RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-6, Number-2, May-2013
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11. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 37-40 (2013) Microbiological examination
of air in the neonatal ward of a teaching hospital in Nigeria Bifarin, Olatomiwa O.1,
Feruke-Bello, Yetunde M.*2 and Komolafe,
Olanrewaju I.3 1Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife Nigeria 2Department of Microbiology, Obafemi
Awolowo University, Ile- Ife Nigeria 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology,
Obafemi Awolowo
University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria *e-mail: yettyferukebello@yahoo.com (Received: January 06, 2013; Revised
received: April 25, 2013;Accepted: April 30,2013) |
Abstract: The
microbiological examination of air was carried out in the neonatal ward of Obafemi Awolowo University
Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Osun State in South-Western part of Nigeria. This
study was undertaken to determine types and concentration of airborne bacteria
and fungi in the ward and to establish standard for future reference. Settled
plate technique was used to assess the aerial contaminant. The air samples
were collected two times daily: In the morning between 8 and 10am during the
influx of people and medical personnel into the ward and in the afternoon
between 12 and 2pm when a lot of the activities in the ward have been abated.
The bacteria isolated from the air in the neonatal ward include: Staphylococus aureus,
Bacillus spp, Klebsiella spp and Escherichia coli in the order of prevalence
while the fungi include; Aspergillus spp, Candida spp and
Penicillium spp
also in the order of prevalence. The bacterial population ranges
from 14-39 cfu/m3, while the fungal
population ranges from 7-24 cfu/m3. Also,
the degree of the frequency of microbial distribution was higher in the
morning than in the afternoon.Some of the micro
organisms characterised and identified were
representative of the normal flora of the human body (skin, gastrointestinal
tracts and respiratory tracts) and opportunistic pathogens which can be very
precarious when predisposed to the low immune neonates. In order to improve
the quality of the air in the ward stringent measures such as fumigation,
regular cleaning and disinfection of surfaces must be instilled. Key words: Neonatal
Ward, Airborne microorganisms, Normal flora and Nigeria |
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12. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 41 -42 (2013) Efficacy of Azadirachta indica (Neem) as an antigingivitis agent on dental plaque induced gingivitis Shalini Kaushal*1
and Avadhesh Kumar2 1Faculty of Dental Sciences, King George’s Medical University,
Lucknow – 226 003, India 2Career PG Institute of Dental Sciences and
Hospital, Lucknow, India *e-mail: kaushalshalini77@gmail.com (Received: December 24, 2012; Revised received: April 24,
2013;Accepted: April 28,2013) |
Abstract: Azadirachta indica(Neem) is a plant
ofMeliaceae family, has been used in India for
several decades in medical and dental sciences for the treatment of several
diseases. Neem has been considered to have
antiseptic activity, but its use in the dentistry for the treatment of
gingivitis and periodontitis has not been well
established till date. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to
assess the efficacy of neem extract ( Nimbidin-T) as
an antigingivitis agent. Thirty dental students
were enrolled for the study. ANimbidin-T preparation
was applied by the operator twice a day, once in the morning and second time
in the evening with small cotton pellet for two months. Gingival status was
assessed by Loe and Sillness
gingival index at base line and on 2nd
day, 4th day, 8th
day and then every week till two months. Results showed that Nimbidin-T is significantly effective in
reduction of dental plaque induced gingivitis concluding that it may be used
as an effective adjunctive therapy to conventional mechanical therapy in
treating dental plaque induced gingivitis. Key words: Azadirachta indica, Neem , antigingivitis, Nimbidin-T |
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13. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 43-46 (2013) Chemical characterization of nutrients in seeds of underutilized grain: Chenopodium
album Tripti Pachauri, Aparna
Satsangi, Anita Lakhani,
K. Maharaj Kumari* Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dayalbagh
Educational Institute, Dayalbagh - 282 110, Agra *e-mail: maharajkumari.k@rediffmail.com (Received: November 07, 2012; Revised
received: April 02, 2013;Accepted: April 05,2013) |
Abstract: The
nutritional characteristics of the seeds of C. album and C. quinoa
were investigated using standard analytical methods. The results indicate
that the seeds of the neglected species of C. album were rich in
moisture and ash content, crude proteins, crude lipids and carbohydrates. On
comparison, the values of protein and total sugar content in the seeds of C.
album and C. quinoa is much lower than that of the other grains.
However, the total lipid and minerals like Na, Ca and Mg are found to be much
higher in C. quinoa and all varieties of C. album as compared
with other grains. Thus, it is recommended for future commercial cultivation. Key words: Chenopodium Album, Chenopodium Quinoa, Nutritional content |
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14. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 47 - 48 (2013) Effect of climate change on
status of susceptible hosts of foliicolous fungi
from Bahraich U.P. India Ajay Kumarand T.P. Mall* Postgraduate Department ofBotany
Kisan P.G. College, Bahraich-
271 801, India *e-mail: drtpmall@rediffmail.com (Received: January 24, 2013; Revised received: April 27,
2013;Accepted: April 28,2013) |
Abstract: The
present report elucidates a rich and unique profile of Mycobial
as well as Phytodiversity of research area surveyed
with forty three Angiospermic
host plants representing forty one genera and twenty four families being
parasitized by thirty five fungal species representing sixteen fungal genera. Key words: Foliicolous fungi, Bahraich, Susceptible Hosts, U.P. |
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15. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 49 -50 (2013) Serological studies of mung bean mosaic virus (MBMV) Brij Lal Verma*2
and B.D.Singh1 1Department of Botany, K.S.Saket
P.G. College, Ayodhya, Faizabad
-224123, India 2Research
scholar, Dr. R.M.L. Avadh University Faizabad, India *e-mail: vermabrijlal1272@gmail.com |
Abstract: An experiment was conducted during
2010-11 to see the serological reaction for identification of mung bean mosaic virus (MBMV). It is the causative of
mosaic, mottling, chlorosis, necrosis, vein-banding
symptoms in mung bean plants. The affected plants
become weak, stunted and reduced in size. The serological test
with the range of known viruses indicate that the sap obtained from
healthy and infected test plant gave no precipitin test. Key words: Serology, Identity, Mung bean, Symptom, Precipitin test, NaCl,
HgCl2 |
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16. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 51 - 54 (2013) Combining ability analysis
for earliness in fieldpea Vinod Singh1*, A. K. Singh2 and M. P. Chauhan1 1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, N.D.
University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj-Faizabad-224 229 (U.P.) 2ICAR,
Research Complex for Eastern Region, Sabjpura,
Patna – 801 105 *e-mail: singhv.1959@gmail.com (Received: December 21, 2012; Revised received: April 25,
2013;Accepted: April 26,2013) |
Abstract:Line x tester
analysis was made for seed yield its attributes and other phenological
traits in fieldpea. The gca
and sca components suggested predominance of non
additive gene effects for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity,
reproductive phase, biological yield per plant, seed
yield per plant and harvest index (%). PG-3, EC-324110 and NIC-11236 were
best general combiner for the seed yield in combination to the above traits.
A cross EC-324110 x Rachna was the best combination
for seed yield and earliness. Key words:Pea, Earliness, Combining ability |
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17. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 55 -58 (2013) Systematic enumeration of chlorococcales of river Ganga Sachendra Kr. Tripathi* and Shweta
Awasthi Department of Botany, Brahmanand College, Kanpur (U. P) 208004, India *e-mail: sachendrabnd@gmail.com (Received: January 16, 2013; Revised
received: April 17, 2013;Accepted: April 19,2013) |
Abstract: Herein
15 genera of order Chlorococcales spread over 46
species including Chlorococcum, Golenkinia, Characium, Hydrodictyon, Pediastrum, Coelastrum, Ankistrodesmus, Closteriopsis, Chlorella, Oocystis,
Franceia, Selenastrum, Tetraodon, Actinastrum, Crucigenia and Scenedesmus,
have been observed from Ganga watersbetween
Bithoor to Jajmau, Kanpur
, While Chlorococcum, Hydrodictyon
and Scendesmus were found to be dominant,Golenkinia, Tetraodon,
Crucigenia and Franceia
were recorded as rare genera. Key words: Chlorococcales, genera,Algal species,
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18. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 59-64 (2013) Evaluation of seasonal water
quality and pollution status of Parashari river Jyoti Raghuwanshi*1, Subhash C. Pandey1 ,
R. R. Simaiya2 and Subrata
Pani3 1Department of Chemistry, G.G.G.P.G. College, PGBT
campus, Bhopal - 462038, India 2Research Associate, Division of Soil Physics,
I.I.S.S., Bhopal, India 3Environmental Research laboratory, Environmental
Planning and Co-ordination Organization, Bhopal-16 India *e-mail: jyotiraghuwanshi93@yahoo.com (Received: January 02, 2013; Revised
received: April 26, 2013;Accepted: April 27,2013) |
Abstract: The water quality of Parashari river of Ganj Basoda town of district Vidisha
of Madhya Pradesh was evaluated during the period 2010-2011 to understand the
degree of pollution due to inflow of sewage and agricultural residues from
its catchment. River Parashari is a victim of water
pollution which flows though the heart of Ganjbasoda
town. The river starts from Parshora village,
nearer to Ganj Basoda. It
flows through Derkhi and Bhagharru,
finally merges in Betwa River. It encounters
several problems related to domestic waste disposal and wastewater discharge
from neighboring restaurants and villages in addition to the upstream
villages. Thus in order to determine the water quality of the River five
stations were chosen for sample collection in the study area stretching a length
of 20 km. Field visits were made during three different season’s viz. summer
(March-June), rainy (July-October), winter (November-February) during the
2010–2011 session. Water samples were analyzed for physicochemical parameters
including pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity,
total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, nitrate, chloride, and
phosphate. The values of these parameters are compared with standard values
given by CPCB guideline. The Result showed that variations of the analyzed
parameters for e.g., pH, conductivity, chloride and nitrate were found
within the range but Biological oxygen demand (BOD), dissolved oxygen (DO)
and total dissolved solids (TDS) were found crossing the range. Generally at
station 1 and 2 values of these parameters are found very high and not in
permissible limit. The Present study reveals that the seasonal changes are
the major factors in fluctuation of most of the physicochemical characters of
the water. Most of the parameters were higher in summer which may be due to
high temperature, evaporation and low water level and minimum in winter due
to increased water level and low metabolic activities. However while
comparing the values with available standards it can be concluded that the
water from Parashari river may be used for drinking
purpose after due treatment as per “Class-C Category of CPCB, guidelines”.
Based on the study, Station 1 and 2 which are situated on upstream of the
river were found to be more polluted. Key words: Pollution,
Water Quality, Seasonal effect, Physico-chemical
parameters, CPCB guideline |
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19. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 65-68 (2013) Natural population dynamics
and morphological characters of mycorrhizal fungi
in rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) Arpita Parmar1, T.P. Mall1
and R.B. Singh2* 1Department of Botany, T.H.S. Kisan
P.G. College, Baharaich-271801 (U.P.) 2Department of Plant Pathology, N.D.U.A.& T., Kumarganj, Faizabad-224229, India *e-mail: rbspath.2010@gmail.com (Received: November 15, 2012; Revised
received: April 12, 2013;Accepted: April 14,2013) |
Abstract: Soil
samples were collected from the rhizosphere of
wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.) from the different locations of Baharaich
district of Uttar Pradesh to evaluate the population dynamics of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza. Root
colonization ranged between 61 to 68%, whereas spore population varied from
72 to 87 per 25 g soil in wheat of different locations. Total 19 species of
VAM fungi belonging to 3 genera viz., Glomus,
Acaulospora and Sclerocystis
were identified. Among these species Glomus
mosseae was found most dominant and widely
distributed followed by Glomus fasciculatum, Sclerocyctis rubiformis, Glomus microcarpum, Acaulospora longula, Sclerocystis clavispora, Sclerocystis sinuosa, respectively. Physico-chemical
properties of the soil especially pH, organic carbon, available nitrogen,
phosphorus and potassium influence the population dynamics and colonization
of VA mycorrhiza in wheat crops. Key words: Mycorrhizal fungi,
wheat, soil properties, population dynamics |
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20. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 6(2) 69-72 (2013) Impact of textile and dye
effluent irrigation on germination and its growth
in cereals M. Parameswari* and C. Udayasooriyan Department of Environmental
Sciences, Tamilnadu Agriculture University,
Coimbatore-641003, India *e-mail:
pariwari@yahoo.com (Received: June 02, 2012; Revised
received: October 18, 2012; Accepted: October 19, 2012) |
Abstract: The
textile industry occupies a unique place in the industrial map of India and
is centered mainly on large cities such as Mumbai, Surat,
Ahmedabad, Coimbatore and Kanpur. The effluent
discharged from textile and dye industries, breweries, fertilizers,
antibiotic factories and slaughter houses were hazardous to the flora and
fauna of inland streams or other natural water resources. The discharge of effluent
into the river increased the BOD and COD of the river water.The
high BOD and COD would deplete dissolved oxygen of the river water creating
thereby an anaerobic condition in the riverbed, which in turn would affect
the aquatic life. The presence of hydrogen sulphide,
ammonia and chloride in the textile and dye factory effluent was highly toxic
to fish in water bodies (Ranganathan and Kurian Joseph, 1997). In this study, the effluent from
textile and dye factory was studied for its effect on germination and vigour index of the seedlings of cereals, millets, oil seeds and vegetable crops.The
diluted textile and dye effluent with water in 1:3 ratio (T2) did
not have any adverse effect on the growth and vigour
index of field crops. This finding is in line with the observations recorded.
The highest numerical value for germination was recorded in T1
(river water control) and the lowest value was recorded in T5
(undiluted effluent) followed by T2 and T3, which were
on par with each other. The growth parameters like germination per cent, root
length, shoot length, dry matter production and vigour
index showed a better performance as the concentration of the effluent
decreased. Key words: TDS – Total Disolved
Solids, SAR- Sodium Absoption Ratio, BOD- Biological
Oxygen Demand, COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand |