RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENT AND
LIFE SCIENCES
Volume-9, Number-7, JULY-2016
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225 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7) 781-783 (2016) Effect of sugar and storage periods on chemical composition of
whey beverage Ramji Lal, M.P.S. Yadav, A.S. Chauhan* and Shiv Sharan Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, C.S.A. University
of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, India *e-mail: aschauhan7569@gmail.com (Received: October 05, 2015; Revised
received: April 04, 2016;Accepted: April 07, 2016) |
Abstract: This study was
conducted to evaluate the effect of three different levels of sugar (9%, 10%
and 11% v/wt basis) and four various storage periods (0 day, 5 days, 10 days
and 15 days) on chemical content of whey beverage, these samples were stored
at 50 C, and evaluate the fat, protein, lactose, sucrose, ash and
total solids of whey beverage that were noticed during storage. This
evaluation process replicated three times. The various storage periods and
three different levels of sugar used for the preparation of whey beverage,
affected non-significantly at 5 % level of significance. The interaction
between sugar and storage periods found to be non-significant effect at 5%
level of significance. Storage periods did also not affect the chemical
components of whey beverage in respect of fat, protein, lactose, sucrose, ash
and total solids. The percentage of sugar and total solids were depends on
the addition of sugar during the preparation of whey beverage. On the basis
of results, the conclusion is that the chemical composition of whey beverage
does not differ up to 15th day of
storage and the product would be best for consumption at fresh day or day of
preparation. At 15th day of storage, its
remains fit for human consumption. Key
words: Whey
beverage, Sugar, Storage periods and Chemical content |
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226 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)784-789(2016) Estimates of general and specific combining ability for grain
yield and other physiological characters in bread wheat under late sown
condition Jaydev Kumar*1, S.K. Singh1, Lokendra Singh1, Anuj Kumar2, Anurag1,
Sanjay kumar Singh3 and Mukul Kumar4 1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding,
C.S. Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur-208002, India 2Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, N.D.
University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad-208002, India 3ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley
Research, Karnal- India, 132001 4Department of Botany and Plant
Physiology, Bihar Madan Bharti
Agriculture College, Agwanpur, Saharsa,
Bihar 852 201 India *e-mail: jaydev.140@rediffmail.com (Received: September 08, 2015; Revised
received: April 02, 2016;Accepted: April 05, 2016) |
Abstract: Ten parents of
bread wheat (Triticum aestivum
L. Em. Thell.) were crossed in a diallel
fashion (excluding reciprocals) and their 45F1’s and 45F2’s
were evaluated for combining ability for grain yield and its physiological
traits. The gca and sca components of variances were
significant for all characters over both generations. The (gca/sca)0.5 variances below unity in both the
generations showed the predominance of additive gene actions effects for all
the traits. On the basis of general combining ability (gca)
effect and per seperformance , parents K 0307 and K 0911 emerged as good general
combiners for grain yield per plant and average to high combiners for almost
all the traits under study. Both genotypes have good gene combinations
against high temperature tolerance during grain filling period. Parent K 9533
have good general combiner for CTD and parents K 0307 and K 0911 have also
positive gca effects for days to 75% flowering,
days to maturity, duration of reproductive phase in both generations. On the
basis of sca effects, the crosses DBW 14 x K 0424
and K 9533 x K 0307 emerged as good specific cross combinations over both
generations for grain yield per plant. These cross combinations are results
of high x high, high x low and low x low general combiners. Key words: Bread wheat,
Combining ability and Gene effects |
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227 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)790-795(2016) Seed yield, percent disease index and correlation studies as
influenced by different sowing windows and mungbean
varieties under foliar nutrition G. Madhu*, Ganajaxi
Math, P.S. Prabhamani,Rahul Sutar, A. Sudarshan Reddy and IrappaD. Patil Department
of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, India *e-mail: manumadhu.716@gmail.com (Received: October 15, 2015; Revised
received: March 27, 2016;Accepted: March 29, 2016) |
Abstract:A field experiment
was conducted during Kharif2012, The per cent disease index of leaf
spot significantly differed, among the dates of sowing. The crop sown on
first fort night of June (8.70) recorded significantly lower PDI followed by
second fort night of June (12.65), first fort night of July (17.35) and second
fort night of July (25.56) recorded the higher PDI. Among varieties,
significantly lower PDI was observed in IPM-02-14 (13.01) followed by DGGV-2
(15.46) and higher disease index was recorded in SEL-4 (19.72). Further it
was observed that the PDI differed significantly between 2 per cent DAP
(15.62) spray and without DAP (16.51) spray. The interaction between dates of
sowing and variety the D4V3 (second fort
night of July and variety SEL-4) recorded significantly PDI (35.00) followed
by D4V1 (23.33), D3V3 (19.81), D4V2
(18.33), D3V1 (17.59), D3V2
(14.63), D2V3 (14.44) and the lower PDI was recorded in
the interaction D1V2 (7.51). Whereas, dates of sowing
and 2 per cent DAP spray in D4S2 (26.67), followed by D4S1
(24.44), D3S2 (17.53), D3S1 (17.16),
D2S2 (12.96) D1S2 (8.9) and D1S1
(8.52). PDI is highly correlated with yield. Key words: Disease index, Mungbean varieties, Dates of Sowing, Foliar nutrition. |
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228 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)796-799(2016) Influence of pruning, ethephon and
some nutrient sprays on vegetative, flowering and fruit characteristics of
guava Deepa Lal*1, M.L. Meena1,
Md. Abu Nayyer2,Jitendra
Kumar Meena1,Tribhuvan
Rai1 and Ravi Shankar Verma1 1Department of Applied Plant Science
(Horticulture), Babasaheb Bhimrao
Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India 2Department of
Horticulture (Fruit & fruit Tech.), Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bihar, India *e-mail: deepalal055@gmail.com (Received: October 17, 2015; Revised
received: April 06, 2016;Accepted: April 10, 2016) |
Abstract:Present investigation was
carried out to find out the Influence of Pruning, Ethephon
and some Nutrient sprays on Vegetative, Flowering and Fruit characteristics
of Guava. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design .The
selected plants were pruned at 25%, 50% and 75 % shoot growth and plant selectedfor spray sprayed with Ethephon
(250 ppm, 500 ppm and
750ppm), Calcium nitrate (1.0, 1.5 % and 2.0 %)and Potassium nitrate (1.0 %,
3.0 % and 4.5 % ) solutions in first week ofMay and
control (without any treatment). The observations were recorded on shoot
girth, shoot length, trunk girth, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight,
number of flower per tree and fruit yield. Shoot length with pruning, KNO3
and, Ca(NO3)2was better than
that of ethephon and control in increasing the
shoot length. shoot length (23.45 cm) and (20.41 cm) were found with the
plants treated with 75%and 50 % pruning, Shoot girth (18.24 mm) and trunk
girth (3.06) were maximum with the plants treated with 75 % pruning.Maximum number of flowers per plant (796.5),
fruit weight (170.30 g) and (165.63 g) were found with pruning 50 %and
KNO3 4.5% treated plants. The maximum fruit length (7.49 cm), Fruit
width (6.49 cm), number of fruit per tree (267.67) and yield (46.29 kg/tree)
is found with the 50 % pruning and KNO3 4.5% treated plants. Key words: Guava, Pruning, Ethephon,Potassium nitrate, Calcium nitrate, Vegetative,
Flowering and Fruit characteristics |
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229 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)800-802(2016) Physical evaluation of fresh and stored whey beverage by using
various levels of sugar Ramji Lal, M.P.S. Yadav, A.S. Chauhan* and P.K. Upadhyay Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, C S A University of
Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, India *e-mail: aschauhan7569@gmail.com (Received: October 10, 2015; Revised
received: April 08, 2016;Accepted: April 10, 2016) |
Abstract:This study was
conducted to evaluate the effect of three different levels of sugar (9%, 10%
and 11% v/wt basis) and various four storage periods (0 day, 5 days, 10 days
and 15 days) used for the preparation of whey beverage, these samples were
stored at 50 C, and evaluate the overall acceptability of whey
beverage that were noticed during storage. This evaluation process replicated
three times. The various storage periods and three different levels of sugar
used for the preparation of whey beverage, affected significantly at 0.1 %
level of significance. The interaction between sugar and storage periods
found to be non-significant effect at 5% level of significance. In case of
sugar, higher concentration of sugar retarded the growth of microorganism and
increases the palatability of the product, so optimum level of sugar was
liked more than other combinations. The overall acceptability of the product
was decreased due the intensity of microbial contamination and off colour, low appearance and dull sweetness, so as days of
storage periods increases the acceptability would be decreased. The product
was best for consumption at fresh day or day of preparation. At 15th day of storage, the acceptability was
decreased but its remains fit for human consumption. It was recommended that
the best quality of whey beverage can be obtained by using optimum
concentration of sugar at current day of preparation and it would be remain
consumable up to 15 days when it stored at 50C. Key words: Whey beverage, Sugar,
Storage periods and sensory quality |
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230 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)803-807(2016) Assessment of Trichoderma viride for compatibility and sensitivity against Rhizoctonia solani and
common insecticides Narender Kumar*, Sushil Kumar Singh, Vipul Kumar,
Surender Kumar and Akshay
Kumar Department
of Plant Pathology, C.S. Azad University of Agri. and Tech., Kanpur, India *e-mail: Kumar.narendra6887@gmail.com (Received: November 06, 2015; Revised
received: May 04, 2016;Accepted: May 08, 2016) |
Abstract:Trichodermais a best biological weapon for plant disease
management.The success of bio-control agents is
dependent on its compatibility with other chemical pesticides used in
agriculture. However, the compatibility of Trichoderma
to pesticides needs confirmation before its use in integrated management
system. Studies were conducted on the isolation and characterization of Trichoderma and tolerance and sensitivity of T.
viride against common pesticides.Trichoderma
was isolated on potato dextrose Agar (PDA) medium and identified as T.
viride on the basis of cultural and
morphological characters. Among the solid and liquid media the maximum mycelial growth of T. viride
were recorded on Potato Dextrose Agar and in potato dextrose broath. In vitro toxicity and compatibility study
of commonly used insecticides like acetamiprid,thimethoxam
and acephatewere found highly compatible with T.
viride whereas, fipronil
was moderately compatible with T. viride at
recommended dose.Maximum population (5.33 cfu g-1 soil) of T. viride
was recorded in untreated control followed by monocrotophos
(5.33 cfu g-1soil), fipronil
(5.33 cfu g-1 soil), acetamiprid
(5.0 cfu g-1 soil) and acephate (5.0 cfu g-1 soil)
in pesticides treated pots at recommended doses after 30 days of inoculation.
We finally conclude that all testedinsectidesare
found highly compatible with the T. viride
and they recommendfor
integrated disease management. Key words: Trichoderma viride, Rhizoctonia solani, Insecticides, Biological weapon, Monocrotophos, Fipronil, Acetamiprid, Acephate |
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231 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)808-812 (2016) Isolation, characterization and mass multiplication of entomopathogenic fungi: A review Vandana Shukla*1, Payal Devi2
and Sanghmitra Baghel1 1Dept. of Plant
Pathology, 2Dept. of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur - 492
012, Chhattisgarh, India *e-mail: amazingvanna@gmail.com (Received: October 12, 2015; Revised
received: April 10, 2016;Accepted: April 15, 2016) |
Abstract:An
attractive alternative method to chemical pesticides is the microbial biocontrol (MBCAs) agents. They are the natural enemies
devastating the pest population with no hazard effects on human health and
the environment. Entomopathogenic fungi has an
important position among all the biocontrol agents
because of its route of pathogenicity, broad host
rang and its ability to control both sap sucking pests such as mosquitoes and
aphids as well as pests with chewing mouthparts, yet they only cover a small
percentage of the total insecticide market. Entomopathogenic
fungi differ from other microorganisms in their infection process: they
directly break the cuticle to enter the insect hemocoel,
while other microorganisms enter by ingestion through mouth and then cause
disease. Various attempts have been made to isolate and characterize native entomopathogenic fungi. Isolation of these fungi has done
from dead insect larvae. Surface and mass culturing of these fungi has been
done in Potato Dextrose Agar and Potato Dextrose Broth respectively.
Different solid substrates i.e such as grains,
vegetable wastes, maize, bran, cotton seed, rice husk, wheat and liquid media
such as coconut water were evaluated at variable moisture content and yeast
extract concentration for mass production of two entomopathogenic
fungi: Beauveria bassiana
(Bals.) Vuellemin and
Metarhizium anisopliae.
In the present review the isolation, mass multiplication and
characterization of entomopathogenic fungi will be
discussed. Key
words: Entomopathogenic fungi, Isolation,
Surface culture, Mass multiplication |
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232 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)813-818 (2016) Seed yield, nutrient uptake, quality and economics of mungbean genotypes as influenced by different dates of
sowing and foliar nutrition G.
Madhu*, Ganajaxi Math, Rahul Sutar, P.S. Prabhamani, A. Sudarshan Reddy
and Irappa D. Patil Department
of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,
Karnataka, India *e-mail: manumadhu.716@gmail.com (Received:
October 15, 2015; Revised received: April 08, 2016;Accepted: April 14, 2016) |
Abstract: The experiment was
laid out in split- split plot design with 24 treatment combinations
consisting of four dates of sowing (14th
June, 29th June, 15th
July, 30th July), and three genotypes
(DGGV-2, IPM-02-14, SEL-4) and foliar spray of 2 per cent DAP and without sprayin black soil with a pH of 7.80 under rainfed condition. The early sown of 14th June crop with DGGV-2 and spraying of 2%
DAP at flowering and early pod development stage recorded significantly
higher net returns Rs.32226 ha-1and B: C ratio of 2.92 andsame treatment recorded significantly higher nitrogen,
phosphorous and potassium uptake (59.02, 11.90 and 26.16 kg ha-1,
respectively) compared to other dates of sowing. The genotype DGGV-2 recorded
significantly higher N, P and K uptake (50.89, 11.24 and 23.09 kg ha-1,
respectively) over IPM-02-14 (43.39, 10.29 and 21.39 kg ha-1,
respectively) and SEL-4 (45.30, 10.59 and 21.42 kg ha-1,
respectively). Significant difference was observed in N and P uptake with 2%
DAP spray compared no spray. None of the interactions were found to be
significant except date of sowing and genotype the D1V1
recorded significantly higher N, P and K uptake (64.28, 13.13, 29.14 kg ha-1,
respectively). Key words: Mungbean quality, Date of sowing, Economics |
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233 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)819-821 (2016) Drudgery reduction of farm women through twin wheel hoe for
weeding in soybean crop S.P.
Tripathi*1, G.S. Chundawat1,
S.P.S. Somvanshi1 and D.C. Shrivastava2 1Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Mandsaur RVS
Agriculture University, Gwalior, India 2Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Seoni,
J.N.K.V.V. Jabalpur, India *e-mail: tripathisun84@gmail.com (Received: October 24, 2015; Revised
received: May 04, 2016;Accepted: May 08, 2016) |
Abstract:Women in agriculture are
generally employed in the operations, which are either not mechanized or
least mechanized and involve a lot of drudgery. Weeding in soybean crop with
twin wheel hoe study was carried outwith farm women
in adopted villages Lasudawan and Surkheda under On Farm Testing(
FT) and Front Line Demonstration (FLD)programme
conducted by KVK, Mandsaur (M.P.). It was clearly
depicted that twin wheel hoe has proved efficient on time and output as ompared with traditional Khurpi.
The percentage change in average working heart rate was increased 18.88 per
cent with the use of twin wheel hoe. Drudgery reduction was found 70.21 per
cent by use of twin wheel hoe and also reduce physiological cost, 21.42 per
cent compare to traditional practice.Improved
technologies for weeding activity for farm women is recommended so they can
increase their efficiency, reduce the drudgery with time saving while
performing weeding activity. Key words: Twin wheel hoe,
Drudgery, Working efficiency, Cardiac cost, Farm women |
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234 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)822-825 (2016) Studies on integrated nutrient management in pearl millet-indian mustard cropping system M.F.
Husain*1, Vishwajeet Singh1,
H.G. Prakash2, Mohd.
Shamim2 and R.K. Pandey2 1regional Research
Station, Kalai, Aligarh, India; 2C.S.
Azad university of Agriculture
and Technology, Kanpur, India *e-mail: mfhusain15@gmail.com (Received: October 08, 2015; Revised
received: May 08, 2016;Accepted: May 10, 2016) |
Abstract:the main objective was
to find out the suitable dose of integrated nutrients for pearl millet and
Indian mustard under pearl millet-Indian mustard cropping system. The pooled
results of three years displayed that the direct application of FYM, @ 5 t +
N60 kg + P40 kg + K30 kg ha-1
with residue of N150 kg + P75 kg + K30 kg +
gypsum 200 kg + ZnSo4 10 kg + FeSo4 10 kg ha-1 gave significantly
higher grain yield of pearl millet (3288 kg ha-1). The lowest
grain yield of pearl millet recorded at control (2082 kg ha-1).
Significantly maximum seed yield of Indian mustard was recorded at direct
application of N150 kg + P75 kg + K30 kg +
gypsum 200 kg + ZnSo4 10 kg + FeSo4 10 kg ha-1 and residue of FYM
@ 5 t + N60 kg + P40 kg + K30 kg ha-1,
left by pearl millet (1745 kg ha-1), while lowest yield noted at
control. The growth and yield traits of both the crops were concordant to the
yields obtained from pearl millet-Indian mustard cropping system. The direct
application of FYM @ 5 t + N60 kg + P40 kg + K30
kg ha-1 to pearl millet and N150 kg + P75 kg
+ K30 kg + gypsum 200 kg + ZnSo4
10 kg + FeSo4 10 kg ha-1 to
Indian mustard under sequential cropping gave significantly higher pearl
millet equivalent yield (9718 kg ha-1), net return (Rs. 50050 ha-1),
link relative index (5.35) and BCR (1:2.67) in comparison to other tested
nutrients combination. Key words: Balance nutrition,
Benefit-cost ratio, cropping
system, integrated nutrient
management, link relative index |
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235 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)826-829 (2016) Bioefficacy, yield and economic impact of protecting aphid Uroleucon compositae
(Theobald) pest in safflower through selected
insecticides and biorationals M.N.
Vaani*, S.S. Udikeri and
S.S. Karabhantanal Department
of Agril. Entomology, Vijayapura,
Karnataka, India *e-mail: mnvaani@gmail.com (Received: September 09, 2015; Revised
received: March 07, 2016;Accepted: March 09, 2016) |
Abstract:Uroleucon compositae (Theobald) is a
sap feeding insect pest of safflower causing huge loss. Need based foliar
applications were givento55 and 72 days standing crop. All the treatments
rendered significant suppression of aphids compared to the population in
untreated control. Flonicamid 50WG @ 0.1 g/l and dinotefuron 20SG @ 0.25 g/l have completely eliminated
the aphid incidence by third day after first spay. From 58.94 aphids/ 5 cm apical
shoot pre treatment count, the population of aphids in untreated control
reached 191.60 by 10 days after second spray. In flonicamid
and dintotefuronthe aphid count was least with
12.32 and 14.61 at 10 days after second spray respectively against 60.71 and
60.34/5 cm apical shootpre treatment count . These two treatments have recorded the highest
seed yield of 15.40 q/ha and 15.03 q/ha respectively
with 2.94 and 2.64 B: C. The test weight and oil content were also
significantly high in these two treatments. The avoidable loss in yield
was84%. Key words:Safflower, Aphid, Uroleucon compositae.
Insecticide. Avoidable loss |
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236 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)830-833 (2016) Development of integrated spray schedule for the management of
Curvularia leaf spot of maize Vidya Palaki* and P.V. Patil Department
of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Vijayapur,
UAS, Dharwad -580 005, India *e-mail: vidya.palaki@gmail.com (Received: September 25, 2015; Revised
received: April 14, 2016;Accepted: April 16, 2016) |
Abstract:Curvularia leaf spot (CLS)
caused by Curvularia lunata
(Wakk.) Boedijn, is a major disease problem in maize. Presently moderate
to high severity has been recorded in Karnataka. An attempt was made to
evaluate fungicides and commercially available botanicals to test under in
vitro by using poison food technique and indigenous technology knowledge
(ITK’S) by “cavity slide” method.Further
based on the results of in vitro studies, a spray schedule was
developed involving cost effective fungicides, botanicals and ITK’S.
Hexaconazole, propiconazole
and triadimefon among systemic fungicides at 0.025,
0.05 and 0.1 per cent, carbendazim + mancozeb and propineb among non
systemic fungicides at 0.2 and 0.3 per cent, wanis
among commercially available botanicals at 0.2 and 0.3 per cent concentration
inhibited maximum mycelial growth of C. lunata and panchagavya
among the ITK’S at 20 and 30 per cent concentration recorded
maximum inhibition of spore germination of C.lunata.
Among different spray schedules evaluated under field condition, hexaconazole @ 0.1 % - hexaconazole
@ 0.1% spray schedule recorded least Curvularia
leaf spot severity( 42.35%), highest grain yield (79.58 q/ha) , 100 grain
weight (41.33g) and stover yield (8.02t/ha) with
highest benefit: cost of 3.81. Key words: Botanicals,
Indigenous technology knowledge, Maize, Curvularia
lunata |
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237 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)834-840( 2016) Evaluation of medium early maturing rice (Oryza sativa L.) hybrids for grain yield and
quality traits
S. S. Tomar1, Suresh B.G1, S. Rout*2
and S. S. Patra2 1Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Allahabad
School of Agriculture, SHIATS, Allahabad, India 2School of Forestry & Environment, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology &
Sciences, Allahabad, India *e-mail:
sandeeprout1988@gmail.com (Received:
September 20, 2015; Revised received: April 22, 2016;Accepted: April 26,
2016) |
Abstract:An experiment was
conducted to evaluate 46 rice hybrids for yield and quality traits during Kharif, 2014. The data were recorded for 13
quantitative and 10 quality characters to study genetic variability,
heritability and genetic advance analysis. Analysis of variance among 46 rice
hybrids showed highly significant differences for all the characters
indicated the presence of substantial amount of genetic variability. On the
basis of mean performance high yield per plant observed for hybrid IHRT-ME1
(31.40), followed by IHRT-ME10 (26.40). Hybrid IHRT-ME39 exhibited maximum
hulling percent and elongation ratio. The hybrid IHRT-ME28 was recorded high
gel consistency among all the Hybrids. Hybrids IHRT-ME01, IHRT-ME06,
IHRT-ME07, IHRT-ME10, IHRT-ME17, IHRT-ME28 and IHRT-ME39 had intermediate
alkali spreading value gelatinization temperature.High
phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of
variation (GCV) was observed for biological yield per hill and followed by.
Panicles per plant indicating that these characters could use as selection
for crop improvement. High estimate of heritability were observed for spikelets per panicle and test weight. High genetic
advance was observed for number of spikelets per
panicle and followed by biological yield per hill. High genetic advance as
percent of mean was observed for biological yield per hill and followed by
Panicles per plant. Key words: Genetic advance,
Genetic variability, Heritability, Hybrid |
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238 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)841-844 (2016) Studies on the seed associated mycoflora
with soybean and mungbean crops Prahlad Kumar Bagri*,
Usha Bhale and G. P. Tiwari Department
of Plant Pathology, JNKVV Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India *e-mail: bagri.prahlad@gmail.com (Received: September 04, 2015; Revised
received: April 22, 2016;Accepted: April 26, 2016) |
Abstract:Soybean is a promising
pulse crop with higher percentage of protein (40-42%) and oil (20- 24%). Five
fungal species were found to be associated with soybean seeds were studied in
agar plate and blotter methods. Blotter method was found better in yielding
maximum number of colonies of fungi than Agar Plate method. In both the
methods, unsterilized seeds yielded more number of colonies than sterilized
seeds. Based upon the analysis of apparently normal healthy seeds, shriveled
and deformed seeds and discoloured soybean seeds,
tested by standard blotter method indicate that association of Macrophomina phaseolina
was greater (upto 11.0%) in seeds from category II
and III while the apparently normal healthy seeds had the association of Macrophomina in the range of 3.0 to 9.0%, in the
farmer saved seeds. When the same seed lot and category were tested by
standard agar plate method the association was comparatively less, however,
the association of pathogens was greater in category II and III as compared
to category I. Association of Colletotrichum
dematium, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus
spp. was recorded with three categories of mung
bean seeds obtained from three sources. Association of F. oxysporum was greater in farmers saved seed and it
ranged from 4.0 to 9.0% in discoloured seeds
(category III), 2.0 to 8.0% in category II and 2.0 to 4.0% in apparently
normal healthy seeds. Key words: Soybean, Mungbean, Mycoflora, Standard
blotter method and Standard Agar-plate method |
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239 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)845-848 (2016) Epidemiology and management of Alternaria
leaf spot (Alternaria alternata)
of ber (Zizyphus
mauritiana Lamk.) Sukhvindar Singh, Sanjeev Kumar*, Santosh Kumar
and Pankaj Kumar Tiwari Department
of Plant Pathology Narendra Deva
University of Agriculture and Technology, Faizabad,
India *e-mail: drsanjeev44@gmail.com (Received: September 14, 2015; Revised
received: May 02, 2016;Accepted: May 05, 2016) |
Abstract:Ber [Zizyphus mauritiana
Lamk is an important fruit tree, grown in a wide
range of tropical and subtropical regions of India. In the past it was
general feeling that ber is free from major
diseases but due to changes in agricultural practices and weather conditions,
some diseases like leaf spot, powdery mildew and rust are getting importance
in India, particularly in Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. Under low temperature and
humid conditions, black patches comprising plenty of conidia can be seen
which serve as air borne inoculum. Alteraria leaf spot disease increases very fast when
unseasonal rain occurs after 15th
December. At the time of appearance of disease weather parameters viz.
temperature maximum (19.20C) and minimum (8.00C),
Relative humidity morning (95.2%) and evening (60.5%), sunshine hrs (1.7) and
rainfall (19.1mm.) were recorded. For effective management of disease, out of
seven treatments maximum per cent disease control (77.33) was recorded with Difenconazole followed by Propiconazole
(75.00) and Copper oxychloride (68.71) whereas Neem oil (53.45) proved least effective. Maximum fruit
yield/plant was recorded with Difenconazole (92.00
kg) followed by Propiconazole (89.50kg) and Copper oxychloride (80.00kg). Keywords: Isolation,
Identification, Alternaria alternata, Zizyphus
mauritiana |
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Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)849-853 (2016) Effect of time and level of pruning on growth and yield of
guava cv. Sardar under high density planting R.K. Mahesh*, Praveen Jholgiker, Mamatha N.P,Ravi, P.,Shivanand,
M.R. and Kallappa, S.N. Department
of Fruit Science, Kittur Rani
Chennamma College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, UHS, Bagalkot, India *e-mail: mkadahatti@gmail.com (Received: November 09, 2015; Revised
received: May 02, 2016;Accepted: May 06, 2016) |
Abstract:Effect of different
pruning on growth, yield and guava cv. Sardar,
during the year 2012-13 was observed at Department of Fruit Science, Kittur Rani Channamma
College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, University of
Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot. Maximum number of
secondary and tertiary branches were recorded in T1 (pruning
performed during first week of April - first week of August - first week of
December), whereas highest N-S (North-South) canopy spread was recorded in T3
(pruning performed during first week of May - first week of September -
first week of January) after III pruning cycle. Among different pruning
level L1 (plants pruned with 25 per cent of shoot growth) recorded
higher values for plant height, N-S and E-W (East-West) canopy spread.
Interactions also give good result with respect to vegetative growth. Among
the pruning levels maximum yield tons per ha was recorded in L1
(plants pruned with 25 per cent shoot growth) and in interactions T2L1
(plants pruned with 25 per cent shoot growth during third week of April
- third week of August - third week of December) recorded maximum yield per
ha. Key words: High density
planting (HDP), Guava, Pruning, Growth, Yield. |
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241 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)854-858(2016) Effect of spacing and nitrogen levels on growth, flowering,
yield and quality of garden rue (Ruta graveolens L.) Shivanand Rangapur*, P.M. Gangadharappa,
Ravi Pujari, Mahesh, R.K and Tammana
Wagh Dept.
of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic crops, Kittur
Rani Channamma College of
Horticulture, Arabhavi, UHS, Bagalkot,
India *e-mail: rangapurshivanand@gmail.com (Received: October 31, 2015; Revised
received: May 04, 2016;Accepted: May 06, 2016) |
Abstract: At harvest (180
DAP), maximum plant height, fresh and dry herbage and root yield per plot,
per hectare and oil yield per hectare was noticed in S1 (45 x 30
cm). Minimum days to first flowering was observed with spacing of 45 x 45 cm
(S2) whereas, wider spacing of 45 x 60 cm (S3)
registered more number of primary branches per plant, flowers per plant,
maximum plant spread, stem girth, fresh and dry herbage and root yield per
plant and per cent dry matter. At harvest, application of 150 kg nitrogen per
hectare (N4) recorded maximum plant height, more number of primary
branches per plant, flowers per plant, plant spread, stem girth, fresh and
dry herbage and root yield per plant, per plot, per hectare and per cent dry
matter. Minimum days to first and fifty percent flowering were noticed with
application of 60 kg nitrogen per hectare (N1). Whereas, highest
essential oil content, oil yield per plant and per hectare was observed with
the application of 120 kg nitrogen per hectare (N3). At harvest,
the treatment combination S3N4 recorded highest fresh
and dry herbage yield per plant, whereas highest fresh root yield per plant
was recorded in S2N4. Plants grown at S1N4
combination registered maximum plant height, fresh and dry herbage and root
yield per plot, per hectare, oil yield per hectare, per cent dry matter. Key words: Garden rue,
Spacing, Nitrogen levels, Growth, Yield and Quality. |
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242 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)859-864 (2016) Effect of seed size on seedling vigour,
plant growth, seed yield and its parameters: A review J.B. Patel*, V.J. Bhatiya, C.A. Babariya and Jyoti Sondarva Department
of Seed Science and Technology, Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh-362 001, India *e-mail: jbpatelvasai38@gmail.com (Received: September 19, 2015; Revised
received: May 01, 2016;Accepted: May 03, 2016) |
Abstract: Seed size is one
of the most important characteristics of seeds that can affect seed
development and has a special role in crop production. Grading of seed based
upon their size and weights is a common practice in a majority of crops as it
has been found to regulate the germination and subsequent seedling growth in
many plants. Genetic difference is the basis for variation in size of seed
between varieties. Seed size is a relative term and has been interpreted
differently by different researchers as very small, small, medium, bold, very
bold, etc. according to the scale adopted by him. Some research workers may
classify the seed size based on seed weight, seed density, specific gravity,
and shape, etc. Different size of seeds having different levels of starch and
other food storage may be one factor which influences the expression of
germination and growth of the plants ((Wood et al., 1977). Germination
may be dependent on the ability of seed to utilize reserves more efficiently
(Rao and Sinha, 1993), by
mobilization of seed reserves for germination traits (Penning de Vries, 1979). Therefore, the effect of seed size on
germination, seedling vigour, plant growth, seed
yield and seed quality parameters have been investigated by many researchers
are reviewed herewith. Key words: Germination, Plant
growth, Seedling vigour, Seed size, Seed yield and
Quality |
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243 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)865-868 (2016) Temperature regimes influences on chlorophyll and relative
water content during reproductive phases of chickpea (Cicer
arietinum L.) genotypes M.K. Rathod*, V.P. Chimmad
and B.A. Kiran College
of Agriculture, Department of Crop Physiology, University of agricultural
sciences, Dharwad-580005, Karnataka, India *e-mail: mukeshkrathore417@gmail.com (Received:
October 10, 2015; Revised received: May 04, 2016;Accepted: May 09, 2016) |
Abstract: Abiotic and biotic stresses interludes in chickpea
production environments. Among the abiotic
stresses, high temperature during reproductive phases is a major factor,
associated with yield reduction. A field experiment was conducted during rabi, 2014-15 at Dharwad,
Karnataka with three genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14) as influenced by
five dates of sowing (D). The investigation revealed that the genotype, JG-14
under D1 to D3 temperature regimes significantly
maintained maximum relative water content (RWC) (83.98, 79.79 and 78.08%,
respectively) and total chlorophyll content (2.56, 3.36 and 3.07 mg g-1
of fresh tissue, respectively) during reproductive phases viz., at 50%
flowering, 15 and 30 days after 50% flowering, respectively and recorded on
par yield (21.17 q ha-1) than the Annigeri-1 and JG-11 under all
temperature regimes, indeed, the greatest yield was realized by Annigeri-1
(21.24 q ha-1) with minimum RWC and total chlorophyll content.
Genotype, JG-14, indeed, efficiently maintained RWC status of leaves and
chlorophyll content under late sown and high temperature conditions with on
par yield, apparently exhibiting thermo-tolerant attributes under all
temperature regimes. Key words: Chickpea,
Chlorophyll, Physiology, Reproductive phase, Temperature regime |
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244 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)869-870 (2016) Effect of spacing on yield, quality and economics of glory
lily (Gloriosa superba
L.) Rahul S. Phatak*1, Laxminarayan
Hegde2, N.K. Hegde1,
Praveen Jholgiker1, Vijaykumar
Narayanpur2 1Departmant of Plantation,
Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic crops, KRC College of Horticulture, Arabhavi, India 2Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, College of
Horticulture, Sirsi-581401, Karnataka, India *e-mail: rphatak2@gmail.com (Received: October 10, 2015; Revised
received: May 04, 2016;Accepted: May 09, 2016) |
Abstract: An experiment was
conducted in 2012-13 at Antravalli to know the
effect of spacing on yield, quality and economics of glory lily production.
The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block design with eight treatments
(spacing levels viz., 60 x 30 cm, 60 x 60 cm, 90 x 30 cm, 90 x 60 cm,
120 x 30 cm, 120 x 60 cm, 150 x 30 cm and 150 x 60 cm) replicated thrice. The
study revealed that, there was a significant influence of spacing on the
yield parameters. The fresh and dry seed yield per ha were statistically
superior in 90 x30 cm spacing which recorded the higher returns and high B: C
ratio. Highest tuber yield per ha (18.64 q) was recorded in 60 x 30 cm which
was on par with 90 x 30 cm spacing. The colchicine
content also varied with different spacing levels. Key words: Agnishikha, Gloriosa superba, Gloriosa lily, Glory lily, Spacing |
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245 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)871-874 (2016) A study on ADI rotavator blades Mukesh Rana* and R.N.Pateriya 1Department of Farm
Machinery and Power Engineering, College of Technology, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India *e-mail:
rana.gbpau@gmail.com (Received: November
03, 2015; Revised received: May 05, 2016;Accepted: May 09, 2016) |
Abstract: The experiment was
conducted at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar. A rotavator is
popularly used to reduce the amount of time and labour
spent in field preparation. However, wear of rotavator
blades is very high, especially in sandy soil, which significantly affects
its working life. This study was ADI rotavator
blades compared to indigenous and imported rotavator
blades. The test result showed that average gravimetric wear rate of ADI and
indigenous blades were 110.08, 129.98, 154.42 and 106.87 % of imported blade.
It was also found that the average width wear rate of the ADI blades (T1) at
starting, bent and leg section were 0.36mm/h, 0.25mm/h and 0.025mm/h than
(T2) 0.40mm/h, 0.27mm/h and 0.031mm/h and (T3) 0.42mm/h, 0.27mm/h and
0.037mm/h while those of the indigenous (T4) and imported (T5) blade were
0.29mm/h, 0.18mm/h and 0.021mm/h than 0.26mm/h, 0.17mm/h and 0.016mm/h
respectively. The wear rate of the ADI blades all treatments were
significantly more than those of the indigenous and imported blades,
indicating a maximum wear loss. Therefore, it was concluded that material
composition of blades affects wear characteristics of both types of blades. Keywords:ADI Blades, Rotavator, Tillage, Field |
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246 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7) 875-878(2016) Triple test cross analysis for yield and its component traits
in radish (Raphanus sativus
L.) K.S.
Chandel, Sanjeev Naryal and Smita Kumari* Department
of Vegetable Science and Floriculture, CSKHPKV, Palampur
(H.P.) *e-mail: smitak659@gmail.com (Received:
October 10, 2015; Revised received: May 07, 2016;Accepted: May 10, 2016) |
Abstract: The success of
vegetable breeding operations mainly depends upon the nature and extent of
genetic components of variation. Thus it is imperative to have reliable
estimates of such components in order to formulate an efficient breeding
strategy. In the present study, the components of genetic variation were
studied in MEW (Mino Early White) and PH (Pusa Himani) for quantitative characters. The estimates of
both additive and dominance components were significant for all the characters
except leaf weight, leaf length and days taken to maturity and leaf weight,
leaf length and days taken to maturity were significant for only dominance
component. Epistasis (i)
type was significant in all the traits except root: top ratio, and days taken
to maturity while as (j+l) type epistasis was found in all traits except root diameter
(cm) and number of leaves.The degree of dominance (H/D)1/2
was in the range of over dominance for root yield/plot (kg), gross root
weight (g), root girth (cm), root diameter (cm), leaf length (cm), number of
leaves and days taken to maturity where as the presence of partial dominance
for days to root length (cm), leaf weight (g) and root: top ratio. Key words: Triple test cross,
Additive, Dominance |
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247 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)879-881(2016) Performance of gladioles (Gladiolus
hybridus L.) genotypes for growth, flowering
and quality characters R.
Rashmi*, S.Y. Chandrashekarand
N. Arulmani Department
of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture (UAHS Shivamogga), Mudigere - 577
132, India *e-mail: rashmi.hortico@gmail.com (Received: September 05, 2015; Revised
received: May 08, 2016;Accepted: May 10, 2016) |
Abstract: The performance of
different genotypes for growth, flowering and quality characters showed
significant differences. Among the twenty genotypes studied, Arka Gold recorded maximum plant height (79.40cm) whereas
minimum plant height was observed in Green Star (53.80cm). Poonam produced more number of leaves (8.60), whereas Pinklady (7.40) produced less number of leaves.Early emergence of spike was recorded in genotype Liemonocello (48.80 days) while, it was late in genotype Tilak (69.40 days). First floret opening was recorded in
genotype Shobha (62.40 days), while it was delayed
in genotype Charms Flow (78.07 days). The longest spike length was recorded
in genotype Sagar (90.73 cm) it was on par with cultivarArka Naveen(81.47 cm) and shortest spike length was in observed in
the genotypeAlgarve (48.60 cm). Number of florets
per spike was maximum in genotype Arka Kesar (19.13) whereas, minimum in genotype minimum in
Algarve (9.27). Number of spikes was maximum in genotype Arka
Amar (2.93) followed by Tilak
and Sagar (2.13) while minimum in Greenstar, King Lynn, Magma, Liemonocello,
Algarve, Cheops, Pinklady, Bangladesh, Anjali and Charms Flow. Genotype Tilak
recorded maximum diameter of floret (11.19 cm) and it was minimum in genotype
Aarti (7.67 cm).Among the genotypes studied, vase
life was maximum in genotypes Arka Naveen, Tilak, Arka Kesar and Sagar (9.00 days) whereas minimum in genotype Algarve
(6.60days). Key words : Gladiolus,Genotypes, Performance, Flowering, Quality
parameters |
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248 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)882-886 (2016) Study of genetic variability and character association for
yield and its contributing traits in bread wheat (Triticum
aestivum L) Sarvan Kumar*1,
B.S. Tyagi1, Anuj
Kumar1, Pradeep Kumar1, Jaydev Kumar1 and Harpeer
Kaur2 1Division of Crop Improvement, Indian
Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal,
Haryana -132 001, India 2Department of Agriculture,GSSDGS Khalsa
College, Patiala, India *e-mail: sarvan.khokhar@gmail.com (Received:
October 15, 2015; Revised received: May 09, 2016;Accepted: May 12, 2016) |
Abstract: The present study
was carried out to investigate the genetic variability and characters
association for yield and its contributing traits in different wheat crosses
namely, DBW14/HUW468 (I), DL788-2/PBW502 (II) and DBW14/HUW533 (III). The
analysis of variance showed considerable amount of variation in all three
crosses for different traits under study except someone indicates presence of
sufficient variability in the material. Highest magnitudes of GCV, PCV and
high heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of means were
recorded for days to heading, days to maturity and 1000 grain weight in cross
(I); for spike length and grain per spike in cross (II) for plant height and
grain yield per plant in cross (III) indicated predominance of additive gene
action in the inheritance of these traits. The correlation coefficients
showed significant and desirable correlations for productive tillers and
grains per spike in cross (I); days to maturity and grain weight per spike in
cross (II) whereas days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, grain per
spike, grain weight per spike, grains per spike and thousand grain weight in
cross (III) at both genotypic as well as phenotypic level. Path analysis
showed maximum positive direct effect on grain yield was exerted by days to
maturity (2.205) followed by plant height (0.435), tillers per plant (2.091)
and grain weight per spike (0.745) in cross (I). Grain weight per spike
showed maximum positive direct effect on grain yield in cross (III) and cross
(II) showed in 1000 grain weight, indicating the true relationship between
these traits as good contributors to grain yield. As a result, these traits
could be considered as important traits for selection in breeding programme for higher grain yield of the bread wheat. Key words: Variability,
Heritability, Genetic advance, Characters association, Grain yield and Bread
wheat |
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249 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)887-888 (2016) Effect of drought at reproductive stage in different rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes Garima Yadav*, Shambhoo Prasad, Shashi Devi , Sonam
Singh and Atul Kumar Verma Department of Plant Molecular
Biology and Genetic Engineering, NDUA and T. Kumarganj
Faizabad, India *e-mail:
yadav.garima169@gmail.com (Received: November 06, 2015; Revised
received: May 9, 2016;Accepted: May 11, 2016) |
Abstract: This experiment was conducted in three set to evaluate the
effect of drought stress on 5 rice (Oryza
sativa L.) genotype/line (Nagina-22, NDR-97, Susk Samrat, Swarna sub-1 and NDR
9830102) to assess the drought tolerance. Drought stress was given at
reproductive stage for 15 days. Exposure of 15 days drought significantly
affects the growth and yield of rice genotypes. Sensitive genotype (swarna sub-1) more reduced in plant height (up to 35%
reduction) and grain yield (up to 47% reduction) than for moderately tolerant
NDR 9830102 (maximum reductions of height up to 13.03% and grain yield up to
23.94%) and tolerant genotypes Nagina-22, NDR-97, , Susk Samrat respectively. 50%
flowering, and days of maturity were also delayed across genotype at the
tolerance levels. Drought stress at reproductive stage severally affect yield
of Swarna sub-1, but impact of drought was less on
Nagina-22, NDR-97, , and Susk
Samrat and NDR 9830102 respectively. Key
Words: Drought, Submergence, Oryza sativa
L. |
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250 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)889-894 (2016) Isolation, characterization and biomass production of Trichoderma spp. - Areview Vandana Shukla*1, Payal Devi2
andSanghmitra Baghel1 1Department of Plant
Pathology, 2Department of Entomology, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur, India *e-mail: amazingvanna@gmail.com (Received:
September 25, 2015; Revised received: May 7, 2016;Accepted: May 11, 2016) |
Abstract: In the recent
years, the environmental contamination caused by excessive use of chemical
pesticides increased the interest in integrated pest management, where
chemical pesticides are substituted by bio-pesticides to control plant pests
and plant diseases. Trichoderma, soil-borne
filamentous fungi, are capable of parasitising
several plant pathogenic fungi. It is a potential fungal bio-control agent
against a range of plant pathogens. Popularization of biopesticides
is very slow as compared to chemicals and only 2% biopesticides
are available. Among the different biopesticides, Trichoderma is most exploited and have many
success stories. Trichoderma viride and Trichoderma
harzianum have curved a niche for themselves in
India as important biocontrol agents for management
of various diseases. A number of successful products based on different
species of Trichoderma have been
commercialized in India. The potential Trichoderma
isolates are formulated using different organic and inorganic carriers either
through solid or liquid fermentation technologies. They are delivered either
through seed treatment, bio-priming, seedling dip, soil application, and
foliar spray. The major issue involved in mass production and utilization of biocontrol agent are selection of effective strains,
development cost effective methods for mass multiplication, effective methods
for storage, shipment and its formulation. Present study deals with use of
household waste, vegetable waste and other wastes and assessment for their
suitability as substrates for mass multiplication Trichoderma
spp. and develops effective production methodology which can be easily
adopted. Key words: Trichoderma spp., Biocontrol,
Mass production, Characterization, Formulation |
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251 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)895-899 (2016) Performance evaluation and correlation analysis in F2
generations of chilli (Capsicum annuum var. annuum) N.
Rohini* and V. Lakshmanan Department
of Vegetable Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu
Agri. Univ., Periyakulam -625 604, India *e-mail: rohizna@gmail.com (Received:
September 25, 2015; Revised received: May 7, 2016;Accepted: May 11, 2016) |
Abstract: The present
investigation on mean and correlation analysis was conducted on genetically
diverse thirty F2 progenies of chilli.
The observation were recordedon the following traits,plant height, branches per plant, days to 50%
flowering, fruits per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, individual fresh
fruit weight, individual dry pod weight, fresh fruit yield per plant and dry
pod yield per plant. Significant different were observed among the progenies
for all the traits. On the basis of mean performance, progenies K 1 x Pusa Jwala, K 1 x PKM 1, LCA
625 x K 1, Pusa Jwalax
PKM 1 and Pusa Jwala x K
1 were superior performed for fruit yield per plant, average fresh fruit and
dry pod weight, fruits per plant and took less number of days to 50%
flowering. Correlation studies revealed that dry pod yield per plant was
significant and positive correlated with plant height, branches per plant,
fruits per plant, fruit girth, fresh fruit weight, dry pod weight and fresh
fruit yield. However negative association was observed with days to 50%
flowering and fruit length. Hence selecting chilli
progenies with early flowering, more number of branches and fruits per plant,
high fruit weight will help to improve yield per plant in chilli. Key words: Chilli, F2
generation, Evaluation, Correlation |
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252 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)900-902(2016) Homology modeling of outer membrane lipoprotein of Salmonella
typhi Anand Kumar, Shiv Kumar, SubirKundu, Mira Debnath (Das)* School
of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi,
India *e-mail: m.debnath.bce@itbhu.ac.in (Received: October 29, 2015; Revised
received: May 14, 2016;Accepted: May 17, 2016) |
Abstract: Outer membrane lipoprotein
play important role in B-cell stimulation. By Homology modeling structure of
protein can be determine which is not available in the database.The
present research work includes the protein modeling of outer membrane
lipoprotein of Salmonella typhi.by homology modeling andValidation
of model of protein.By Swiss-Protmodel
was generated and quality of model was estimated by Qmean
and Anolea.Some important tool as ProSA and ProFunc were used for
the Structure Analysis and to determine the Functionality of protein. In the
191 (90.5%) out of 211residue Phi/psi angles were found in the most favoured region during the statistical score of the Ramachandran’s plot.The tool ProCheck was used to determine the stability of protein
according to Ramachnadran’s plot. Key words: Outer membrane
lipoprotein, Salmonella typhi., Homology modeling,Procheck,ProSA,
ProFunc. |
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253 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7)903-906 (2016) Effect of growth regulators and chemical supplements on callus
induction in japonica rice verities through anther
culture Dalpat Lal*, Avinash Sharma, Kheta Ram Tak and T.H. Ashok Department of Plant Biotechnology,
University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India *e-mail: dalpat032@gmail.com (Received: November 04, 2015; Revised received:
March 06, 2016;Accepted: May 09, 2016) |
Abstract: Anther culture is
an efficient and convenient technique for rapid production of doubled
haploids which are useful in crop breeding programs. The combination of
different growth regulators with chemical supplements facilitates callus
induction on N6 medium. Among the twovarieties,
highest callus induction frequency (44.44%) was recorded in treatment T4
containing 1.5 mg/L 2, 4-D + 1 mg/L NAA + 5 mg/L silver nitrate in Azucena. However, in Moroberekan
highest callus induction frequency (40.0%) was recorded in treatment T11
containing 1 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/L Kinetin + 500 mg/L casein hydrolysate + 250 mg/L L-Proline. The present study
revealed that response of anther culture was better
in Azucena (subsp. japonica) compared to the
Moroberekan (subsp. japonica). Therefore,
genotype, type of growth regulator with chemical supplements and their
interaction plays significant role in order to achieve high callus induction. Key words: Anther culture,
Chemical supplements, Azucena, Moroberekan,
Callus |
|
254 |
Res.
Environ. Life Sci., 9 (7) 907-910 (2016) Assessment of the quality parameters such as colour of dried dutch rose flowers Mohammed Azhar Bintory*,
Seetharamu G.K., Ibaad
M.H., Saniya Taj, Shivakumar S.P. and Mohamad Tayeeb Ulla H. Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture,College
of Horticulture Bengaluru, UHS Campus, GKVK, Bengaluru, India *e-mail: mabintory@gmail.com (Received:
December 26, 2015; Revised received: May 18, 2016;Accepted: May 22, 2016) |
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to assess the quality parameter
such as colour of dried dutch
rose flowers in the laboratory of RHREC, COH Bangalore Karnataka, during the
year of 2014-15. The treatment comprised of four dutch
varieties, V1 – TajMahal, V2
- Gold Strike, V3 – Noblesse, V4 – Avalanche and two
drying methods- D1 - Air drying, D2 - Hot air-oven,were replicated thrice in two factorial completely
randomized design. The results from the findings indicated that, among the
drying methods var. Taj Mahal
of hot air oven drying recorded maximum score for color (22.20),(22.10) and
(22.00) at zero days, 30 days and 60 days after storage. Among different
drying methods significant lightness (67.83%), (61.47) and (61.28) was
recorded highly under hot air oven drying at zero days, 30 days and 60 days
after storage. With respect to the chroma
(saturation) maximum was in var. Gold Strike (54.72), (46.73) and (41.95) and
with respect to the hue angle minimum was recorded in var. Taj Mahal and was nearer to the
original red colour (2.00°), (2.65°) and (3.52°)
respectively at zero days, 30 days and 60 days after storage. Key words: Dutch rose, Minolta CR-10 colorimeter,
Lightness, Chroma, Hue angle |