RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-7, Number-2, May-2014
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15. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 69-80 (2014) Classification of
plant responses to drought stress P. Soni*, R. Sharma, M. Rizwan and G. Singh Plant Biotechnology Center, Swami Keshwanand
Rajasthan Agricultural University, Beechwal,
Bikaner - 334 006, India *e-mail:
priyasoni28@gmail.com (Received: December 06,
2013; Revised received: March 12, 2014;Accepted: March 14,2014) |
Abstract: One
of the most important constraints for agriculture is water limitation. More
recently, global warming may be worsening this situation in most agriculture
regions. Thus it’s quite relevant to understand the mechanisms that enable
plants to cope with water deficit. Indeed, plants show a wide range of
adaptations, at different levels, to drought stress. The present review
describes strategies used by plants to adapt to low water potential at
physiological and biochemical level. The Highlights are,i)
One of the most constraints for agriculture is water limitation, ii)
Drought affects plant overall growth and metabolism and iii) The generation
of novel plant varieties displaying tolerance to water stress is highly
expected to cope with the unfavourable
environmental challenges. Key words: abiotic stress,
drought, tolerance, avoidance, escapes |
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16. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 81 -84 (2014) Eco-friendly management of early blight of potato
caused by Alternaria solani Rekha Yadav Department of Plant Pathology, Narendra
Deva University of Agriculture &Technology,
Kumarganj-Faizabad-224229, India e-mail: govind0139@gmail.com (Received: December 02, 2013; Revised received:
March 11, 2014;Accepted: March 12,2014) |
Abstract: Two
bio-agents (Trichoderma viride,
Trichoderma harzianum)
and six botanicals namely Datura alba, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Allium sativum, Allium cepa and Calotropis
gigentea were tested at different
concentrations against early blight of potato on variety Kufri
sutlej under field conditions. All the bio-agents
and botanicals/phyto extracts were found effective.
However among the bio-agents three sprays of Trichoderma
viride @ 0.5% was found most effective
showing least disease intensity of 31.47% as against 80.90% in control, while
among botanical three sprays of garlic bulb extract @10% found efficacious. Key words: Potato,
early blight, Alternaria solani, Bio-agents botanicals, management, phyto-extracts |
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17. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 85-86 (2014) Effect of mutagens on qualitative and quantitative analysis of Plantago ovata
seed husk Chandresh Kumar Singh, Ashutosh Verma and R.R. Singh Plant genetics unit, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow
, Lucknow, India e-mail: chandreshkumar26@yahoo.co.in (Received: November 11,
2013; Revised received: March 01, 2014;Accepted: March 02,2014) |
Abstract: Seed
husk of Isabgol is used ethno- medicinally in no.
of ways in present study qualitative and quantitative analysis due to
treatment with mutagens was done in respect to husk and swelling factor,
Experiment was carried out by Gamma Radiation, EMS and combining both. Husk
obtained for 0.5% EMS and 3hr was maximum , for
gamma rays husk is maximum at 10krad and combining both husk is maximum at
20krad+0.5%. Swelling factor was also observed. Key words: EMS, Gamma
radiation, husk, swelling factor |
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18. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 87 - 90 (2014) Effect of integrated nutrient management on chemical properties
of soil in the gladiolus crop field Amar Singh1, A. K. Singh1* and L. P. Yadava2 1Department of Floriculture
and Landscaping, N.D.U.A.T., Kumarganj, Faizabad 2 Department of Horticulture,
C. B. Gupta, Agriculture P.G. College, Bakshi Ka Talab, Lucknow iindia *e-mail:
aruks59@gmail.com (Received: October 28, 2013; Revised received:
March 08, 2014;Accepted: March 10,2014) |
Abstract: Integrated
Nutrient management (INM) is a tool for cultivation of future crops in
present era. Thus, it is tried to investigate the response of soil health in
respect to bioinoculants application in the field
of gladiolus. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with a
total of 10 treatments and replicated three times. Gladiolus corms were
inoculated with Azospirillum and VAM alone
and in combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash including application
of 10 tonnes FYM ha-1 in each treatment.
Soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic carbon, available nitrogen,
phosphorus and potash were estimated during both years i.e. 2011-12 and
2012-13. Lowest soil pH was observed with T7 i.e. Azospirillum + 50% N + 200 kg P2O5
+ 200 kg K2O and lowest EC was recorded with T8 (Azospirillum + 75% N + 200 kg P2O5
+ 200 kg K2O) being 0.57 dSm-1 and
0.51 dSm-1 in 2011-12 and 2012-13,
respectively. The treatment combination T8 showed highest
available Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash in soil of gladiolus field.. Key words: Gladiolus,
Azospirillum, VAM, Nitrogen,
Phosphorus, Potash, soil reaction |
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19. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 91 -93 (2014) Effect of row direction, spacing and weed
management on crop weed competition in irrigated wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) Raj Kumar Yadav1* Shishir Kumar2 and Joy Dawson2 1Chandra Bhanu
Gupta Agriculture Post Graduate College, Bakshi KaTalab, Lucknow (U.P.), India 2 Allahabad Agricultural
Institute-Deemed University, Allahabad - 211 007 (U .P.), India *e-mail:
rjyadav108@gmail.com (Received: October 03, 2013; Revised received:
March 11, 2014;Accepted: March 12,2014) |
Abstract: A Field experiment was conducted to
explore the crop weed completion as influenced by crop geometry, row spacing
and weed management practices in irrigated wheat. The experiment was tried
with nine treatment by keeping combinations of three factors viz. row
direction (North-South, East-West),rowspacing (15
cm,20 cm and broadcast) and method of weed control(unweeded
check, metsulfuron 4 g/ha + isoproturon
1000 g/ha, sulfosulfuron 25 g/ha and weed free).
The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. Row
direction North-South at 15cm rowspacing resulted signiűcantly higher yield attributes, grain yield than
broadcasting. Row direction North-South at 15cm spacing signiűcantly
reduced weed count and weed dry biomass than broadcasting, test weight were
unaffected by seeding method. Among the weed-control treatments, weed free
although recorded higher yield attributes grain and straw yields but was
found at par with those recorded under sulfosulfuron
25 g/ha and signiűcantly higher than those recorded
under metsulfuron and isoproturon.
The difference in net return among the weed control treatment was not
significant. It was higher in sulfosulfuron
followed by metsulfuron + isoproturon
and weed free. Key words: Wheat, crop geometry, row spacing,
seeding method, herbicides, yield |
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20. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 95 - 98 (2014) Antibiotic sensitivity patterns and molecular characterization
of P.multocida vaccine strain and field
isolates Sabia Qureshi and Hari
Mohan Saxena* Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary
Science, GADVASU, Ludhiana, India 141004, Indiia *e-mail:
hmsaxena@yahoo.com (Received: January 04, 2014; Revised received:
April 14, 2014;Accepted: April 18,2014) |
Abstract:A study was
conducted to compare in-vitro antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of
the vaccine strain and field isolates of Pasteurella
multocida. Three strains of P. multocida isolated from cattle and buffalo, were
confirmed by biochemical tests and P. multocida specific
Multiplex HSB-PCR. All the three field isolates belonged to P. multocida type B: 2 with amplified products of 460bp
and 590 bp. The vaccine strain and isolates were
tested against 17 different antibiotics by disc diffusion. Absolute
resistance was observed among the field isolates to several antibiotics. The
vaccine strain was resistant to amoxicillin, ofloxacin,
sulfadiazine, streptomycin and cefuroxime. Isolate
PB1 was resistant to sulfadiazine, streptomycin, cefoperazone,
cephotaxime and oxytetracycline;
PB2 was resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, sparfloxacin, ofloxacin,
sulfadiazine, cefuroxime, cephotaxime,
oxytetracycline and ciprofloxacin; PC1 was
resistant to enrofloxacin, cefuroxime,
cefperazone and cephotaxime.
The most effective antibiotics against the vaccine and field strains were pefloxacin, ofloaxcin, trimethoprim and sparfloxacin.
The study has revealed the emergence of multidrug resistant field strains of P.
multocida. Key words:
Antibiotic
sensitivity, antibiotic resistance, Pasteurella
multocida, Haemorrhagic
Septicaemia |
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21. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 9(2) 99 -100 (2014) Ethno-veterinary medicinal plants of mahal village of dang district, Gujarat, India Paresh Gayakvad1, D.B.Jadeja1, B.Thakre2,
S.Bhalawe1 and D.Nayak*3 1Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, 2Vanbandhu College of Veterinary Science &Animal Husbandry, 3Department of
Natural Resource Management,ASPEE College of
Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari-396450 India *e-mail:
nutan.nayak@gmail.com (Received: January 04, 2014;
Revised received: April 12, 2014;Accepted: April 14,2014) |
Abstract: The
present study deals with the identification and investigation was aimed to
find out the ethno- veterinary medicinal plants of Mahal
village of Dang District, Gujarat, used to treat the various veterinary
diseases. In the present study, 32 medicinal plants belonging to 28 families
used as veterinary medicines have been documented. According to this study,
documenting the medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge can be
used for conservation and sustainable use of medicinal plants in the area and
for effective treatment of various disease and disorders of domestic animals. Key words: Ethno- veterinary medicinal
plants, tribes |
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22. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 101-102 (2014) Performance of rotavator
for soybean crop in Raisen district of MP S.S. Dhakad*1, K.V. Ramana Rao2, Vijay Agrawal3 and K.C. Mahajan4 1Agril Engg, Krishi Vigyan Kendra (RVSKVV),
Shajapur-465001, 2IDED, Central Institute of Agricultural
Engineering (ICAR), Bhopal, 3Horticulture, College of Agricultural (JNKVV),
Jabalpur, 4Agril.Engg, College of
Agricultural (JNKVV) Basoda (Vidisha) *e-mail:
sudhirdhakad@rediffmail.com (Received: January 05, 2014;
Revised received: April 02, 2014;Accepted: April 08,2014) |
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in
the Raisen district of M.P. for two consecutive
years to evaluate the performance of a tractor drawn rotavator
as tillage implement and the same was compared with commonly used tillage
implement cultivator. The soil inversion provided by single operation of rotavator was quite high (90.36%) as compared to
cultivator (63.0%). Rotavator was found very
effective for tillage as well as weed control implement and provided better tilth than other tillage implement viz. cultivator and
for same tilth level; rotavator
is more economical than cultivator. The plant growth attributes such as plant
height, root length and number of root nodules was observed more in field
prepared by rotavator as compared to cultivator. Key words: Rotavator, Cultivator,Soybean, tillage |
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23. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 103- 106 (2014) Effect of scheduling irrigation on mustard (brassica
juncea L.) in central plain zone of U.P. Sanjiv Kumar1, Ripudaman
Singh2 and Awadhesh Kumar3 1,2Department of Agronomy, 3Department of
Soil Conservation and Water Management, C.S. A. University of
Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002 *e-mail:
rsycsa@gmail.com (Received: December 08, 2013;
Revised received: March 29, 2014;Accepted: March 30,2014) |
Abstract: A
field experiment was conducted during the winter (rabi) seasons of 2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 on sandy
loam soil of students instructional farm of C.S. Azad University of Agriculture &
Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) to study the response of irrigation scheduling on
Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L) (Zeru & coss). The
results of the study revealed that seed yield of mustard was maximum with
three irrigation levels (IB+F+SD) which was higher by 4.82, 7.04, 13.62,
21.54, 25.11, 42.27 and 63.61 per cent than IB+IF, IF+ISD, IB, IF, ISD and I0
treatments. The water use efficiency was calculated highest (10.75 kgha-1) in treatment IB+F, followed by IB+SD,
IB, IF, I0, IF+SD, ISD and
IB+IF+SD treatments and highest net profit was achieved Rs 23840 ha-1
with the IB+IF+SD treatment.
Key words: Irrigation scheduling, water use
efficiency, siliqua development, crop scheduling |
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24. |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 107-110 (2014) Study of growth and N2 metabolism in rice field biofertilizerAzolla
microphylla exposed to cadmium stress Abhishek Chris Department of Botany, Wilson
College, Mumbai, India e-mail: achris1@rediffmail.com (Received: January 18, 2014;
Revised received: April 22, 2014;Accepted: April,2014) |
Abstract: This
paper deals with the study of changes in growth (chlorophyll), nitrate
uptake, nitrate reductase, ammonium uptake,
glutamine synthetase and nitrogenase
in Azolla microphylla
exposed to cadmium stress which was given in the form of CdCl2.
It was observed that all the growth (Total chlorophyll) was decreased with
the increasing concentration of Cd in medium. The
values of Nitrate and ammonium contents of fronds were also decreased in a
concentration dependent manner. As the level of cadmium increased, a
concomitant reduction in the nitrate reductase as
well as glutamine synthetase activities were also
noted. Nitrogenase enzymes the main enzyme of
nitrogen fixation was found highly damaged. Key words: Azolla microphylla, Growth, N.R, G.S,Nitrogenase |
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25 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 111-114 (2014) Heavy metal accumulation and chlorophyll content in moss samples
collected from heavy traffic sites Manjul Misra1* and
P.K. Tandon2 1Directorate of Environment, U.P.,Lucknow, 2Department of Botany University
of Lucknow,Lucknow *e-mail: doemanjulmishra@yahoo.com (Received: December 15,
2013; Revised received: April 15, 2014;Accepted: April 16,2014) |
Abstract: Moss
(Octoblepharum albidum Hedw.) samples collected from Heavy Traffic sites andwere analysed for heavy
metals Pb, Cu, Co, Cr and Ni. Samples were also analysed for chlorophyll content from both the sites.
Samples collected from garden and monument sites have been taken as control.
Higher accumulation of Pb, Cu, Co and Cr have been
found in mosses collected from heavy traffic sites in comparison to the
mosses collected from garden and monument sites(treated as control). it is observed that crossings and roads with higher
vehicular density and with full of commercialized activities are highly
polluted. Higher content of chlorophyll was found in the samples collected
from garden and monument sites as compared to the heavy traffic sites. Key words: Heavy Metals, Pollution, Heavy
traffic sites, Garden and Monument sites, Moss, Bio- monitoring |
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26 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 115-118 (2014) Estimation of genetic association and path
analysis for yield and yield attributing traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) S.V. Sunil Kumar1*, J. Chandra Prakash1,
Kapil Patil2,
B. Arunkumar2 and T. Onkarappa1 1Department of Genetics and Plant
Breeding, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka (State), India 2Kittur Rani Channamma
College of Horticulture, Arabhavi-591 310, Karnataka (State), India *e-mail: sunisv07@gmail.com (Received: February 02, 2014; Revised
received: April 24, 2014;Accepted: April 25,2014) |
Abstract: The
present experiment was conducted to estimate the nature and magnitude of
association of seed yield with other component traits and their direct and
indirect effects on seed yield were studied in Chickpea. Hundred chickpea genotypes were evaluated for yield
and yield attributing characters at Zonal Agricultural Research Station
(ZARS), GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka (State), India. Association analysis
revealed that number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per
plant and test weight showed significant and positive association with seed
yield per plant at genotypic level. Whereas at phenotypic level of
correlation seed yield per plant was significantly and positively associated
with number of secondary branches per plant and test weight. Test weight had
maximum positive direct effect on seed yield. Number of primary branches per
plant, days to 50 per cent flowering and number of seeds per pod exhibited
high indirect effect on seed yield per plant via pods per plant. These
traits can be used for the selection of high yielding chickpea genotypes. Key words: Correlation, Path analysis, Chickpea,
Seed yield |
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27 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 119-122 (2014) Studies on stability parameters for yield and its component
characters in castor (Ricinus communis L.) T. Onkarappa*, H. Shivanna, S.V. Sunil Kumar and N. Marappa Department of Genetics and
Plant Breeding, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka (State), India *e-mail: onkarappat7@gmail.com (February 02, 2014; Revised
received: April 24, 2014;Accepted: April 25,2014) |
Abstract: The
stability parameters for 15 castor hybrids grown in three environments (Zonal
Agricultural Research Station, Hiriyur during Kharif and Rabi 2009 and at Agricultural
Research Station, Arasikere during Kharif 2009) were studied. Analysis of
variance for stability indicated highly significant differences among the
hybrids for all the characters. Significant mean squares due to genotypes ×
environment for plant height and seed yield suggested differential behavior
of the hybrids across the locations for these two characters.The
Kharif season of Hiriyur
2009 was most congenial than either Kharif
season of Arasikere 2009 and Rabi season of Hiriyur 2009 for the expression of plant height, number
of capsules, effective spike length, seed yield, 100 seed weight and oil
content followed by Rabi season Hiriyur 2009
for expression of number of spikes, effective spike length and number of
capsules. It was observed that none of the test hybrids were found to be
stable for all the characters. Nevertheless the hybrid TH-2 was identified as
highly stable for days to 50 per cent flowering, number of spikes, effective
spike length, number of capsules and seed yield and the hybrid TH-7 was also
found stable for plant height, effective spike length, seed yield, 100 seed
weight and oil content. Key words: Castor, stability, yield, oil
content |
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28 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 123-126 (2014) Evaluation of safed musli cv. bidar local for yield
and yield attributing traits under tamarind based intercrop B. Arunkumar1*, S.V. Sunil
Kumar2, Kapil Patil1,
N.K. Hegde1 and T. Onkarappa2 1Kittur Rani Channamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi-591 310,
Karnataka, India 2Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, UAS,
GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India *e-mail: arunuhs@gmail.com (February 02, 2014; Revised
received: April 24, 2014;Accepted: April 25,2014) |
Abstract: A
field experiment was conducted to study performance of safed
musli cultivar Bidar
local for yield and yield attributing traits in tamarind plantation compared
to sole cropping in open area under irrigated condition. The experiment was
laid out in well established eight years old tamarind plantation spaced at 6m
x 6m (as intercrop) with three replications. Photosynthetically
active radiation (PAR) interception by safed musli crop at 90 days after planting (DAP) as intercrop
in tamarind plantation was 31641 lux compared to
46514 lux in open area. Significantly higher number
of fresh weight of tubers per plant (36.73) and dry weight of tuber recorded
under intercropping (8.81 g/plant) compared to sole cropping (36.73 and 8.81
g/plant). Safed musli
grown as intercropping in tamarind plantation recorded higher yield (9.94 q/ha)
compared to sole crop in open area (7.04 q/ha). Key words: Safed musli, intercropping, photosynthetically
active radiation, tamarind |
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29 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 127-130 (2014) Screening efficient strains of yeast for production of bio-ethanol by using sugarcane juice H.B. Manoj Kumar1*, H.V.Vijay Kumar Swamy1,
K.M.Harini Kumar1, S.B. Yogananda2, S.V.Sunil
Kumar3, Neetha Jayaram3 and G.S. Anil Kumar 1
Department of Plant
Biotechnology, UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560 065, India 2 Zonal Agricultural Research Station, V. C. Farm,
Mandya – 571 405, India 3 Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding,
UAS, GKVK, Bangalore – 560 065, Karnataka (State), India 4
Department of Genetics &
Plant Breeding, UAS, Dharwad – 580 005, India *e-mail: manojhb07@gmail.com (February 15, 2014; Revised
received: April 25, 2014;Accepted: April 28,2014) |
Abstract: The
investigation was carried out to isolate yeast strains from their natural
habitats and to screen them for ethanol tolerance and production. Out of 40
microbial culture 10 were identified as Saccharomyces
strains based on colony type and budding characters. Saccharomyces
species were screened for the ability to tolerate different ethanol
concentrations from 0-18%. Growth in different ethanol concentrations varied
from one strain to another. Yeast strains showed tolerance level from 7-16%.
Even though some strains had tolerance at 16% but the growth was less. Yeast
strains isolated from molasses and grapes showed highest tolerance among 10
isolates up to 16%. Isolated yeast strains mutated by UV light with time
intervals of 1, 3 and 5 minutes at 25 and 50 cms
distance were subjected to screening under different ethanol concentrations.
Mutants showed decreased growth and tolerance under high ethanol stress
compared to their original isolates. Key words: Sugarcane, Yeast, Molasses,
Bio-fuel, Bio-ethanol |
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30 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 131-134 (2014) Grain yield and quality of
rice in response to soil zinc application to soil low in available zinc Shikha Yadav* and Digvijay
Singh Department of Botany,
Lucknow University, Lucknow-226007 *e-mail:
shikhagzp@gmail.com (January 05, 2014; Revised
received: April 27, 2014;Accepted: April 28,2014) |
Abstract: A
field experiment was conducted at farmer’s field to assess the effect of zinc
application on reproductive growth and grain yield of rice. Four treatments
given in three replicates included control (without Zn), 5 Kg Zn, 10 Kg Zn
and 10 Kg Zn + 120 Kg urea ha-1. Basal doses of fertilizers
consisting of half the dose of nitrogen were applied before sowing of wheat.
The other half of the nitrogen was applied at 25 days after sowing as top
dressing with ammonium nitrate except the treatment in which urea was
applied. Fresh fully expanded young leaves were brought to the laboratory, in
an ice pack, for the estimation of enzymatic activities (carbonic anhydrase and ribonuclease) at
day 35. Plants were harvested after determination of growth attributes at day
90 for dry matter yield, tissue Zn concentration and grain quality parameters
such as starch and protein contents. Key words: Carbonic anhydrase,
protein, ribonuclease, starch, zinc |
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31 |
Res. Environ. Life Sci., 7(2) 135-136 (2014) Assessment of genetic diversity among castor genotypes (Ricinus communis
L.) T. Onkarappa1*, S.V. Sunil
Kumar1, O.R. Lakshmipathaiah2
and K.R Vasanth2 1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, UAS,
GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India 2Department of Horticulture,
UAS, GKVK, Bangalore, Karnataka, India *e-mail: onkarappat7@gmail.com (February 02, 2014; Revised
received: April 24, 2014;Accepted: April 25,2014) |
Abstract: A
field experiment was conducted with 24 castor genotypes including four pistillate lines to study the diversity among the
genotypes by using Mahalonobis D2
statistics. The genotypes were grouped into four clusters. Cluster I had
maximum number of genotypes (19) and Cluster II with 3 genotypes. The maximum
inter cluster distance was observed between Cluster II and III (7.81)
followed by Cluster II and IV (7.19). In Cluster II genotypes showed maximum
values for number of spikes (11.17), effective spike length (44.67) , number of capsules (44) and seed yield (15.75kg/ha.),
with least mean value for plant height (31.67). Number of capsules
contributed the maximum to the total divergence (30.29) followed by effective
spike length (23.91) and oil content (20.80). The cultivars included in the
diverse clusters can be used as promising parents for hybridization programme for obtaining high heterotic
response and thus better segregants in castor. Key words: Castor, diversity, pistillate lines, cluster |