RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-4, Number-3, August-2011
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21. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 97-98 (2011) The new record for Teratolytta flavipes of blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae) from A.Faraji1,
1Faculty of Biological Science, Islamic 2Faculty of Biological Science, 3 Faculty of Science, *e-mail: shayestehfar@hotmail.com (Received: May 02, 2011; Revised
received: August 18, 2011; Accepted: August20, 2011) |
Abstract: During the investigation in spring 2010 (April
to June) while collecting blister beetles from Namak
koor, atArak county, a
few specimens of Teratolytta were collected among
the other species, which is closely agree with the Teratolytta
flavipes. This is the first record of this
species of Teratolytta flavipes from Key words: Meloidae,
Blister beetles, Teratolytta flavipes, new record, |
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22. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 99 -104 (2011) Biochemical changes in
cluster bean after infection with Macrophomina
phaseolina and RAPD based genetic variability
among cultivated varieties Anubhuti Sharma*, Neha Joshi, Pratibha Sharma and Vinay
Sharma Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, *e-mail: sharmaanubhuti@yahoo.com (Received: December 22, 2010; Revised received: July 24,
2011; Accepted: July 28, 2011) |
Abstract: Defense related enzymes are the key to any
resistance or plant pathogen studies. The biochemical response of guar
against Macrophomina phaseolina
infection was investigated by comparing normal and diseased plants of
four varieties of cluster bean i.e. RGC-936, RGC-1002, RGC-1003 and
RGC-1031 at different ages after different time intervals of inoculation.
There was a marked increase in PAL and phenolics in
elicitor treated guar plantlets as compared to control plantlets over a
period of 15 days. The maximum accumulation of phenolic
acids in infected plants was revealed to be 23% higher than in control after
120 hr of infection in all the four cultivars. Similarly, PAL activity was
also significantly increased by 37% after 96 or 120 hr of infection depending
upon the cultivar in comparison to control. RAPD analysis has proven to be an
effective and efficient method for genetic diversity analysis, varietal
identification and mapping of genome. Extracted DNA was amplified with 15
random 10 mers primers and amplified fragments were
separated on 1.5% agarose gel and data were
analyzed to determine polymorphism. Investigations on the use of RAPD markers
enabled us to estimate genetic variability among commercially cultivated
varieties. Cluster analysis revealed three different groups of varieties
directly associated to their place of origin. RAPD markers were also able to
differentiate varieties of same origin or even selection from same parents.
This information can be used for identification of varieties and further crop
improvement programme. Key words: Clusterbean, Macrophomina phaseolina, Polymorphism, RAPD |
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23. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 105-108 (2011) Effect of population size
and sex on the feeding potential of Poecilia
reticulata (guppy) against Culex
quinquefasciatus larvae Saliu, Joseph. Kayode*, Anogwih, Joy. Anuri.
and Titus, Okechukwu.Kingsley. Department of Zoology, Faculty of
Science, *e-mail: saliujk@yahoo.com (Received: April 15, 2011; Revised
received: August19, 2011; Accepted: August20, 2011) |
Abstract: The effect of population size, and sex on the larvivorus potential of Poecilia
reticulata
(Poeciliidae) against Culex
quinquefasciatus was investigated. Varying
number of fish of similar sizes (3.50±0.20cm) was exposed to a fixed number
of larvae. Subsequently fixed number of larvae was introduced to varying
population of guppies of different sexes with sizes ranging from 2.10-2.70cm
and 3.00-3.80cm for male and female respectively. The number of mosquito
larvae consumed in each set up was recorded at time intervals of 10, 30 and
60, 120, 180 and 270 minutes. Each set up was replicated six times. Anova and t- test were used to evaluate the data for
statistical significance. The larvivorus ability of
guppy increased significantly with increase in population size, and time
(p<0.05). Female only populations of guppy consumed more larvae than their
male only counterparts (p<0.05). Further investigations on other factors
that are likely to affect guppy predatory potentials are required so as to
increase its efficiency as a biological control agent against mosquito larvae
species. Key words: Poecilia reticulata, Mosquito larvae,Population, Size,
Sex |
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24. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 109-112 (2011) A case study of integrated fish farming in Uttar Pradesh, India:
Profitability and Sustainability Nurul Haque1,
Abubakar Ansari2,
Dinesh Kumar2, Ruchi
Singh2, Sharad C Srivastava2
and A.K. Singh2* 1Department of Fisheries, Andhrapul,
Varanasi-221001, 2National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, *e-mail: aksingh56@rediffmail.com (Received: April 10, 2011; Revised received: August 12, 2011;
Accepted: August 14, 2011) |
Abstract: Integrated fish farming (IFF) is a
sustainable-agriculture technology practiced widely in Asia including Key words: Integrated fish culture,
Freshwater, Prawn, Aquaculture, Livestock |
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25. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 113-114 (2011) Cost effective purification
process of raw municipal water for drinking purpose Monika Kamboj*,
Richa Khare**, Jaya pandey and Smriti Khare Department
of Chemistry, e-mail: monikakamboj@yahoo.com*,
richa_khare2005@yahoo.com** (Received: April 03, 2011; Revised received: August15, 2011;
Accepted: August17, 2011) |
Abstract: Water is elixir for life. Water is an important national asset
and prime resource for the socio-economic development of the country. Potable
water scarcity is a crucial issue throughout the globe; however its
availability is highly uneven in terms of both space and time. The total
fresh water available for drinking is not even pure due to the contamination
in water ranging from heavy metals to dissolved organic and inorganic
pollutants from various resources. Therefore, there is a dire need for
development of water treatment procedure to make water fit for drinking and
domestic use. Lime Soda Bleach treatment plant can be promising process used
to purify water. Water is purified by the addition of lime (CaO) and soda ash (Na2CO3) that reduces the level of calcium and
magnesium in Ist stage of treatment. After that it
is deionized and finally it is treated with
activated charcoal filter. Analysis at the various stages of treatment allows
monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment process, and the analysis of
purified water ensures the correct degree of purification, as per required
standards, is obtained Key words: Hardness, De-ionization,
Charcoal filter, Treatment plant |
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26. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 115 -118 (2011) Decolourization of textile dye using Aspergillus
flavus and Trichoderma
viride M. Kannahi* and P.G.
and Research Department of Microbiology, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust Women’s College, Sundarakkottai
, Mannargudi-614 001,India *e-mail: Kannahisri79@gmail.com (Received: April 28, 2011; Revised received: August25, 2011;
Accepted: August26, 2011) |
Abstract: This study presents microbial decolourization of textile dye through fungal strains
which were collected fromtextile dye disposal area
at Kumbakonam. The serial dilution method was used
for isolation of fungi. The isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus
flavus and Trichoderma
viride dye decolourization
ability were screened by using plating method. PDA broth was prepared and Aspergillus flavus
and Trichoderma viride
culture were inoculated and incubated at 27oC for 72 hr. After
72 hr, blue and pink dyes were added. Trichoderma
viride maximum decolourized
the blue and pink colour dye respectively 84.5 and
86.0% compared with Aspergillus flavus. In this study, maximum dye decolourization was noted in Trichoderma
viride packed column when compared with Aspergillus flavus packed
column. Physico-chemical parameter of dye effluent was analyzed using
standard manuals. Key words: Dye, Decolourization, Textile, Blue
dye, Pink dye, Aspergillus flavus, Trichoderma
viride |
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27. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 119 -124 (2011) Effect of chromium (VI) on
growth and metabolism of Spinacia oleracea (spinach) plants Akash
Vikram*, Tulika Johri and P.K.Tandon Department
of Botany, * email:
akashvikram05@gmail.com (Received: January 15, 2011; Revised
received: May 12, 2011; Accepted: May 14, 2011) |
Abstract: Heavy metal pollution in environment is of global concern.
Chromium has been found to be highly toxic heavy metal, and is found in all
the phases of the environment including air, water and soil. It has multifarious
industrial uses. The leather industry is the major cause for the influx of
chromium to the biosphere. The present study was conducted to evaluate effect
of Cr (VI) on the growth and metabolism of Spinacia
oleracea (Spinach) plants. The results indicated
that with the increasing Cr concentration plant height, number of leaves,
fresh and dry weight reduced significantly. The photosynthetic pigments,
protein and sugar concentration found to be decreased significantly. The
catalase activity was significantly increased with the increase in chromium concentration, it was maximum at 0.25mM and minimum at
1.0mM chromium. However the peroxidase was increased significantly at 0.5mM
and 1.0mM chromium concentration. Key words:
Chromium, Spinach, Chlorophyll,
Catalase, Carbohydrate, Protein |
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28. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 125-128 (2011) Assessment of potential
plastic degrading fungi isolated from soil buried plastic pieces at Coovam river bank Jayshree Annamalai and Thangaraju
Nallamuthu* Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu, India *e-mail: nthangam@gmail.com (Received: April 15, 2011; Revised
received: August11, 2011; Accepted: August12, 2011) |
Abstract: Plastic materials like polyethylene (PE) are the
potential source of environmental pollution. Their presence in soil causes
infertility of soil, preventing degradation of other normal substances, in
addition to which it presents a danger to animal life. In the present study,
fungal strains were isolated from soil buried plastic pieces and screened for
strains capable of adhering to the surface of PE pieces, through enrichment technique.
Growth assessment was made by observing network of fungal hyphae
on the surface of the plastic pieces under light microscope. A visible
increase in growth of the Aspergillus Key words: Biodegradation, Polyethylene, Aspergillus
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29. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 129-132 (2011) Impact of tannery effluent on green gram and its damage repair
through sewage water Dharam Singh*, Dileep Kumar Katiyar and Anju Verma Department of Environmental Science, Chhatrapati
Shahu Ji Maharaj University, *e-mail: ds_envi@rediffmail.com (Received: April 18, 2011;
Revised received: August03, 2011; Accepted: August06, 2011) |
Abstract: A Petridish culture experiment was performed to
know the effect of tannery effluent on seed germination and seedling growth
in green gram (Vigna rediata
c.v
Pedium 139). The
different concentrations of tannery effluents (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) and
combination with sewage water (20%TE+ 5%SW, 30%TE +5%SW, 40%TE+5%SW and 50%TE
+5%SW) were prepared. The germination %, plumule
and radicle length, fresh weight and dry weight and
moisture contents was found to be increased only in 10% tannery effluent over
control while all other treatments showed inhibition of germination. In all
combinatorial treatments they were increased 20, 30 40 and 50% tannery
effluent if compared with tannery effluent alone. All pigments (chlorophyll,
pheophytin and carotenoids) decreased with increasing concentration of
tannery effluent. In case of recovery (Combinatorial) treatments pigments
were increased if compared to 20, 30, 40 and 50% treated effluent alone
respectively. Total protein was found decreased as the tannery effluent was
increased beyond 10% in concentration. Total protein was increased in
recovery treatments if compared with 20, 30 40 and 50% tannery effluent alone
respectively. Key words: Tannery effluent, Sewage
water, Grean gram, Toxicity, Seed germination and
growth |
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30. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 4(3) 133-136 (2011) Production of bioplastic using Spirulina
platensis and comparison with commercial
plastic N. Uma
Maheswari* and K. Ahilandeswari P.G & Research
Department of Microbiology, Sengamala Thayaar Educational Trust, Women’s College, Mannargudi – 614 001, *e-mail: umasamy2004@yahoo.com (Received: April 28, 2011; Revised
received: August25, 2011; Accepted: August27, 2011) |
Abstract: A lack of degradability and the closing of
landfill sites, as well as growing water and land pollution problems, have
led to concern about plastics. Bioplastic
was prepared by using Spirulina platensis cultivated in modified Zarrouk
medium. The medium was optimized by using sodium acetate in aim of increase
the PHB concentration of S. platensis. The S.
platensis was measured for total dry weight and
PHB content by UV spectrophotometer in before and after optimization. When
compared the result of measurements optimized medium contain S. platensis had little higher PHB (6.20 %) content than
untreated one (5.18 %). Then S. platensis
was harvested and bioplastic was prepared. In
addition, chemical based commercial plastic was prepared and compared with bioplastic for plasticizing, moldable property. Biodegrading
property and cost were compared by studying the composition. The result
showed that the plasticizing and moldable property was good in all plastics.
In biodegradation S. platensisbioplastic was considered as better due to presence
of PHB content but the cost ofS.platensis
was higher than other chemical and organic polymers. Key words: Bioplastic, Spirulina platensis, Zarrouk medium,
UV Spectrophotometer, PHB |