RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-9, Number-12, December-2016
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405 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1431-1433 (2016) Radiation induced variability in tuberose (Polianthes
tuberosa L.) Kayalvizhi K.*, M. Kannan and M. Ganga Horticulture,
Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, Tamil Nadu Agricultural
University, Coimbatore-641 003, India *e-mail: kkayal.flori@gmail.com (Received: March 06, 2016; Revised
received: September 04, 2016;Accepted: September 09, 2016) |
Abstract: An investigation
on the induction of mutation in tuberose was carried out by using a physical
mutagen viz., gamma rays (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 kR). Bulbs of tuberose variety Prajwal
were subjected to treatments at different doses. The percentage of bulb
sprouting and survival was affected significantly at higher doses. The LD50
value for bulb sprouting and survival was observed at 1.5 and 2.0 kR treated bulbs. Reduction in sprouting, survival
percentage, plant height, number of leaves, length of leaf, leaf width, leaf
abnormalities and floral characteristics (number of spikes per plant, number
of florets per spike, length of spike, length of floret, and internodal length) was observed with increase in the
dosage of gamma rays. Floral characters were superior at lower doses namely
0.5 and 1.0 kR than control. Leaf abnormalities
(leaf texture and chlorophyll variation) were noticed in 1kR and 1.5kR
treated bulbs. Further, floral abnormalities were observed in most of the
treatments except control. This study revealed that treating bulbs with 0.5 kR gamma rays resulted in economic traits namely, number
of spikes per plant (3 nos.) and number of florets per spike (55 nos.). Key
words:
Mutation, Tuberose, Gamma ray, Prajwal |
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406 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1434-1437 (2016) Utilization for by products of banana - A Review Anuj Yadav*1, Rewa Kumari2, Ashwani Yadav1,J.P. Mishra1
and Rajendra Kumar1 1U.P.Council of Agricultural
Research, Lucknow, India 2Department of Food Science and Technology, Bilaspur University, Bilaspur,
Chhattisgarh, India *e-mail: anuj.0720@gmail.com (Received: December 28, 2015; Revised
received: August 18, 2016;Accepted: August 24, 2016) |
Abstract: Today bananas
plantains are best known as a food crop, almost
every part of the plant can be used in one way or another. It is both cheap
and full of nutrients are rich in nutrition, fiber, vitamins and minerals.
Various parts of the banana plant itself can also be used for different
purposes all over the world. In Indonesia, the banana plant is used to make
traditional medicine and as animal feed. In indigenous systems of medicine, pseudostem juice is a well-known remedy for urinary
disorders, stomach troubles like diarrhea, dysentery and flatulence; It helps
in treatment for removal of stones in the kidney, gall bladder, and prostate..Banana leaves are used in eczema, as cool dressings for
blister and burns disease. Banana flowers is used in
dysentery and ulcer disease. Some of the other by products made from banana
includes values added products from banana fruits like banana puree, banana
powder, banana catsup, banana flour, banana chips dried banana fritter,
banana vinegar, banana wine, banana jam, banana jelly sweet coat. Key
words:
Banana pseudo stem, Banana plant, Banana peel, Banana fiber, Banana leaves |
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407 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1438-1442 (2016) Studies on heterosis for fruit yield
and qualitative attributes in tomato (Solanum
lycopersicum L.) hybrids Basavaraj, L.B.1,
Vilas, D.G.1, Shivappa M. Karadi*2 and Vijayakumar,
D.R.1 1Department of
vegetable Science, KRCC, Arabhavi, Karnataka, India 2Department of Vegetable
Science, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot,
Karnataka, India *e-mail: shivukaradi@gmail.com (Received: January 19, 2016; Revised
received: September 01, 2016;Accepted: September 06, 2016) |
Abstract: The heterosis in tomato is estimated from 45 crosses combinations, these are derived by the use of 15 lines,
three testers by pairing as per line x tester mating design, which are
evaluated to know significance of heterosis along
with a commercial check. Among 45 crosses namely 22, 4 and 4, 24, 42 and 30,
15, 5 and 18, 16, 8 and 9, 26, 11 and 25, 2, 1 and 7, 16, 5 and 5 crosses
shown positive heterosis observed in F1
generation, which is Significant for tested characters over better parent,
best parent and commercial check for yield per plant, rind thickness, total
soluble solid, number of locules per fruit, pH, lycopene and a-carotene, respectively. These results
would help to assess the prepotency of parents in hybrid combination. Key
words:
Heterosis, Yield, Tomato, Qualitative traits, Solanum lycopersicum
L. |
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408 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1443-1446 (2016) Impact of conching on jaggery
nuggets Neha Kulkarni* and P.K. Omre Dept.
of post harvest process and Food engineering, G.B. Pant University of
Agriculture and Technology, Pant Nagar-263 145, India *e-mail: klkrn45@gmail.com (Received: November 18, 2015; Revised
received: August 17, 2016;Accepted: August 22, 2016) |
Abstract: Chocolate products
are the most important products that are popular with a lot, especially
children and as a source of energy in addition to its high nutritional value.
In chocolate industry, many of ingredients such as cocoa, sugar, cocoa
butter, fats, emulsifiers and flavorings play an important role in product
quality. This research aims to replace the jaggery powder as a sweetener in
place of sugar and to optimize the jaggery based nuggets using response
surface methodology (RSM). Thirty nugget formulations were processed by
mixing basic ingredients: cocoa powder (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35g), cocoa butter
(50, 55, 60, 65 and 70g) and black pepper powder (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3g) in
per 100 g jaggery powder. The experimental design was based on Response
Surface Methodology using Center Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD) in 4
variables. Sensory evaluation score were taken as dependent variables
representing the product quality. Optimum formulations were all the
combinations of cocoa powder 8.59%, cocoa butter 26.98%, SMP 22.57% and black
pepper powder 0.86% at 4 h. of conching at 55-60°C. Key
words : CCRD,
Conching, Jaggery Nuggets, RSM |
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409 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1447-1450 (2016) Effect of integrated nutrient management on soil nutrient
status after harvest of cluster bean Usha Sharma*1,
Arun A. David1, N.K.Yadav2
and Rajkishore Kumar3 1Department of Soil Science, Sam Higginbottom
Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences , Allahabad-211 007, India 2Agricultural Research Station, SK Rajasthan
Agricultural University, Bikaner, Sriganganager-335 001, India 3Department of SoilScience and
Agricultural Chemistry, BAU, Sabour, Bhagalpur-813
210, India *e-mail: soilsurveybau@gmail.com (Received: February 03, 2016; Revised
received: September 06, 2016;Accepted: September 12, 2016) |
Abstract: Integrated
nutrient management have key role in soil productivity and soil quality to
sustain the crop growth especially in cluster bean crops. In this quest of
these facts, an experiment was carried out on with different treatment
combination with nine treatments in Factorial Randomized Block (FRBD). The
results was found that, treatment T L2V1R1
(@ N20P40K40 NPK kg ha-1 +10 t vermicompost ha-1 + 200 g rhizobium
10 kg-1 seed (T11) was superior compared to other
treatments after harvest of test crop in both the year as well as pooled
basis. The pore space 50.98, 49.21 and 50.09% was found in 2013-14 and
2014-15 as well as polled basis. The bulk density and particle density was
further decrease with Treatment T11 which was 1.03, 1.01, 1.02 and
2.21, 2.23 and 2.23, respectively in both the year as well as polled basis.The same trend was found in pH and EC of the soil
under same treatments and whereas organic carbon was higher under same
treatments. In respect of nutrient availability, available N and P2O5
was 333, 323, 328 and 34.57, 33.19, 33.88 Kg/ha respectively in both the year
as well as polled basis. The available K2O was found highest in
treatments T11 which was 217, 208 and 212 kg ha-1 respectively in
both the year as well as pooled basis. The overall results indicated that the
available N, P, K, OC, pH, pore space BD, PD, EC found to be
numerically non-significant but it should be supply adequate amount in
presence of organic fertilizer, increase the food grain production and
ultimately improve the soil health and sustain the soil fertility. Key
words:
Cluster bean, Integrated nutrient management (INM), Physical and Chemical
properties, Soil health |
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410 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1451-1456 (2016) Priming: A key for enhancing physiological parameters of seed Bhim Jyoti Department
of Seed Science and Technology, College of Fortestry,
V.C.S.G. UttrakhandUnivversity of Horticulture
and Forestry, Ranichauri, Tehri
Garhwal, India e-mail: bhimjyoti.2210@gmail.com (Received: January 29, 2016; Revised
received: September 08, 2016;Accepted: September 14, 2016) |
Abstract: Priming is
important processthat increases the germination and
reducedthe time taken for complete the germination.
It may be define as pre-emergencetreatment inwhichseedsabsorbwaterand then will be dried so that the
germination process is
startedbuttheradicalemergenceisnothappened.ItimprovesgerminationbyearlyDNA
replication, increases RNA and protein synthesis,accelerates
embryogrowth,repairsthedamagedanddeteriorated seeds
and causesa significant reduction in leakage of
metabolites and finally results in bettergermination,seedlingestablishmentandbetteryieldoffield
crops. There are several type of priming techniquethatare
usedto enhance the germination and seedling growthwhich,ultimateresponsible
for the production of higheryieldin agricultural
and horticultural crops. Hydro, osmo, halo and biopriming are commonly used priming technique. It is
also involved in enhancing rice resistance to environmental stress weed
suppressive ability and rice yield. With the help of thisprocess
crop an established under saline condition by significantly increasing the
activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase
(POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and soluble sugar content and reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation under the salt stress
condition in the seedlings.Nowadays moringa leaf extract are used as priming agent due to
presence of micro and macro nutrient that have beneficial impact on seed
germination and it have no harmful effect on plant growth. This technique
protects plant against diseases and pests anddecreases
theuse of fertilizers and pesticides. So priming is
an important tool for obtaining rapid and uniform emergence that increase the
seed yield and seeds are able to germinate under stress condition. Key
words:
Priming, Germination, Seedling estsbishment, Stress
condition, Morianga leaf extract |
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411 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1457-1460 (2016) Effect of fertigation and mulching
on yield and yield attributes studies in papaya under South Gujarat
conditions P. B. Jadhav*1,
B.V. Padhiar1, A.K. Senapati1, Namdev D.
Gaware2, Bhor
R.A.3 andD.P. Nawalkar1 1Aspee College of
Horticulture and Forestry, Navsari Agricultural
University, Navsari, Gujarat, India 2Cinnabaris SPY, PVT. Ltd., 3PDEA’S.,
Pirangut J. College, Pirangut,
Pune, India *e-mail: paragbjadhav11@gmail.com (Received: November 11, 2015; Revised
received: September 01, 2016;Accepted: September 05, 2016) |
Abstract: A study was
undertaken to evaluate yield and yield attributes of papaya cv. Red Lady
(786) with respect to fertigation and mulching as
per the treatments viz., 1st
factor three levels of N and K @ 100, 80 and 60% of recommended dose
(200:200:250), 2nd factor two levels of
splits and 3rd factor two levels of mulching of black plastic
mulch @ 20% area coverage (50 Micron(µ) and it was analyzed in
randomized block design with factorial concept. An overall result of yield
attributes of papaya was found higher value in the treatment fertigation level @ 100% recommended dose fertilizer.
Adoption of fertigation level @ 100% recommended
dose of fertilizer (200g N, 200 g P2O5 and 250 g K2O)
recorded significantly highest average fruit weight (1.13 and 1.10 kg) and
fruit yield (74.34 and 69.34 tonne/ha) in both the
locations as compared to control. Key
words: Papaya,
Drip irrigation, Split, Black plastic mulch (BPM) and Fertigation |
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412 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1461-1466 (2016) Effects of hydropriming and
different sowing dates on growth and yield attributes of Lentil (Lens
culinaris M.) V.P. Singh, S. Nath,
S.S. Patra, S. Sahoo and
S. Rout* School of Forestry
and Environment, Sam Higginbottom Institute of
Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Allahabad-211 007, India *e-mail: sandeeprout1988@gmail.com (Received: January 31, 2016; Revised
received: September 03, 2016;Accepted: September 09, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted to evaluate the “effects of hydropriming
and different sowing dates on growth and yield attributes of Lentil (Lens culinaris M.) during Rabi
season of2014-15. The experiment was conducted in Randomised
Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The highest mean germination
percentage was recorded at H2 [12 hrs of hydropriming]
(92.21%), highest mean plant height at 80 DAS (38.58 cm), highest mean number
of branches at 60 DAS (8.93), highest mean number of grain per plant (81.11),
highest mean test weight (29.44 g), highest mean grain yield (11.87 q/ha),
mean highest harvest index (37.92%) were recorded in similar hydropriming treatment. Therefore it may be concluded
that 22nd Nov with 12 hrs of hydropriming treatment can be recommended to Lentil (Malika variety) grower for obtaining better growth and
yield. Key
words:
Hydropriming, Lentil, Unprimed, Sowing |
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413 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1467-1470 (2016) In vitro shoot
proliferation in commercial cultivars of sugarcane (Saccharum
officinarum L.) M.R.
Mishra1,
S. Beura2, S. Rout*3, R. Beura4
and P.N. Jagadev5 1Department of Biotechnology, GITAM University,
Visakhapatnam-530 045, India 2Biotechnology-cum-Tissue Culture Centre, 4College of Basic Science and Humanity, 5Dean
of Research, Orissa University of Agriculture
and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003, India 3School of Forestry & Environment, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology and
Sciences, Allahabad-211 007, India *e-mail: sandeeprout1988@gmail.com (Received: March 09, 2016; Revised
received: September 09, 2016;Accepted: September 12, 2016) |
Abstract: A study was
carried out with the objective to standardize the media supplements for shoot
proliferation of Co 86032 and Co 7805. The result revealed that MS medium
fortified with Kinetin 3.0 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l BAP were found to be optimum for
early shoot initiation, Kinetin 2.5 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l significantly produced
maximum number of shoot (5.10) in sugarcane cv. Co 86032. MS medium fortified
with Kinetin 2.0 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l BAP was found to be most suitable for
early shoot initiation. Kinetin 2.0 mg/l and 1.0 mg/l BAP significantly
enhanced available days for shoot proliferation (10.00), Kinetin 2.5 mg/l and
1.0 mg/l BAP significantly increased number of shoots (4.32) in cv.7805.Hence
the protocol is useful for shoot proliferation, rapid in vitro
propagation and production of large quantity of quality planting material of
this sugarcane cultivars. Key words: Bio regulators, Explants, In vitro, Saccharum officinarum,
Shoots |
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414 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1471-1473 (2016) Effect of different levels of sulphur
on growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.) under drip irrigation M. Mustafa Haris,
M. Anjanappa*, B. Sureshkumara
and R. Kiran Kumar Department
of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, UHS Campus, GKVK Post,
Bengaluru-560 065, India *e-mail: m_anjanappa@rediffmail.com (Received: January 25, 2016; Revised
received: September 10, 2016;Accepted: September 15, 2016) |
Abstract: Field experiment
was conducted to study the effect of different levels of sulphur
on growth and yield of onion. The treatment T4-Recommended dose of
fertilizer (RDF) + 45 kg S ha-1 was recorded maximum plant height
at 30 days after planting (DAT) (19.35 cm), 60 DAT (22.45 cm) and 90 DAT
(23.38 cm), maximum number of leaves per plant at 30 DAT (8.38), 60 DAT (9.9)
and 90 DAT (10.88), collar thickness (1.47 cm), neck thickness (0.73 cm),
polar diameter of bulb (7.23 cm), equatorial diameter of bulb (6.28 cm),
number of rings per bulb (7.92), average bulb weight (88.88 g) average bulb dry
weight (14.35 g bulb-1), bulb yield per plot (37.8 kg plot-1),
total bulb yield (61.96 t ha-1) and marketable bulb yield (59.06 t
ha-1) which was followed by treatment T5- RDF + 30 kg S ha-1 and
T5- RDF + 60 kg S ha-1. Therefore, among the different levels of sulphur treatment, application of 45 kg of S ha-1
along with recommended dose of fertilizer is recommended to increase growth
and yield of onion. Key
words: Growth,
Sulphur fertilizer, Yield, Onion |
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415 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1474-1477 (2016) Impact of water stress on physiological and biochemical
parameters of finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) Hina Khatoon* and Vir Singh Department
of Environmental Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology,
Pantnagar (U.S. Nagar), Uttarakhand,
India *e-mail: hinakhatoon29@gmail.com (Received: January 26, 2016; Revised
received: September 11, 2016;Accepted: September 17, 2016) |
Abstract: The present
investigation attempts to evaluate the effect of water stress on some
physiological (chlorophyll content, relative water content) and biochemical (proline content) parameters in two landraces of finger
millet (Eleusine coracana
L.), black finger millet and brown finger millet, through different levels of
drought (15, 30, 45 days) and at different developmental stages of the
plants. Chlorophyll content (1.35 and 1.42 mg/g fr.wt)
and proline content (27.38 and 28.57 µmoles g-1fr.wt) in Black and Brown landraces of finger millet
under different drought levels respectively recorded significant (p<0.05)
differences, whereas relative water content (67.35 and 68.24%) for the Black
and Brown finger millet landraces respectively registered non-significant (p>0.05)
difference. It was concluded that Brown finger millet had higher degree of
tolerance for water stress compared to Black finger millet and these
parameters could be useful and reliable indices for selection of drought
resistant landraces of finger millet in the millet growing areas of India. Key
words: Finger
millet (Eleusine coracana
L.), Water stress, Chlorophyll content, Relative water content (RWC), Proline content |
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416 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1478-1481 (2016) Effect of the efficacy of foliar application of water soluble
fertilizers in vegetable cowpea Vivek Kumar Singhal1, G.G. Patel1, Uttam Kumar2, Thaneshwar
Kumar2 and Bindiya Painkra2 1Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
N.M.C.A., NAU, Navsari-396 450, India 2Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
C.O.A., IGKV, Raipur-492 012, Chhattisgarh, India *e-mail: vivek.nau44@gmail.com (Received: February 06, 2016; Revised
received: September 13, 2016;Accepted: September 18, 2016) |
Abstract: The field
experiment comprised of seven treatments of spraying of water soluble
fertilizers; viz., Mixed fertilizer 19:19:19 @ 0.5%, Urea @ 1%,
MCP @ 0.5%, MOP @ 0.5, DAP @ 2%, Banana pseudostem
enriched sap @ 1% and Water spray as control was conducted to study the
effect of foliar application of fertilizers in cowpea. Three sprays of banana
pseudostem enriched sap @ 1% resulted in achieving
the highest commercial green pod yield (9.71 t/ha), protein content (21.46%)
as well as total N (74.66 kg/ha), P (12.97 kg/ha) and K (52.12 kg/ha) uptake
by cowpea and was found at par with three sprays of mixed fertilizer 19:19:19
@ 0.5% in all cases. whereas, maximum absorption of N through leaves was
noted with spraying of urea @ 1% (T2) while P and K with spraying
of mixed fertilizer 19-19-19 @0.5% (T1) and in most of the cases,
treatment (T6) receiving enriched sap @ 1% remained statistically
at par during all the sprays. Hence, 3 sprays of enriched sap (T6)
or mixed fertilizer (19:19:19) is recommended for cowpea. Key
words:Efficacy, Foliar
application, Nutrient uptake and Water soluble fertilizers |
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417 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1482-1483 (2016) Genetic variability studies in fenugreek (Trigonella
foenum-graecum L.) J. Patil*,
S.S. Vijayapadma and S. Koppad Department
of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic crops, College of Horticulture,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India *e-mail: jyotipat612@gmail.com (Received: January 28, 2016; Revised
received: September 12, 2016;Accepted: September 18, 2016) |
Abstract: Twenty five
genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) were studied for variability,
heritability and genetic advance. High estimates of phenotypic and genotypic
coefficient of variation were recorded for number of pods per plant which
indicates the presence of high amount of genetic variability for this
character. The difference between phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV)
and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for seed yield per
plant, seed yield per plot, fresh weight of the plant and dry weight of the
plant indicating that these traits were influenced by the environment, while
the differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation
were less for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering and days to pod
maturity. High heritability estimates along with high genetic advance as per centof mean was observed for plant height, number of
primary branches, fresh weight of the plant, dry weight of the plant, number
of pods per plant, harvest index (HI) and hundred seed weight indicating
predominance of additive gene effects for these traits. It was concluded that
improvement in the seed yield of fenugreek is possible through selection of
plant height, number of branches, fresh weight of the plant, dry weight of
the plant, number of pods per plant, harvest index and hundred seed weight. Key
words:
Variability, Heritability, Fenugreek |
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418 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1484-1486 (2016) Effect of pre storage pulsing, wet and dry storage on vase
life of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) Ch. Girija*1,
Sujatha A. Nair2, Meenakshi
Srinivas2 and G.K. Seetharamu1
1Dept. of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture,
College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot-507
103, India 2Division of Ornamental Crops, Indian Institute of
Horticultural Research, Bengaluru-560 065, India *e-mail: girijakumarich@gmail.com (Received: February 02, 2016; Revised
received: September 16, 2016;Accepted: September 21, 2016) |
Abstract: An experiment was
conducted to study the effect of pulsing and wet (400 ppm
citric acid solution and water) and dry storage (wrapping spikes in
polypropylene sheet and news paper) on vase life of cut flowers of tuberose
cv. Prajwal and observations were recorded based on
the parameters like freshness of the flowers, colour
retention, days to fifty per cent wilting, number of fully opened florets,
floret shattering, physiological loss in weight and water uptake. Results
showed that wet storage of the tuberose spikes with 400 ppm
citric acid and the pre-storage pulsing with 20 % sucrose recorded for 20
hours the minimum number of shattered florets, maximum water uptake in pulsed
spikes after 24 and 48 hours of storage. Key
words: Tuberose,
Cut flowers, Pulsing, Dry and wet storage, Vase life |
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419 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1487-1492 (2016) Genetic variability, inter-relationship and path analysis
studies in single cross quality protein maize (Zea
mays L.) hybrids Jay Prakash1,
Naresh Thakur1,
Aman Rana1,Ankita Sood2, Anju Pathania1, J.K.
Sharma1 and S. Lata1* 1CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, India; 2Punjab
Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India *e-mail: slatasharma@gmail.com (Received: February 05, 2016; Revised
received: September 15, 2016;Accepted: September 21, 2016) |
Abstract: The present study
was undertaken with the objective to determine the nature and magnitude of
variability, degree of inter-relationship between yield and its component
traits and their direct, indirect effects on grain yield in 45 single cross
Quality Protein Maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). The results indicated that the hybrids
showed significant variability for most of the traits studied. The range of
PCV was observed from 2.56 to 30.63% for the traits under study which
provides a picture to the extent of phenotypic variability in the hybrids.
The PCV was noted high for the grain yield per plant (30.63%) and moderate
for grains per row (16.25%). Genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from
2.35 to 30.12%. Maximum GCV was observed for grain yield per plant (30.12%).
Grain yield per plant was found to be significant positively associated with
plant height, cob placement height, 100-seed weight, cob length, cob girth,
grains per row and protein content at genotypic level.Days
to 50% silking exhibited the highest magnitude of
direct effects on grain yield followed by 100-seed weight, grains per row and
plant height. The component traits viz., plant height, 100-seed weight
and grains per row with grain yield per plant showed positive and significant
correlation (0.6647, 0.8182 and 0.8314) and also exhibited positive and
strong direct effects (0.3244, 1.0809 and 0.9167) on grain yield per plant. Key
words:
QPM, Hybrids, Genetic parameter of variability, Correlation, Path analysis, Zea mays L. |
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420 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1493-1496 (2016) Improving post-harvest
vase life of cut gerbera using antioxidants and mineral salts Bhanu Murthy K.C.1*,
Prashanth. P.2 and Lakshmi
narayana D.2 1Division of Ornamental Crops, ICAR-IIHR, Hessarghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru-560 089, India 2COH, Mojerla, SKLTSHU,
Telangana-509 001, India *e-mail: k.c.bhanumurthy1989@gmail.com (Received: February 23, 2016; Revised
received: September 18, 2016;Accepted: September 22, 2016) |
Abstract: The vase life of
cut gerbera is often limited by bending of the flower stalk called as scape bending, a premature senescence apart from normal
senescence. Senescence of cut gerbera could be differed with floral
preservatives in vase solution. The cut gerbera were precooled
at 5oC for6 hours followed by pulsing with sucrose 20% and sodium hypochlorite
(NaOCl) 50 ppm for12
hours and then held in antioxidants and mineral salt solutions i.e. ascorbic
acid, salicylic acid, calcium chloride and their combinations in different
concentrations kept at ambient temperature. The cut gerbera kept in calcium
chloride 0.1% + sucrose 4% significantly increased vase life (10.98 days)
over control-distilled water (4.54 days). The treatment calcium chloride 0.1%
+ sucrose 4% showed maintenance of better water relations and reduced scape bending curvature (5.10 degrees). Total soluble
solids recorded in calcium chloride 0.1% + sucrose 4% was also higher (9.40 oBrix) than control (5.11 oBrix).
Antimicrobial activity of calcium chloride reduced the microbial
proliferation (4.35 x 105 cfu/ml)
in calcium chloride 0.1% + sucrose 4% as indicated by lower optical density
(0.041) compared to control (0.116). Key
words:
Gerbera, Vase life, Ascorbic acid, Salicylic acid, Calcium chloride, TSS |
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421 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1497-1500 (2016) Effect of juice extraction techniques on juice recovery and
total soluble solids of wood apple (Feronia
limonia) juice Harsh P. Sharma* and D.C. Joshi College
of Food Processing Technology and Bio-energy, Anand
Agricultural University, Anand-388 110, India *e-mail: harshsharma1983@yahoo.co.in (Received: February 18, 2016; Revised
received: September 20, 2016;Accepted: September 26, 2016) |
Abstract: Authors studied
the effect of juice extraction techniques on juice recovery and total soluble
solids of a under exploited fruit, Wood apple (“Feronia
Limonia”). Pretreatments i.e. steaming ( 2, 4,
6 and 8 minutes) and enzyme treatment (pectinase
enzyme) followed by three juice extraction methods at different rpm was
studied for juice extraction from wood apple (Feronia
limonia) fruit pulp and evaluated for juice recovery
and TSS content of juice. Juice extractor evaluated were Basket centrifuge
(BC), Screw type juice extractor (SE) and fruit pulper
(FP). Combined pretreatment (steaming and enzyme) i.e. 6 min of steaming, 30
mg/100g enzymatic concentration, 6 hrs of incubation time at 40oC
incubation temperature obtained maximum juice recovery (82.36%) and TSS
content (5.3oBx) of the wood apple
juice. The Screw type juice extractor obtained highest juice recovery
(85.62%) and TSS (5.6 °Bx) at 150 rpm followed by
Basket centrifuge (BC) and fruit pulper (FP). Key
words: Wood
apple juice, Steaming, Juice extractor, Juice recovery, TSS |
|
422 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1501-1503 (2016) Drudgery reduction of farm women through groundnet
decorticator S.P. Tripathi*,
Jayshree Tiwari, Sonam Tripathi and S.P.S. Somvanchi Krishi Vigyan
Kendra, Mandsaur, RVS Agriculture University,
Gwalior, M.P., India *e-mail: tripathisun84@gmail.com (Received: January 31, 2016; Revised
received: September 21, 2016;Accepted: September 27, 2016) |
Abstract: Groundnut
cultivation is mainly dependent on human and animal power using conventional
devices. Groundnut decorticator is predominantly manual operation, which
requires large number of human work force during harvesting season. Women in
agriculture are generally employed in the operations, which are either not
mechanized or least mechanized and involve a lot of drudgery. A study was
conducted to assess ergonomically the efficiency of improved post harvest
technologies viz. groundnut decorticator, carried out on farm women in
adopted villages Aghoriya and Daluda
Rail under On Farm Testing and Front Line Demonstration programme
conducted by KVK, Mandsaur (M.P.). Eighteen
farmwomen were selected to assess and compare the impact of improved
technology over conventional practice. It was clearly depicted that groundnut
decorticator has been proved efficient on time and output parameters as it
increases the output when compared with traditional decortication
by hand. The average cardiac cost of work was decreased by 83.00% with the
use of groundnut decorticator. Drudgery reduction was found 84.26 per cent by
use of groundnut decorticator and it also saves time by 96.00% when compared
to traditional practice, The physiological cost of work and energy
expenditure in terms of heart rate were observed to be lower while performing
selected activities with groundnut decorticator when compared to the
traditional practice. The work output was also found higher with the improved
technology. Key
words:
Groundnut decorticator, Cleaning efficiency, Drudgery, Cardiac cost, Farm
women |
|
423 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1504-1507 (2016) Impact of simulated transportation and packaging materials on
physiological properties of Ber Preeti*, Goyal R.K. and Bhanukar Manoj Department
of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar,
India *e-mail: parmar.preeti80@gmail.com (Received: February 19, 2016; Revised
received: September 22, 2016;Accepted: September 27, 2016) |
Abstract: The present study
was undertaken to find out the impact of simulated transportation and
packaging materials by providing simulation vibration of 50 rpm for time
duration of 3 and 6 hours on physiological properties of ber
fruits cv. Umran during transportation and storage
under ambient conditions. Among various treatments, it was found that fruits
simulated at vibration of 50 rpm for 3 hours and packed in corrugated fibre board boxes showed minimum mechanical injury,
physiological loss in weight and decay losses. These fruits also maintained
the fruit firmness and total chlorophyll content for a longer storage period.
The maximum losses were noted in fruits given simulation vibration for 6
hours and stored in nylon netted bags. Packaging of fruits in CFB boxes was
found most effective in reducing all the losses as compared to other types of
packages used. Key
words:
Ber, Corrugated fiber board boxes, Nylon netted
bags, Simulation vibration, Umran |
|
424 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1508-1509 (2016) Studies on the vegetative growth, flowering and yield
characters of different cultivars of China aster (Callistephus
chinensis L. Nees)
under hill zone of Karnataka Savitha,
K.H.*, V. Srinivasa, J.L. Ramesha
and Shivayya Mathapati Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture,College
of Horticulture, Mudigere-577 132, India *e-mail: savitakh94@gmail.com (Received: January 27, 2016; Revised
received: September 23, 2016;Accepted: September 28, 2016) |
Abstract: The present study was conducted in the experimental field
of Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of
Horticulture, Mudigere during the year 2013-2014.
The study was conducted to identify suitable China aster cultivars under hill
zone of Karnataka. Among the nine cultivars studied, there were highly
significant variations observed in performance with respect to growth,
flowering and yield parameters. The cultivar Phule Ganesh White produced maximum plant height (62.25 cm),
number of primary branches per plant (18.21), stem girth (12.08 mm), flower
yield per plant (308.68 g) and seed yield per plant (8.70 g). However, early
flowering (53.53 days) was recorded in cultivar Shashank
followed by Poornima (58.40 days). While, maximum
flowering duration (35.17 days) was recorded in cultivar Kamini,
maximum number of flowers per plant (57.27) was recorded in cultivar Phule Ganesh Violet. Key words: China aster, Asteraceae,
Cultivar |
|
425 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1510-1512 (2016) Integrated
nutrient management options for growth, yield and quality of elephant foot
yam (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius
L) Brij Mohan Singh*1,
P.K. Singh1, R.B. Verma2 and
Anil Kumar1
1Department of Vegetable Science, N. D. University of
Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad-224
229, India 2Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour,
Bhagalpur, India *e-mail:
singhbm09@gmail.com (Received: December
22, 2015; Revised received: September 03, 2016;Accepted: September 07, 2016) |
Abstract: To explore the
possibility of various nutrient management options in elephant foot yam,an experiment was carried
out in randomized block design with three replications. Results revealed that
the growth parameters like shoot height (95.12cm) and girth of stem (13.42cm)
were maximum when crop was supplemented with 150: 60:120kg NPK/ha and
substituted additional 50kg N through vermicompost
and FYM, respectively, while yield attributes i.e. number of corms (1.50) per
plant, fresh weight of corms (2.39kg/plant), total biomass (163.55kg/plot)
and yield (50.87t/ha) andnet return per rupee
investment (1.86). were obtained highest in the
treatment receiving 125: 60:100kg NPK/ha + 50kg N through FYM followed by
125: 60:100kg NPK/ha + 50kg N through Vermicompost. Quality parameters
remained unaffected due to various nutrient management options. Key
words: INM,
FYM, Yield, Net return, Vermicompost |
|
426 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1513-1516 (2016) Performance of banana genotypesfor
growth and yieldunder northern dry zone of
Karnataka B.S. Sagar,
B. Raju, Kulapati Hipparagi, G. Manjunatha, R. Sumaand Kanthesh Gandolkar Department
of Fruit science, College of Horticulture, University of Horticultural
Sciences, Bagalkot-587 103, India *e-mail: sagar99022@gmail.com (Received: February 11, 2016; Revised
received: September 24, 2016;Accepted: September 29, 2016) |
Abstract: A field experiment
was conducted to evaluate the perfomance of banana
genotypes for growth, yield to find the suitable genotype for Bagalkot region of Karnataka. Twenty three genotypes viz.,
Karibale, Kayipallebale,
Rajapuri, Red banana, Rasabale,
Elakkibale, Kanayibanasi,
Mitli, Bargibale, Balbisiana, Pisanglilin,
FHIA-3, Lalchakrakeli, Basrai
Dwarf, Monthon, Robusta, Kadali,
YangaviKM-5, Sakkarebale, Karpuravalli,
Poovan, Pisangawak and
Hanuman were evaluated. Among the genotypes investigated, Monthon
was found the tallest (305.00 cm) and YangaviKM-5 exhibited the maximum plant
girth (76.27 cm). The important characters like leaf length (166.67 cm), leaf
area (0.82 m2), Finger girth (17.53 cm) and finger weight
(243.27g) were found maximum in Robusta genotype. The maximum number of
leaves (17.33), finger length (22.43 cm), fingers per hand (24.62), bunch
weight (38.77 kg) and yield per hectare (43.07 t ha-1) were
recorded best in the genotype Hanuman. Among the genotypes evaluated, the
genotype hanuman was found the best with respect to yield under Bagalkot region of Karnataka. Key
words:
Banana, Evaluation, Genotypes, Growth, Yield |
|
427 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1517-1521 (2016) Efficacy of biocontrol antagonist Pseudomonas
fluorescens against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato Shital C. Raut* and S.N. Mahapatra 1Department of Nematology,
Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India *e-mail: shittu18@gmail.com (Received: January 23, 2016; Revised
received: September 23, 2016;Accepted: September 29, 2016) |
Abstract: Soil drenching
with the liquid formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens@
10ml/litre at transplanting and again at 30 DAT at
same dose proved to be the best amongst all the treatments in improving the
growth of tomato plants and mitigating the multiplication of root knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Soil
drenching with the liquid formulation of P. fluorescens
@ 10ml/litre at transplanting and again at 30
DAT at same dose resulted 17.3, 20.0 and 20.5% significant increase in shoot
height, dry weight of shoot and root respectively, as compared to untreated
check. Drenching with the bio-agent caused reduction in number galls and egg
masses per plant as well as final nematode multiplication in soil and root to
the tune of 38.2, 35.7, 25.1 and 30.0% respectively. However, drenching with P.
fluorescens @ 10ml/litre
at transplanting alone also resulted significant
increase in shoot height (15.9%), dry weight of shoot (16.4%) and root
(18.4%). Host infection in terms of number galls and egg masses per plant as
well as final nematode multiplication in soil and root was decreased by 33.6,
32.6, 24.4 and 28.2%, respectively. Both the above treatments (P. fluorescens @ 10ml/litre at
transplanting + at 30 DAT and P. fluorescens @
10ml/litre at transplanting only) were
statistically at par. The bio-agent P. fluorescens,
drenching pot soil @ 5ml/litre at transplanting
alone, either could not produce any significant result. Key
words: Efficacy,
Root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita,
Tomato cv. Pusa ruby, Pseudomonas fluorescens |
|
428 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1522-1525 (2016) Effect of biofertilizers and growth
regulators on rooting and growth of hard wood cutting of grapevine (Vitis vinifera
L.) cv. Thompson seedless Abhinav, Burman, R.N. Kanpure, S.R. Anjanawe, A. Haldar,R.P. Patel,
Tejasvi Singh*, and S.K. Yadav
Department
of Fruit Science, RajmataVijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, College of
Horticulture Mandsaur Madhya Pradesh, India *e-mail: tejasvisingh1991@gmail.com (Received: January 25, 2016; Revised
received: September 25, 2016;Accepted: September 29, 2016) |
Abstract: A poly bags open
field experiment was conducted to study the effect of biofertilizers
and growth regulators on rooting and growth of hardwood cuttings of grapevine
during the year 2008-09. The results revealed that all the growth and root
characters of grape vine cuttings i.e. days taken to start sprouting (15.61),
50% sprouting (25.25), cutting takes (62.36), success percentage (48.56), number
of shoots per cutting (2.63), shoot length at 100 days (26.09) total no. of
leaves per cutting (17.17), leaf area index (3.94), No. of roots per cutting
(14.52 cm ), length of roots (14.28 cm) ,diameter of roots (1.86 mm), fresh
weight of roots (10.44) and dry weight matter of roots (43.15%) were recorded
significantly higher. Similar trends also observed with the application of
IBA @ 2000ppm with all the growth and rooting parameters. The combined
application of PSB and IBA 2000ppm were significantly increases the cuttings
take per cent (70.44), total no. of leaves per cutting (23.78), no. of roots
per cutting (16.56) and length of root (15.73 cm). Key
words: Biofertilizer, PSB, Azotobacter, IBA and NAA |
|
429 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1526-1527 (2016) Screening of different grains substrates for quality spawn
production and morphology of Pleurotus folorida Susheel Kumar*1,
Ved Ratan3,
S.K. Pande1 , Neeraj
Kumar4, Vimlesh Kumar2,
Shivam5 and Santosh
Kumar Yadav6 1Department of Plant Pathology, 2Department
of Vegetable Science, 4Department of Seed Science and Technology, 5Department of Extension Education, NDUA&T Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229, India 3Departent of Plant
Pathology, 6Department of Agricultural Extension, CSAUA&T,
Kanpur-, India *e-mail: susheel8263@gmail.com (Received: January 11, 2016; Revised
received: September 26, 2016;Accepted: September 30, 2016) |
Abstract: The evaluation of
different grains substrates for production of spawn.The
study was conducted with the object to most suitable rain substrate,
experiment comprise different grains, namely wheat, bajra,
sorghum and maize alone and in their different combination. The study
revealed that the period for complete spawn preparation varied from 12 to 20
days, Minimum period of 12 days was taken for spawn preparation when sorghum
was used alone followed by wheat grain alone which took 15 days. However the
spawn prepared with jowar grain lostthere
viability early. The experiment concluded that the sorghum grain substrate
suitable for spawn production of Pleurotus
folorida. Key
words:
Pleurotus folorida,
Grains, Wheat, Bajra, Sorghum and maize, Spawn
production |
|
430 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1528-1531 (2016) Association and quantification of defoliators in cauliflower
and their correlations with abiotic factors in
eastern U. P. Rudra Pratap Singh*1 and Narendra
Pratap2 1Entomology, CCSPG College, Heonra
(Saifai), Etawah, India; 2SMS
(GPB), NDUAT, Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229, India *e-mail: rudra.agento@gmail.com (Received: January 14, 2016; Revised
received: September 27, 2016;Accepted: September 30, 2016) |
Abstract: The extensive
studies on Defoliators insects associated with cauliflower during present
study 9 species were, Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera
litura was important and major pest fallowed by
Diamond back moth, Plutellaxylostella; Cabbage
caterpillarPierisbrassicae; Grasshopper, Acridaexaltata; Cabbage semilooper,
Thysanoplusiaorichalce; Bihar hairy
caterpillar, Spilarctiaobliqua; Mustard
sawfly, Athalialugensproxima; Castor semilooper, Achaea janata
and Red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophorafoveicollisinsects
associated with cauliflower in N.D.U.A. T, Faizabad
range of U.P. were recorded. Key
words:
Defoliators, Cauliflower, Abiotic factors |
|
431 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1532-1535 (2016) Effect of planting season on seed quality in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] Jitender*, Axay Bhuker, V.S. Mor, R.C. Punia and Rajesh Yadav Seed
Science & Technology Section, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India *e-mail: jeetuhau23@gmail.com (Received: March 26, 2016; Revised
received: September 30, 2016;Accepted: October 04, 2016) |
Abstract: Fifteen genotypes
of mungbean viz., MH 318, MH 565, MH 709, MH 729,
MH 1-25, MH 534, MH 805, MH 810, MH 735, MH 736, MH 539-1, MH 919, MH 560, MH
421 and MH 2-15 were evaluated for their performance for different viability
and vigour parameters. The results revealed that
summer season crop showed superiority over kharif
season for all the parameters. Significantly higher value for standard
germination (90.13%), seedling length (41.95cm), test weight (41.10g), seed
density (1.29), vigour index-I (3786.25), vigour index-II (1.84), Hard seeds (7.62%), tetrazolium test (94.87), dehydrogenase
activity test (0.638), field emergence index (10.71), seedling establishment
(63.16) and lower values for electrical conductivity (0.274) were recorded in
seed harvested from summer crop while lower values for standard germination
(83.16%), seedling length (37.40cm), test weight (35.66g), seed density
(1.17g/cc), vigour index-I (3117.49) , vigour index-II (1.440, tetrazolium
test (91.11%), dehydrogenase activity test (0.517),
field emergence index (9.35), seedling establishment (58.47%) and higher values
for electrical conductivity (0.371) were observed in kharif
season crop. It can be concluded that summer produce had better seed quality
compared to kharif produce, thus can be considered
as a better option for production of basic seed. Key
words: Planting
season, seed quality, mungbean, genotypes,
germination |
|
432 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1536-1539 (2016) Economics and impact of various herbicides on the diversity of
weed flora in french bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris L.) and residual effect on succeeding sorghum
crop under irrigated conditions Narinder Panotra*1 and Ashwani Kumar2 1Sher-e-Kashmir
University of Agricultural Sciences &Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir-180009, India. 2VAEA, Dept. of Agriculture, Zone Vijaypur,
SAMBA Jammu and Kashmir-184121, India *e-mail: dr.narinderpanotra@gmail.com (Received: April 22, 2016; Revised
received: October 03, 2016;Accepted: October 07, 2016) |
Abstract: Field experiments
were conducted to economics and impact of various herbicides on the diversity
of weed flora in French bean and residual effect on succeeding sorghum crop
under irrigated conditions of western U.P. Herbicides were applied alone or
combined with Hand weeding at 30 DAS. Among the different weed control
treatments, application of fluchloralin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha and pendimethalin
@ 1.0 kg a.i./ha reduced the population of
weed species included Anagallis arvensis, Melilotus
alba L., Melilotus indica L. and Phalaris
minor and decrease dry weight of weeds were significantly than weedy
check treatments in comparison. Maximum yield was recorded in fluchloralin @ 1.00 kg a.i./ha and pendimethalin @ 1.00 kg
a.i./ha treatments with a corresponding
value 11.12 and 11.08 q/ha of French bean and 371.50 and 362.45 q/ha of
Sorghum during two cropping seasons. The maximum gross returns Rs 50040 per
hectare and 49860 per hectare and net returns of Rs 27095 per hectare and Rs
26432 per hectare was recorded with fluchloralin @
1.00 kg a.i./ha and pendimethalin
@ 1.00 kg a.i./ha. Key
words:
French bean, Sorghum, Weed Flora, Economics and yield |
|
433 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1540-1543 (2016) Quantification of mineral nutrient variation at different
growth stages of litchi fruit (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Yogeshwari*1, U.K. Singh1, Hemant Kumar2 and Feza
Ahmad1 1Dept. of Horticulture, BAU, Sabour,
Bhagalpur-813 210, India; 2School of Forestry and Environment,
SHIATS, Allahabad-211 007, India *e-mail:yogeshwari.bau@rediffmail.com (Received: April 20, 2016; Revised
received: October 04, 2016;Accepted: October 07, 2016) |
Abstract: The present study
was conducted to quantify nutrient variation at different growth
stages of litchi fruit (Litchi chinensis Sonn.).Experimental result shows that the highest amount
of nitrogen (1.51%) and manganese (31.83ppm) was accumulated in cv. Dehra
Rose and while iron content was highest in cv. Ajhauli
(159.81ppm) among the cultivar investigated. However, no significant
differences were recorded in respect to fruit phosphorus, calcium and
magnesium content in all varieties .As far as potassium content is concerned,
the highest potassium was registered in cv. Ajhauli
and Shahi (0.96%). Micronutrient like zinc content
was found maximum in cultivar Purbi (31.88ppm),
while copper content was found maximum in cv. Shahi
(78.67ppm).In general, mineral nutrient like nitrogen (1.62%) was observed
highest at fruit initiation stage and decrease with the fruit growth.
However, very least difference in mineral nutrient content among stages was
observed in phosphorus, calcium and magnesium. While the maximum
concentration of potassium (1.05%), iron (286.92ppm) and manganese content
(41.28ppm) was observed during stone hardening stage and decreases in later
stages. While, the maximum concentration of zinc (32.48ppm) and copper
(95.78ppm) content was observed in harvest stage (based on pulp). However, no
significant difference was observed in phosphorus and magnesium. Keywords: Litchi, mineral
nutrients, growth stage, variety and quantification |
|
434 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1544-1547 (2016) Climate change impacts
on production of fruit crops Akula Venu*1, R.L. Chitroda1,
J.S. Parasana1 and Bhalani,
R. B.2 1Department of Horticulture, Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh-362001; 2KVK, Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388001 *e-mail: venunaiduhorti038@gmail.com (Received: March 08, 2016;
Revised received: October 01, 2016;Accepted: October 05, 2016) |
Abstract: Over the years,
environmental changes playing a significant role like occurrence of erratic
rain and snowfall, droughts increase in temperature etc resulting in
variation in the fruit production in India. Big fluctuation in temperature,
rainfall, more frequent occurrence of drought and severe storms are
characteristic symptoms of apparent impacts in the area from the global
climate change. A significant change in climate at global and national level
is certainly impacting horticulture and affecting fruit production and
quality. Extreme climates have led to total crop failure in fruit crop
production and warmer nights have deteriorated the fruit quality and
particular fruit flavor. Storms have lashed seriously and uprooted many fruit
crops, e.g., banana, litchi, papaya and mango while chilling injury by frosts
destroyed various crops. More frequent draught occurrence also decreased crop
yield and in some cases even caused total crop failure. Adaptation to and
mitigation of the negative impacts from climate change including political
policies, social awareness and technical measures are required to ensure the
sustainable development offruit industry in India.
Early technical preparations embraces breeding desirable new varieties of
better stresses resistance and high quality produce under field or protected
growing conditions. Key
words:
Fruits, Climate, Temperature, Management and India |
|
435 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1548-1551 (2016) Estimation of physiological parameters related to abiotic stress in sunflower genotypes R.K.
Sheoran, Bunty Sharma and
Vivek K. Singh* Oilseeds
Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCC HAU, Hisar *e-mail: vks.slay@gmail.com (Received: March 10, 2016;
Revised received: October 03, 2016;Accepted: October 06, 2016) |
Abstract:
Stress
is becoming an acute problem most constraining plant growth, terrestrial
ecosystem productivity, in many regions all over the world, particularly in
arid and semi-arid areas. To survive the stress, numerous morphological,
physiological and biochemical changes occur in various plants species. High
chlorophyll “b”, relative water content and soluble sugar are related to
resistance. Electrolyte leakage and osmotic potential has been recommended as
a valuable tool for identification of stress resistance cultivars. Sixteen
hybrids and their parents were tested with some biochemical and physiological
parameters related with stress like relative water content, membrane
stability index, soluble sugars, osmotic potential and chlorophyll content
(“a”, “b”, total chlorophyll). Hybrids showed better performance than most of
parents except than 91A. The hybrid, HSFH 1194 showed maximum values for
chlorophyll “a” (1.491 mg/g), chlorophyll “b” (1.206 mg/g), total chlorophyll
(2.69 mg/g), soluble sugar (31.73 mg/g), relative water content (93.97 %),
osmotic potential (-1.79 m OS/kg) and minimum value for membrane stability
index (10.81%). Soluble sugar content varied from 30.44- 41.75 and 7.84-
99.97 mg/g. for parents and hybrids respectively. Range for relative water content
in parents was 67.88-97.64% and for the hybrids variation was 64.32-99.97%.
The range for osmotic potential in parents was from -0.92 to -1.79 m OS/kg
and the hybrids from -1.6 to -1.81 m OS/kg. Out of all hybrids HSFH 1194
showed better performance than other hybrids and most of parents. Key
words:
Chlorophyll, RWC, OP, MSI, Soluble sugars, Sunflower |
|
436 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1552-1557 (2016) Greenhouse
microclimate modeling under cropped conditions - A review Mahesh
Chand Singh*, Abrar Yousuf and J.P. Singh Department
of Soil and Water Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University,
Ludhiana-141004, Punjab, India *e-mail: mahesh-swe@pau.edu (Received: March 02, 2016;
Revised received: October 04, 2016;Accepted: October 08, 2016) |
Abstract:
Growing
vegetable crops in greenhouse conditions has become popular throughout the
world. The greenhouse technology supports a favorable environment for crop
growth and development. Greenhouse climate is the major driving force which
directly affects the plant metabolic activities, fruit quality and therefore
the production of crops. The greenhouse microclimate is a combination of
physical processes involving energy and mass transfer processes which are
governed by environmental conditions, greenhouse structure, crop type and
state, and effect of the control actuators. Solar radiation, temperature
distribution and relative humidity are the main microclimatic parameters needed
to evaluate the climate suitability in a region for crop growth under
protected cultivation. Numerous models have been developed in the past to
describe the microclimate under different greenhouses and crops conditions.
Still, there exists a scope for better understanding of the relationships
between microclimate and plants community by means of appropriate modeling
techniques. Here, we have made an attempt to review the greenhouse
microclimate modeling studies during last few couple of decades. Key
words: Greenhouse,
Microclimate, Modeling, Microclimatic parameters |
|
437 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (12) 1558-1560 (2016) Evaluation of copper
toxicity on soil health, biochemical parameters and accumulation in maize
with interaction of iron Dharam Singh*1 and
Kamlesh Nath2 1Department of Environmental Science, I.B.S.B.T.,
C.S.J.M. University, Kanpur-208002, India 2Department of Environmental Science, University of
Lucknow, Lucknow-226007, India *e-mail:
ds_envi@rediffmail.com (Received: March 11, 2016; Revised
received: September 24, 2016;Accepted: September 29, 2016) |
Abstract:The soil culture
experiment was performed to study the effect on soil, biochemicalparameter
and metal accumulation in maize (Zea mays L.) under the influence of different
concentrations of copper. The antioxidant activity of catalase
(ml of H2O2 hydrolyzed/gm fresh weight) and peroxidase (D O.D./gm fresh
weight of tissues) were increased after 30,60 and 90 days, and high
accumulation of copper after 90 days also observed. The activities of
antioxidants were found gradually increased with increase exposed copper
concentration at 30, 60 and 90 days respectively. Likewise fresh weight and
moisture content decreased with increase copper concentration. The plants
grown on copper treated soil along with 25, 50 and 100 mg L-1
along with iron applicationshowed significant
effects (p<0.05) regarding increase in plant growth, yield, pigment,
protein and sugar contents, and decreased antioxidant activity. This
indicates that copper translocation in grains, above soil physiology seemed
to be well regulated, as their concentrations were fairly constant. The
accumulation of metal in plant tissue was found in the order of Fe>Cu and
their translocation were found less in grain than the plant. Key
words: Copper,
Iron, Soil, Antioxidants, catalase,peroxidase |