RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-5, Number-1, February-2012
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1. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 1-4 (2012) Heat relaxation processes in photosynthesis studyedbyphotoacousticspectroscopy E. A. Zakhidov*, A. M. Kokhkharov, V. O. Quvondikov,
Sh. Q. Nematov and A. A. Saparbaev
Heat Physics Department, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, 28,
Block “C”, Katartal St., Tashkent, 100135,
Uzbekistan *e-mail: ezakhidov@hotmail.com
(Received: September 29, 2011; Revised
received: January 14, 2012; Accepted: January 18, 2012) |
Abstract: In
the paper processes of heat dissipation of the modulated light in leaf
tissues are studied using photoacoustic (PA)
spectroscopy. Possibility of monitoring of photobaric
and photothermic components of PA signal at
illumination with high and low light intensities and modulation with
frequencies of 6 - 400 Hz is shown. Effect of water deficiency in leaf
tissues, as well as possible role of photoprotective
processes in gradual decline of photothermic
dissipation during illumination with saturating light are analyzed. Key words: Photosynthesis,
photoacoustics, photobaric
and photothermic signals,heat
dissipation |
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2. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 5 -10 (2012) Prevailing climatic conditions for sugarcane cultivation at a
glance in Goombira estate of Karimgunj
(NorthEastof SouthAssam) Sudama Singh*, Kamlesh Nath
and Savitri Singh Ret. Joint Direcor,
Sugarcane Research Station (G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and
Technology) Kashipur, Udham
Singh Nagar (Uttrakhand) *e-mail: sudamasrs@gmail.com (Received: May 29, 2011; Revised received: November 28, 2011;
Accepted: December 02, 2011) |
Abstract: Sugarcane is a tropical
plant but its can grown commercially since long time in sub-tropical
immemorial plant having cooler and dried climatic conditions producing sugar
accumulation in the stalk. The varietalimportance
of sugarcane cultivation, since the last eighty years have given to tropics
and sub-tropics cultivars produced high stock yielding among with sucrose
percentage of very wider adaptation, extended roughly between 8-35º N
Latitude and 68-95º E(i.e. 24-15º and 25-54º N and 92-15º and 92-35º E
as per in North East of South Assam). This plant is highly heterozygous
, polyploidy, vegetatively propagated and
goes through many peculiarities of the variation in cultivars having
functional of diploid gametes with unexpected an a large numbers of
chromosomes. During the course of studies, sixteen promising varieties of
sugarcane is respondedto well manuring an utilizing
excellent solar energy with a large quantities of the three macro-nutrients i.e.
nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium (N Pand K)
along with adaptation of CaCO3 or
dolomite (or rock phosphate) under the soil of acidic condition in North East
of South Assam which producedtwo in early(Co. Pant.
84212 and Co. J. 88) and seven in mid -late(Co. S. 767, 8436 and 96268 ; Co.
Se. 92423, 01424 and 01434 and U. P. 9530) varieties of wider variation of
crops in sucrose and yield because these surrounding areas have not a longer
winter season along with not less than 7º Ctemperature
( i.e. more than 9º C temperature) . The soil moisture contents are
giving rapid elongation of the cells through the multiplication in cell
division in meristematic region gives greater yield
reported in wet moisture conditions of the available water range along with
temperature between 20º C and above 38º C are conducive to good growth
moderate atmospheric humidity up to 80% with in clear and direct sun light
for ensuing the crops.
Key words: Sugarcane, tropical
plant, Assam, NPK, CaCO3 |
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3. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 11-16 (2012) Status of susceptible hosts
of foliar fungi from North Central TaraiForests of
Uttar Pradesh (India) T.P. Mall* Postgraduate
Department of Botany, Kisan P.G. College Bahraich- 271 801 *e-mail: drtpmall@rediffmail.com (Received: September 09, 2011; Revised receivedJanuary 10, 2012; Accepted: January 16, 2012) |
Abstract: The present report
elucidates a rich and unique profile of Mycobial as
well as Phytodiversity of research area surveyed
with 126 Angiosperms host plants representing 102 genera & 44 families
being parasitisedby 142 foliar fungal species
representing 62 fungal genera. Key words: Foliicolous fungi, north centraltarai forests |
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4. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 17 -24 (2012) Evaluation
of stability of volatile organic compounds in SUMMA canisters at different
humidity levels Anuj Kumar1* and Ivan Víden2 1Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, NMSU,
1400 University Drive, Carlsbad, NM 88220, USA 2Department
of Gas, Coke and Air Protection, Institute of Chemical Technology, Technicka 5, Prague166 28, Czech Republic *e-mail: anujkgoel77@yahoo.com (Received:
September 09, 2011; Revised received: January 22, 2012; Accepted: January 24,
2012)
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Abstract: Volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) occur in traces in atmosphere and even in trace
levels, these compounds pose serious health hazard. Sample stability, recovery,
effect of temperature and moisture management are a
few critical points taken into consideration while sampling and analysis of
polar and non polar VOCs. In the present work, stability study was carried
out for polar and non polar VOCs in SUMMA stainless steel canister. Compounds
recoveries were assessed in dry and humid canisters.Canister
samples were prepared with 0, 25, 50 and 100% humidity. Moreover, the study
with each humidity level was performed with two different concentrations
(approx 50 & 500 µgm-3) of each compound to evaluate the
influence of lower/higher concentration. Before starting experiment, various
parameters used for the measurement of VOCs from canister system were
optimized and method detection limit was calculated as the accuracy of
analytical measurement is the key part of stability study. Polar compounds
like alcohols were poorly recovered from dry canisters. Sulfur and chloro compounds were recovered in the range of 12-68%
over one month period. Aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons appeared to be
unaffected. In presence of humidity in canister, alcohols showed better
recovery but recovery was sometime irregular especially if they are in low
concentration. Recovery of sulfur compounds improved significantly in
presence of humidity while chloro compounds were
recovered about 60-70% even if humidity is there. Overall, humidity is proved
to be essential for the recovery of alcohols, sulfur and chloro
compounds and 50% humidity was the best suitable humidity. Nonpolar compounds remained unaffected irrespective of
humidity level. Key words: VOCs, Canister, Gas
Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, Sample Stability |
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5. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 25 -28 (2012) Treatment of sugar mill
effluent by microbes and its effect on the
growth parameters of
pulses M. Kannahi* and S. Madhana PG and Research Department
of Microbiology and A Division of Biotechnology, Sengamala
Thayaar Educational Trust women’s College, Mannargudi- 614 001. India *e-mail: kannahisri79@gmail.com (Received: August5, 2011; Revised received: January 16, 2012;
Accepted: January 19, 2012) |
Abstract: The sugar mill effluent discharging industries are sugar mill
dyeing, textile, printing, tanneries, pharmaceuticals, distillers,
detergents, chemical factories, paper mills, fertilizer factories, etc. The
present study was undertaken analyze the physio-chemical
parameters, isolation and identification of microbes (bacteria and fungi) and
decolorization of sugar mill effluent. The physio chemical parameters such as alkalinity, free CO2, Total CO2, calcium
chloride, BOD, COD, DO, ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, inorganic phosphate and
organic carbon in both treated and untreated samples were analysed.
Various microorganisms were isolated and identified from (bacteria and fungi)
sugar mill effluent. The sugar mill effluent used to cultivate the 3 types of
pulses i.e., ground nut, cow pea and black gram of germination and
seedling growth. Azotobacter spp. and Beauveria bassiana
was decolourized with sugar mill effluent for
better low cost, production of biofertilizer and biocontrol agents. The following concentrations were used
in seed germination and seedling growth (treated and untreated) namely,
Control, 50%, 75%, 100%. The treated effluent was recommended to cultivable
land. In our findings, Azotobacter spp. and
Beauveria bassiana
treated effluent was well decolourized and the seed
germination and seedling growth showed well compared with Beauveria bassiana and control.at dissipation Key words:Sugar mill effluent, Azotobacter
spp.Beauveria bassiana |
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6. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 29 -34 (2012) Nutrition education as an
important tool for empowering rural mother in infant feeding perspective Neelam Kumari1* and Ajay Goswami2 1Department of Nutrition, Isabella Thoburn College,Lucknow. 2Govt. Girls Postgraduate
College, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur *e-mail: neelamkumari0809@gmail.com (Received: August 02, 2011; Revised received: January 16, 2012;
Accepted: January 18, 2012) |
Abstract:The present
study was carried out with an objective to evaluate the role of nutrition
education as an important tool for empowering rural mother in infant feeding
perspective. A total of 190 women with children below 03 years of age were
enrolled in the study. Pre-intervention knowledge of mothers on maternal
nutrition, importance of breast feeding and perceptions/practices regarding
desirable feeding practices were evaluated followed by a nutritional
education and counseling session. One month post-intervention results were
compared with those of pre-intervention results. A significant improvement in
knowledge of mothers on maternal nutrition, importance of breast feeding and
perceptions/practices regarding desirable feeding practices was observed
after nutritional education and counseling session. Nutrition education and
counseling affects the knowledge of mothers on maternal nutrition, attitude
related with breast feeding and practices regarding desirable feeding
practices. Nutritional education and counseling should be made an essential
part of antenatal and postnatal care. Key words:Nutrition, infant, breast feeding, maternal
nutrition |
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7. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 35 -42 (2012) Impact of tannery effluent and climate change on physico-chemical characteristics of Ganga
river at Kanpur (U.P.), India Shashwat Katiyar Department of Biochemistry,
Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, C S J M University, Kanpur, U.P.,
208024, India *e-mail:
shashwatkatiyar0801@rediffmail.com (Received: September 05, 2011; Revised
received: January 12, 2012; Accepted: January 14, 2012) |
Abstract: An
investigation has been made to ascertain the effect of tannery effluent
associated with climate change on river water samples collected from
confluence point, upstream and downstream located near Jajmau
area at Kanpur. All the samples analyzed for physico-chemical
parameters including estimation of chromium. The pH at confluence point (Q)
was significant (P<0.05) alkaline (7.9±0.13) during summer as compared to
upstream point P3 due to dumping of untreated tanneries effluent, which
suggested that utilization of salts for leather tanning process. Study shows
that a significant (P<0.05) decrease in DO values (3.79±0.101 mgL-1) at summer, although the higher level of
DO (6.76±0.13) during monsoon season might be attributed to the dilution of
the effluent by rain water. The level of BOD (41.07±1.268 mgL-1)
shows a significant (P<0.05) increase at confluence point during as
compared to upstream point (P3) during summer. Although the level of COD at
different sampling points affected with climate changes but it was not
significant. However this study also revealed a significant negative
correlation showing that as BOD and COD increases in values DO decreases with
correlation of r = -0.944 (t= 6.978, P<0.05 for BOD) and r = -0.970 (t=
9.696, P<0.05 for COD). These correlation between BOD, COD and DO suggest
a similar cause. The correlation analysis of TDS versus BOD and COD gives a
positive correlation (r =0.9408 & r =0.8667 respectively) showing that as
TDS increase BOD and COD also increases. Theses correlation analysis shows
that levels of TDS, BOD and COD are highly correlated with each other in
sampling area during different climate change. Chromium levels are high
(52.12±15.52 mgL-1) in almost all
sampling points with climate change. Tannery effluent with climate change
shows highly adverse effect on river Ganga. Key words: Tannery
effluent, seasonal variation, season, river water, chromium |
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8. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 43-46 (2012) Susceptibility of periwinkle
(Catharanthus roseus
L. var. nirmal) to boron deficiency Archana, G.K. Singh and N. Pandey* Plant
Nutrition and Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University
of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007 *e-mail:
nalini_pandey@rediffmail.com (Received: September 06,
2011; Revised received: January 23, 2012; Accepted: January 24, 2012) |
Abstract: To check the susceptibility of
periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L. var. nirmal) to
boron deficiency, a sand culture experiment was conducted in glass house and enzymic changes in leaves was studied. Plants of
periwinkle were grown at 0.066 (deficient) and 0.33 (control) mg B L-1
supplies till maturity. 36 and 48 days after treatment leaves were examined
for concentration of photosynthetic pigments and activities of PPO, SOD, CAT,
POD, APX and GR enzymes. Plants subjected to boron deficiency showed growth
retardation and reduced biomass. Reduction in photosynthetic pigments (chl a, b and carotenoids) was
observed in leaves of periwinkle plants subjected to boron deficiency.
Expressed on fresh weight and protein basis, increased relative activities of
PPO, SOD. POD, APX and GR and decreased relative activity of CAT compared to
control, was observed.
Key words: Boron
deficiency, periwinkle, photosynthetic pigments, enzymes |
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9. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 47-50 (2012) Toxicity ofNickel
on growth and biochemical changes in Oryza sativa L. (
rice) plants Shailly Misra*, P.K.Tandon
and Kumkum Mishra Department of Botany,
Lucknow University, Lucknow - 226 007, India *e-mail:
shailly_misra@yahoo.com (Received: October 19, 2011;
Revised received: January 10, 2012;Accepted: January 14, 2012) |
Abstract: The
toxicity of nickel (Ni) on growth and biochemical changes in Oryza sativa L. ( rice
) plants were investigated by evaluating the activities of enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase and the
content of proteins, sugars and chlorophyll and carotenoid
pigments along with the certain growth parameters. Different concentrations
of Ni (0.25,0.50 and 1.0 mM)were
supplied to the plants. The increasing concentration of Ni caused reduction
in root length (6.750, 6.700, 6.550 cm) shoot length (13.150, 12.850, 9.200 cm ), fresh weight of roots(0.795, 0.565, 0.420 g) and
shoots (0.660, 0.430, 0.365 g) and dry weight of roots (0.115, 0.0650, 0.0350
g) and shoots (0.160, 0.110, 0.0900 g) of the plant. Chlorophyll a (1.045,
0.785, 0.680 mg g-1 FW), b (0.535, 0.315, 0.220 mg g-1
FW) andcarotenoids (0.235, 0.200, 0.200 mg g-1
FW) were also decreased as the concentration of Ni was increased,however,
the enzyme activity of catalase (26.895, 33.710,
40.425 m mole H2O2 split
mg-1 protein ) and peroxidase (6.955,
9.140, 12.090 units mg-1 protein) and the contents of
protein(3.160, 4.155, 4.945% FW) and sugar (14.000, 24.000, 31.000 mg g-1
FW) were increased with high concentrations of Ni as compared to the control
plants. Key words: Nickel, rice, growth, chlorophyll, catalase, peroxidase |
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10 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 51-58 (2012) Impact of air pollutants on
reproductivebiology: Effect of air pollution on
pollen of plants Pankaj
Mishra1*, Usha Bajpai2 and C.L. Verma1 1Botany Department ,Lucknow
University ,Lucknow226007 2Birbal Sahni
Institute of Paleobotany , Lucknow 226007 *e-mail:
pankajoct11@gmail.com (Received: August 06, 2011; Revised
received: January 12, 2012; Accepted: January 14, 2012) |
Abstract: The
paper describes the pollen morphology of five species viz. Hibiscus rosa - sinensis , Moringaoleifera , Lagenaria siceraria, Brassica compestrisand Dolichos
lablab , growing in areas whichare highly
effected by airpollutants . An attempt has been
made to compare the pollen grains affected by air pollutants to those of the
grains of the plants growing in healthy areas. Key words: Air
pollutants, pollen morphology, Lucknow city |
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11 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 5(1) 59-60 (2012) Effects of sugar factory effluent on maize
seedlings Brijendra
Pratap Singh Botany Department, Lucknow University
,Lucknow226 007 *e-mail: p.brijendra@gmail.com (Received: June 15, 2011; Revised
received: December 19, 2011; Accepted: January 02, 2012) |
Abstract: Among
the various kinds of water pollution, the problem of Sugar factory effluent
has a serious one in India and play major role in polluting the water bodies
and land by discharging a large amount of wastewater as effluent. The sugar
factory effluents are containing high amount of suspended solids, dissolved
solids, BOD, COD, oil & grease. The continuous use of sugar factory
effluents can harmfully affects the soil and ultimately crops, if used for
irrigation. In the present study, the effect of various concentrations i.e.
0 (Control), 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% of the effluent on seed germination,
seedling growth, amylase and total chlorophyll of maize was studied.
Germination percentages and seedling growth decrease with increasing
concentration of effluent in the maize seeds except lower concentration of
effluent (10%). Key words: Sugar
factory effluent, toxicity, germination, seedling growth, BOD, COD,
chlorophyll |