional security, self employment, trade and commerce as well as
export income. Entrepreneurial opportunities in fisheries sector need
exploration and utilization via entrepreneurial motivation and technology
empowerment. Growth in this sector shall provide employment and
entrepreneurship in field like capture and culture fishery activities like
processing, seed production,transportation,
cold chain, packaging, navigation and many more associated with his field. Key words: Entrepreneurship, Fisheries, Aquaculture |
|
47 |
Exclusively Online Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 239-241 (2009) Studies
on seeds feasibility and floral contrast in Tecomella undulata
(sm.) Seem. in Indian desert B.S.V. Prakash Department of Botany,
Lucknow Christian Degree College, Lucknow, India *e-mail: sylvin1@rediffmail.com (Received: May 19, 2009; Revised received: October 12, 2009;
Accepted: October 19, 2009) |
Abstract: Tecomella undulata is an indigenous tree species found
in the desert of Rajasthan state in lndia. Seeds
were obtained from identified plus trees of Tecomella
undulata from six districts (Jalore, Pali, Sikar, Churu, Bikaner and Nagaur) of Rajasthan were evaluated for seed size,
germination percentage, mean daily germination, peak value, germination
value, germination rate, seedling growth and shoot vigour
index at nursery stage. Seed germination for three distinct morphotypes (Yellow, Orange and Red) of Tecomella undulata
was also recorded and it was observed that seeds collected from yellow
colored flower shows higher seed germination. The trees with yellow flowers
are dominant and have been considered as most advanced and appear to be moresuitable for arid environment. Key words: Tecomella undulata, environment, shoot vigour index, germination rate, seedling growth |
|
48 |
Exclusively Online Res. Environ. Life Sci., 2(4) 242-245 (2009) Bionomics
and biology of Indian desert plant Farsetia hamiltonii royle B.S.V. Prakash Department of Botany, Lucknow Christian
Degree College, Lucknow, India *e-mail:
sylvin1@rediffmail.com (Received:
May 15, 2009; Revised received: September 22, 2009; Accepted: September 29,
2009) |
Abstract: Farsetia hamiltonii Royle,
also known as hiran chabba
grows in desert regions,a
rainy season weed as well as important constituent of and
dune vegetation, was found to exist in different edaphic
conditions in Indian desert. It is a medicinally important annual plant from
the Cholistan desert that belongs to the tribe Anastaticeae and clade C of the
Brassicaceae family. Investigation
have been carried out on variations of leaf area, pubsencence,
stomatal regulation and water relations in rainy
and winter seasons. Reduction in leaf area, dense covering of epidermal hairs
and decrease in stomatal pore width have been found
as some of the adaptive strategies with the used as folk medicine to treat
joint pains, diarrhea and diabetes. However, its antioxidant and iron chelation abilities both in vitro and in vivo have not
yet been investigated. Key words: Farsetia hamiltonii Royle,
Indian desert, Cholistan desert, Brassicaceae family, folk medicine, joint pains |